![文字列/配列(リスト)
>>> list('abc')
['a', 'b', 'c']
>>> map(ord, 'abc')
[97, 98, 99]
>>> map(chr, [97, 98, 99])
['a', 'b', 'c']
>>> map(hex, map(ord, 'abc'))
['0x61', '0x62', '0x63']
>>> ''.join(['a', 'b', 'c'])
'abc'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-35-320.jpg)
![部分文字列
>>> 'abcdefg'[0]
'a'
>>> 'abcdefg'[-1]
'g'
>>> 'abcdefg'[0:3]
'abc'
>>> 'abcdefg'[3:-1]
'def'
>>> 'abcdefg'[3:]
'defg'
← 先頭
← 最後
← 先頭～2 (3含まず)
← 3～最後から2番目
(-1含まず)
← 3～最後](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-36-320.jpg)
![部分文字列
>>> 'abcdefg'[:3]
'abc'
>>> 'abcdefg'[1::2]
'bdf'
>>> 'abcdefg'[::-1]
'gfedcba'
← 先頭～2 (0省略可)
← 1～最後、2置き
← -1置き ＝ 反転](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-37-320.jpg)
![文字列分割・連結
>>> '83 69 67 67 79 78'.split()
['83', '69', '67', '67', '79', '78']
>>> '53:45:43:43:4f:4e'.split(':')
['53', '45', '43', '43', '4f', '4e']
>>> ' '.join(['83','69','67','67','79','78'])
'83 69 67 67 79 78'
>>> ':'.join(['53','45','43','43','4f','4e'])
'53:45:43:43:4f:4e'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-38-320.jpg)
![文字分割・連結 応用１
CTF問題: 83 69 67 67 79 78
>>> a = [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78]
>>> b = map(chr, a)
>>> b
['S', 'E', 'C', 'C', 'O', 'N']
>>> ''.join(b)
'SECCON'
>>> ''.join(map(chr, [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78]))
'SECCON'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-39-320.jpg)
![文字分割・連結 応用2
CTF問題: 83 69 67 67 79 78
>>> a = '83 69 67 67 79 78'.split()
>>> a
['83', '69', '67', '67', '79', '78']
>>> b = map(int, a)
>>> b
[83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78]
>>> ''.join(map(chr, b))
'SECCON'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-40-320.jpg)
![文字分割・連結 応用3
CTF問題: 53:45:43:43:4f:4e
>>> a = '53:45:43:43:4f:4e'.split(':')
>>> a
['53', '45', '43', '43', '4f', '4e']
>>> int16 = lambda s: int(s, 16)
>>> int16('4e')
78
>>> ':'.join(map(chr, map(int16, a)))
'S:E:C:C:O:N'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-42-320.jpg)
![外部コマンド実行
import subprocess
p = subprocess.Popen(['cat', '-'],
stdin = subprocess.PIPE,
stdout = subprocess.PIPE,
stderr = subprocess.STDOUT)
p.stdin.write('Hello¥n')
print p.stdout.readline()](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-55-320.jpg)
![ヘルプ
>>> help(map)
Help on built-in function map in module __builtin__:
map(...)
map(function, sequence[, sequence, ...]) -> list
Return a list of the results of applying the function to the items of
the argument sequence(s). If more than one sequence is given, the
function is called with an argument list consisting of the corresponding
item of each sequence, substituting None for missing values when not all
sequences have the same length. If the function is None, return a list of
the items of the sequence (or a list of tuples if more than one sequence).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-59-320.jpg)
![メソッド一覧
>>> dir('')
['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__eq__',
'__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getnewargs__',
'__getslice__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__',
'__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__',
'__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__',
'__subclasshook__', '_formatter_field_name_split', '_formatter_parser',
'capitalize', 'center', 'count', 'decode', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find',
'format', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isdigit', 'islower', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper',
'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'partition', 'replace', 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust',
'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase',
'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill']
>>> help(''.center)
Help on built-in function center:
center(...)
