Crash Testing
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The Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI) conducts extensive crash testing to develop and evaluate highway safety and perimeter security devices, having performed over 2,000 tests since 1965. These innovations are designed to reduce injuries in vehicular accidents and enhance security at sensitive sites, contributing to advanced highway safety technologies recognized nationally. TTI collaborates with public agencies and private companies, significantly impacting transportation safety across multiple states.
Crash Testing
- 1. Saving Lives, Time and Resources tti.tamu.edu Description TexasA&MTransportationInstitute(TTI)researchersperforming crash testing work closely with public agencies and private- sector companies on the design, construction, testing and evaluation of highway-safety and perimeter-security devices. TTI is recognized as a national leader, having conducted more than 2,000 full-scale crash tests, with vehicles weighing from 1,200 to 80,000 pounds. Highway-safety devices, such as crash cushions, guardrails, breakaway signs and barrier systems, are developed to reduce injuries to occupants of vehicles that leave the road and could ultimately crash into a highway structure, tree or other roadside fixed object. Depending on the highway- safetydevice,itmaybesubjectedtoasmanyaseightdifferentcrashtestsin accordancewiththe2009ManualforAssessingSafetyHardware(MASH). Perimeter-security devices are developed to prevent or control vehicles entering or exiting sensitive sites, such as U.S. embassies, power plants, refineries and military installations. Homeland-security anti-terrorist, anti-ramstructuresaretestedbasedoninternationalstandards,whichwere developed by American Standards and Testing International (ASTM), to prevent vehicle-borne terrorist threats. In support of these research projects, TTI staff members fabricate proto- typesecuritydevicesandconstructfull-scaletestinstallations.Researchers analyze and evaluate the data collected in the crash tests and prepare reports documenting the test procedures and results. Oftentimes, TTI’s crash-test research products are used as marketing materials for the safety and security devices. Proving Grounds Research Facility The crash tests are conducted at TTI’s Proving Grounds Research Facil- ity in Bryan, Texas. The facility was first established in 1965. Today, researchers conduct crash tests on a variety of new safety devices and bar- rier systems, with a wide spectrum of vehicles, ranging from subcompact cars and three-quarter-ton trucks, to 80,000-pound tractor-trailer rigs. This facility is one of only three university-based centers of its kind in the United States. Researchers at the facility perform product testing for clients worldwide. An expanse of paved runways is ideally suited to perform full-scale testing of safety designs. Roadside devices, such as guardrails, crash cushions and barrier systems, undergo the substantial testing that is required before actual field implementation. Other proving-grounds facilities include: • a 3.5-mile test track that permits simulation of freeway traffic condi- tions at speeds of up to 70 miles per hour and • special pads designed for conducting tire-skid tests on road surfaces with various textures. Homeland-security anti-terrorist, anti-ram structures and roadside safety devices are tested for durability at TTI’s Proving Grounds Research Facility in Bryan. CRASH TESTING
- 2. The shallow-bollard, single-pier barriers and the surface-mounted wedge barriers, all developed for the U.S. Department of State, have simplified the construction of perimeter-security devices and allowed for easier installation around utility lines, sidewalks and other common obstacles. Cooperative Relationships and Sponsors TTI conducts crash tests and evaluations for state highway agencies in a number of states, including but not limited to Texas, Florida, Washington, Pennsylvania, California, Louisiana, Minnesota, Ohio, Tennessee and Alaska. Projects are ongoing with a number ofclients,includingtheNationalCooperative Highway Research Program and organiza- tions in several other countries. To improve highway safety, TTI researchers work closely with the Office of Highway Safety at the Federal Highway Administra- tion. In the area of homeland security, TTI conducts testing of anti-terrorist safety barri- ers for the U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and private-sector companies. TTI-Developed Technologies Texasleadsthenationinhighway-safetyinno- vations along the interstate highway system, due in large part to the safety technologies developed through the years at TTI. These roadsides innovations save thousands of lives every year. Some notable devices include: • The ET-Plus® guardrail treatment improvesthechancesofdriverssurviving arun-off-the-roadcrash.Thistechnology was commercialized by Trinity Indus- tries, Inc. • The TTI-developed breakaway sign support is designed to slip from its base at impact, allowing the vehicle to pass safely underneath. • Cost-effective and easy to install, the ADIEM™isasoftconcretecrashcushion end treatment for concrete barriers that improves safety on busy roadways and in highway construction zones. • The re-usable HEART® crash cushion is made of a group of “cells” that collapse on impact in an accordion-type fashion. After some crashes, the cushion expands backintoplace.Asaresult,theHEART® crashcushionisexpectedtohavealonger life cycle than conventional crash cush- ions and require less maintenance. D. Lance Bullard, P.E. Division Head, Roadside Safety and Physical Security Division Texas A&M Transportation Institute (979) 845-6153 l-bullard@tamu.edu Akram Abu-Odeh, Ph.D. Research Scientist Roadside Safety Program Texas A&M Transportation Institute (979) 862-3379 abu-odeh@tamu.edu http://tti.tamu.edu HEART® crash cushion Shallow-bollard barrierET-Plus® guardrail treatment High-tension cable rail To solve transportation problems through research, to transfer technology and to develop diverse human resources to meet the transportation challenges of tomorrow. The Texas A&M Transportation Institute, established in 1950, seeks solutions to the problems and chal- lenges facing all modes of transpor- tation. The Institute works on over 700 research projects with over 200 sponsors in the United States and abroad at all levels of government and in the private sector. TTI is rec- ognized as one of the finest higher- education-affiliated transportation research agencies in the nation. TTI has saved the state and nation billionsofdollarsthroughstrategies and products developed through its researchprogram.TTIresearchhas aprovenimpact—resultinginlives, time and resources saved. About TTI TTI1726.3896.1116 Contact TTI’s Mission