Cryogenic engine ppt
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The document describes a cryogenic rocket engine. Cryogenic engines use liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen propellants, which must be stored at extremely low temperatures below -183°C and -253°C, respectively. The engine works on the principle of Newton's third law of motion - burning the cryogenic fuels in the combustion chamber and expanding the gases through a nozzle to generate thrust. Major components include the combustion chamber, injectors, turbo-pumps, and external fuel tanks. Cryogenic engines offer high energy efficiency due to the high energy density of liquid oxygen and hydrogen fuels.
Cryogenic engine ppt
- 1. CRYOGENIC ENGINE Name :- Akshay Suresh Bhavar
- 2. CONTENTS : - • INTRODUCTION • PRINCIPLE • CONTRUCTION • WORKING • ADVANTAGES • LIMITATIONS
- 3. • Cryogenic technology involves the use of rocket propellants at extremely low temperatures. • The combination:- Liquid Oxygen (LOX) & Liquid Hydroen (LH2) offers the highest energy efficiency for rocket engines. • Oxygen remains at liquid only at temperatures below -183 oC and hydrogen below -253 oC.
- 4. • Basically Rocket engines are Reaction engines. • Use of cryogenic propellants (cryogenic fuel or oxidizer) to produce thrust. • Needs high mass flow rate of propellants. • The liquid (LOx) oxidizer and liquid hydrogen (LH2) fuel combination is one of the most widely used.
- 5. • The Basic principle driving a rocket engine are: (i) Newton’s third law of motion (ii) Law of conservation of momentum. • In principle, cryogenic rocket engines generate thrust like all ther rocket engines by accelerating an impulse carrier to high speeds. • The chemical energy stored in the fuel is converted into kinetic energy by burning it in the thrust chamber and subsequent expansion in the nozzle, in the process creating thrust.
- 7. • The major components of a cryogenic rocket engine are: • Combustion chamber • Pyrotechnic igniters • Fuel injector • Fuel turbo-pumps • Gas turbine • Cryovalves • Regulators • External fuel tanks • Nozzle.
- 8. • Fuel and oxidizer from the external tank enters the orbiter. • Orbiter’s main propulsion system feed lines the fuel and oxidizer each branch out into three parallel paths, to each engine. • An Oxidizer system provides regular supply of LOX, A Hydrogen fuel system provides regular supply of LH2. • Pre-burners and thrust control system.
- 10. • High Energy per unit mass: • Propellants like oxiygen and hydrogen in liquid form give very high amounts of energy per unit mass due to which the amount of fuel to be carried aboard the rockets decreases. • Clean Fuels: • Hydrogen and oxygen are extremely clean fuels. When they combine, they give out only water. This water is thrown out of the nozzle in form of very hot vapour.
- 11. • Boil off Rate • Highly reactive gases • Leakage • Hydrogen Embrittlement • It is the process by which various metals, most importantly high-strength steel, become brittle and fracture following exposure to hydrogen.
- 13. Thank you