Current trend and issues
- 1. This class note is prepared by Dr. Dhruba Gautam (www.dhrubagautam@yahoo.com) for MBA students of DAV college, (2011 Batch) Kathmandu. Current trend and issues:/ Emerging concepts of Contemporary / management Emerging management Globalization: challenges Workforce diversity: Workforce that’s more heterogeneous in terms of Globalization of business gender, race, ethnicity, age, and other characteristics that reflect Quality and productivity differences. Ownership of organization Total quality management: A philosophy of management that is driven by Ethics and social customer needs and expectations and focuses on continual improvement responsibility in work processes. It means: intense focus on customer, concern for Continue empowerment of continue improvement, process focused, accurate measurement employees employee empowerment etc. Workforce diversity Learning organizations and knowledge management: an organization Innovation and continue that has developed the capacity to continuously learn, adopt, and change. change/ technological Conflict management: development Time management: Knowledge management/ Technological development knowledge organization Stress management: Home based employment and temporary employment Ethics: rules and principles that define right and wrong conduct. Different views: Utilitarian view of ethics: a view of ethics that says that ethical decisions are made solely on the basis of their outcomes or consequences. Rights view of ethics: a view of ethics that is concerned with respecting and protecting individual liberties and privileges Justice view of ethics: a view of ethics in which managers impose and enforce rules fairly and impartially and do so by following all legal rules and regulations. Code of ethics: a formal statement of an organization’s primary values and ethical rules it expect its employees to follow. Some code of conducts The global compact view of ethics Comply with safety, health and security Principal 1: support and respect the protection regulations of international human rights within their sphere Demonstrate courtesy, respect, honesty and of influence fairness Principal 2: make sure Business Corporation are Illegal drugs and alcohol at work are not complicit in human right abuses prohibited Principal 3: freedom of association and effective Manage personal finance well recognition of the right to collective bargaining Exhibit good attendance and punctuality Principal 4: the elimination of all forms of forced Follow directives of supervisors and compulsory labor Do not use abusive language Principal 5: the effective abolition of child labor Dress in business attire Principal 6: the elimination of discrimination in Firearms at wok are prohibited respect of employment and occupation Bribes are prohibited Principal 7: support a precautionary approach to Avoid outside activities that impair duties environmental challenges Maintain confidentiality of records Principal 8: undertake initiatives to promote Comply with all accounting rules and greater environmental responsibility controls Principal 9: encourage the development and Do not use company benefit for personal use diffusion of environmentally friendly Do not propagate false or misleading technologies information
- 2. This class note is prepared by Dr. Dhruba Gautam (www.dhrubagautam@yahoo.com) for MBA students of DAV college, (2011 Batch) Kathmandu. Make decisions without regard for personal The formation of individual ethics: gain Family influences Convey true claims in product advertisement Situational factors Provide products and services of the highest Values and morals quality Experiences Perform assigned duties to the best of your Peer influences ability Education / learning Organizational change: any alterations in people, structure, or technology Types of change:/ areas of Forces of change: organizational change External forces: market place, government laws and regulations, technology, labor markets, economic changes Structural change: work Internal forces: strategy, workforce, equipment, employee specialization, attitudes departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, The change process: centralization, formalization, job Unfreezing redesign, reporting relationship, Changing coordination mechanism, Refreezing authority distribution, etc. Steps in change process Technology change: work Recognition of the need of change processes, methods, equipment, Establishment of goals for the change work sequences, information Diagnosis of relevant variables system, control system, etc. Selection of appropriate change techniques People change: attitudes, Planning for implementation of change expectations, perceptions, Actual implementation behavior, ability and skills, Evaluation and follow up performance, values etc. Organizational development: techniques or programs to change people and the nature and quality of interpersonal work relationships. Some natures are: planned, organization wide, managed from top, increase organizational effectiveness, planned interventions, long-term etc. Organizational People resist changing because: development techniques: Fear of unknown Belief that change is not good for the organization Sensitivity training Fear of losing something of value Team building Intergroup development Managerial actions to reduce resistance to change: Process consultation Educate and communicate Survey feedback Participation Education Facilitation and support Coaching and counseling Negotiation Manipulation and cooptation Coercion