S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string
>>> 'SECCON'.center(30, '-')
'------------SECCON------------'](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-60-320.jpg)
![変数一覧
>>> locals()
{'a': [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78], 'int16': <function <lambda> at
0x000000000252DF28>, '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>,
'__package__': None, 'b': ['S', 'E', 'C', 'C', 'O', 'N'], '__name__': '__main__',
'__doc__': None}
>>> globals()
{'hashlib': <module 'hashlib' from 'C:¥Python27¥lib¥hashlib.pyc'>, 'sha1':
<built-in function openssl_sha1>, '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (builtin)>, 'new': <function __hash_new at 0x000000000292A048>, '__package__':
None, 'sha224': <built-in function openssl_sha224>, 'algorithms': ('md5', 'sha1',
'sha224', 'sha256', 'sha384', 'sha512'), 'sha384': <built-in function
openssl_sha384>, '__name__': '__main__', 'sha256': <built-in function
openssl_sha256>, 'sha512': <built-in function openssl_sha512>, '__doc__':
None, 'md5': <built-in function openssl_md5>}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ctfpython-131215091232-phpapp02/85/Ctf-python-61-320.jpg)
Ctfのためのpython入門
- 2. 自己紹介
- 8. CTF あるある
- 10. 巨大整数 演算
- 13. それらの 処理に
- 14. Python おすすめ
- 16. Python おすすめ
- 17. Pythonを 使うには
- 19. Linuxには インストール 済
- 23. Python の バージョン
- 26. 早速 使ってみよう
- 27. インタープリタの起動と終了 sh$ python >>> exit Use exit() or Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit >>> exit() ※ 矢印キーで入力再編集 sh$ CTRL+P,N,A,E,W,K,Y等も Pythonスクリプトファイルを実行する方法 sh$ python ファイル名
- 28. Windowsでの起動と終了 スタートメニュー ┗ Python 2.7 ┗ IDLE (Python GUI) 表示量多いと重い カーソル移動＆改行キーで入力再編集 または ┗ Python (command line) カーソル移動キーで入力再編集 CTRL+C で入力破棄
- 29. 電卓として使う >>> 1+2*3-10/3 四則演算 4 >>> 1<<16 ビットシフト 65536 >>> 5**1024 べき乗 556268464626...12890625L (L:長整数) >>> 0xca ^ 0xfe XOR (排他的論理和) 52 >>> 'A'*16+'¥x86¥x64¥xca¥xfe' 'AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA¥x86d¥xca¥xfe'
- 30. 10進数 >>> 123 123 >>> str(123) '123' >>> int('123') 123 >>> '%d' % 123 '123' >>> '%8d, %08d' % (123, 123) ' 123, 00000123' タプル
- 31. 16進数 >>> hex(123) '0x7b' >>> 0x7b 123 >>> int('7b', 16) 123 >>> int('0x7b', 0) 123 >>> '%-8x, %08x' % (123, 123) '7b , 0000007b'
- 32. 8進数 >>> oct(123) '0173' >>> int('173', 8) 123 >>> int('0173', 0) 123 >>> print '%o¥n%06o' % (123, 123) 173 000173
- 33. 2進数 >>> bin(123) '0b1111011' >>> int('1111011', 2) 123 >>> int('0b1111011', 0) 123 >>> format(123, 'b') '1111011' >>> print format(123, '016b') 0000000001111011
- 34. 文字 >>> ord('A') 65 >>> chr(65) 'A' >>> hex(65) '0x41' >>> chr(0x41 + 1) 'B'
- 35. 文字列/配列(リスト) >>> list('abc') ['a', 'b', 'c'] >>> map(ord, 'abc') [97, 98, 99] >>> map(chr, [97, 98, 99]) ['a', 'b', 'c'] >>> map(hex, map(ord, 'abc')) ['0x61', '0x62', '0x63'] >>> ''.join(['a', 'b', 'c']) 'abc'
- 36. 部分文字列 >>> 'abcdefg'[0] 'a' >>> 'abcdefg'[-1] 'g' >>> 'abcdefg'[0:3] 'abc' >>> 'abcdefg'[3:-1] 'def' >>> 'abcdefg'[3:] 'defg' ← 先頭 ← 最後 ← 先頭～2 (3含まず) ← 3～最後から2番目 (-1含まず) ← 3～最後
- 37. 部分文字列 >>> 'abcdefg'[:3] 'abc' >>> 'abcdefg'[1::2] 'bdf' >>> 'abcdefg'[::-1] 'gfedcba' ← 先頭～2 (0省略可) ← 1～最後、2置き ← -1置き ＝ 反転
- 38. 文字列分割・連結 >>> '83 69 67 67 79 78'.split() ['83', '69', '67', '67', '79', '78'] >>> '53:45:43:43:4f:4e'.split(':') ['53', '45', '43', '43', '4f', '4e'] >>> ' '.join(['83','69','67','67','79','78']) '83 69 67 67 79 78' >>> ':'.join(['53','45','43','43','4f','4e']) '53:45:43:43:4f:4e'
- 39. 文字分割・連結 応用１ CTF問題: 83 69 67 67 79 78 >>> a = [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78] >>> b = map(chr, a) >>> b ['S', 'E', 'C', 'C', 'O', 'N'] >>> ''.join(b) 'SECCON' >>> ''.join(map(chr, [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78])) 'SECCON'
- 40. 文字分割・連結 応用2 CTF問題: 83 69 67 67 79 78 >>> a = '83 69 67 67 79 78'.split() >>> a ['83', '69', '67', '67', '79', '78'] >>> b = map(int, a) >>> b [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78] >>> ''.join(map(chr, b)) 'SECCON'
- 41. CTF過去問題１ https://csawctf.poly.edu/archives/2011/challenges.php 87 101 108 99 111 109 101 32 116 111 32 116 104 101 32 50 48 49 49 32 78 89 85 32 80 111 108 121 32 67 83 65 87 32 67 84 70 32 101 118 101 110 116 46 32 87 101 32 104 97 118 101 32 112 108 97 110 110 101 100 32 109 97 110 121 32 99 104 97 108 108 101 110 103 101 115 32 102 111 114 32 121 111 117 32 97 110 100 32 119 101 32 104 111 112 101 32 121 111 117 32 104 97 118 101 32 102 117 110 32 115 111 108 118 105 110 103 32 116 104 101 109 32 97 108 108 46 32 84 104 101 32 107 101 121 32 102 111 114 32 116 104 105 115 32 99 104 97 108 108 101 110 103 101 32 105 115 32 99 114 121 112 116 111 103 114 97 112 104 121 46
- 42. 文字分割・連結 応用3 CTF問題: 53:45:43:43:4f:4e >>> a = '53:45:43:43:4f:4e'.split(':') >>> a ['53', '45', '43', '43', '4f', '4e'] >>> int16 = lambda s: int(s, 16) >>> int16('4e') 78 >>> ':'.join(map(chr, map(int16, a))) 'S:E:C:C:O:N'
- 43. 16進数文字列変換 >>> 'SECCON'.encode('hex') '534543434f4e' >>> '534543434f4e'.decode('hex') 'SECCON' CTF問題: 53:45:43:43:4f:4e >>> a='53:45:43:43:4f:4e'.replace(':', '') >>> a.decode('hex') 'SECCON'
- 45. base64 >>> 'abc'.encode('base64') 'YWJj¥n' >>> 'YWJj¥n'.decode('base64') 'abc' >>> print 'abc'.encode('base64') YWJj >>> 'YWJj'.decode('base64') 'abc'
- 46. uu >>> print 'abc'.encode('uu') begin 666 <data> #86)C (この行には空白が一つある) end >>> '''begin 666 <data> #86)C (この行には空白が一つある) end '''.decode('uu') 'abc'
- 47. rot13 >>> 'Hello'.encode('rot13') 'Uryyb' >>> 'Uryyb'.decode('rot13') 'Hello' >>> 'Uryyb'.encode('rot13') 'Hello' >>> 'abc'.encode('rot6') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> LookupError: unknown encoding: rot6
- 48. 任意rot 関数定義 def rot(n, s): ※ インデント(字下げ)が同じ範囲がブロック範囲 """rot(n, s) -> string Return rotated n characters string of s. """ r = '' for c in s: if 'A' <= c <= 'Z': r += chr((ord(c) - ord('A') + n) % 26 + ord('A')) elif 'a' <= c <= 'z': r += chr((ord(c) - ord('a') + n) % 26 + ord('a')) else: r += c return r print rot(-1, 'IBM')
- 49. 任意rot 内包表記版 def rot(n, s): return ''.join(chr((ord(c) - ord('A') + n) % 26 + ord('A')) if 'A' <= c <= 'Z' else chr((ord(c) - ord('a') + n) % 26 + ord('a')) if 'a' <= c <= 'z' else c for c in s) あるいは rot = lambda n, s: ''.join( chr((ord(c) - ord('A') + n) % 26 + ord('A')) if 'A' <= c <= 'Z' else chr((ord(c) - ord('a') + n) % 26 + ord('a')) if 'a' <= c <= 'z' else c for c in s)
- 50. 余談: rot13の変わった使い方 sh$ cat rot13.py #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: rot13 -*cevag "Uryyb FRPPBA!".rapbqr("rot13") sh$ python rot13.py Hello SECCON!
- 52. ハッシュ値 >>> import hashlib >>> hashlib.md5('abc').hexdigest() '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72' >>> hashlib.sha1('abc').hexdigest() 'a9993e364706816aba3e25717850c26c9cd0d89d' >>> hashlib.sha256('abc').hexdigest() 'ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb 410ff61f20015ad' >>> hashlib.sha512('abc').hexdigest() 'ddaf35a193617abacc417349ae20413112e6fa4e89a97ea20 a9eeee64b55d39a2192992a274fc1a836ba3c23a3feebbd45 4d4423643ce80e2a9ac94fa54ca49f'
- 53. ハッシュ値 簡略指定 >>> from hashlib import * >>> md5('abc').hexdigest() '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72' >>> sha1('abc').hexdigest() 'a9993e364706816aba3e25717850c26c9cd0d89d' >>> sha256('abc').hexdigest() 'ba7816bf8f01cfea414140de5dae2223b00361a396177a9cb 410ff61f20015ad' >>> sha512('abc').hexdigest() 'ddaf35a193617abacc417349ae20413112e6fa4e89a97ea20 a9eeee64b55d39a2192992a274fc1a836ba3c23a3feebbd45 4d4423643ce80e2a9ac94fa54ca49f'
- 54. ファイル入出力 src = open('/tmp/a', 'r') dst = open('/tmp/b', 'w') for line in src: dst.write('# ' + line) src.close() dst.close() data = open('/tmp/data', 'rb').read() print data
- 55. 外部コマンド実行 import subprocess p = subprocess.Popen(['cat', '-'], stdin = subprocess.PIPE, stdout = subprocess.PIPE, stderr = subprocess.STDOUT) p.stdin.write('Hello¥n') print p.stdout.readline()
- 56. socket通信 import socket def solve(data): return 'hoge' 解法処理を書く s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(('123.45.67.89', 12345)) ホスト名とポート番号 for i in range(100): s.send(solve(s.recv(1024))) print s.recv(1024)
- 57. HTTP通信 GET import urllib s = urllib.urlopen('http://www.yahoo.co.jp/') html = s.read() s.close() print html
- 58. HTTP通信 POST import urllib, urllib2 data = urllib.urlencode({'name': 'admin', 'password': 'H4ck3r'}) s = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.../login', data) html = s.read() print html
- 59. ヘルプ >>> help(map) Help on built-in function map in module __builtin__: map(...) map(function, sequence[, sequence, ...]) -> list Return a list of the results of applying the function to the items of the argument sequence(s). If more than one sequence is given, the function is called with an argument list consisting of the corresponding item of each sequence, substituting None for missing values when not all sequences have the same length. If the function is None, return a list of the items of the sequence (or a list of tuples if more than one sequence).
- 60. メソッド一覧 >>> dir('') ['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getnewargs__', '__getslice__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '_formatter_field_name_split', '_formatter_parser', 'capitalize', 'center', 'count', 'decode', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isdigit', 'islower', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'partition', 'replace', 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill'] >>> help(''.center) Help on built-in function center: center(...) S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string >>> 'SECCON'.center(30, '-') '------------SECCON------------'
- 61. 変数一覧 >>> locals() {'a': [83, 69, 67, 67, 79, 78], 'int16': <function <lambda> at 0x000000000252DF28>, '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, '__package__': None, 'b': ['S', 'E', 'C', 'C', 'O', 'N'], '__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None} >>> globals() {'hashlib': <module 'hashlib' from 'C:¥Python27¥lib¥hashlib.pyc'>, 'sha1': <built-in function openssl_sha1>, '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (builtin)>, 'new': <function __hash_new at 0x000000000292A048>, '__package__': None, 'sha224': <built-in function openssl_sha224>, 'algorithms': ('md5', 'sha1', 'sha224', 'sha256', 'sha384', 'sha512'), 'sha384': <built-in function openssl_sha384>, '__name__': '__main__', 'sha256': <built-in function openssl_sha256>, 'sha512': <built-in function openssl_sha512>, '__doc__': None, 'md5': <built-in function openssl_md5>}
- 62. おしまい ありがとうございました