Data and Data collection
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This document discusses data collection methods for research. It identifies the main types of data as tests scores, descriptions, conversations, or interviews. Common data collection procedures include observation, questionnaires, interviews, and tests. The document notes that the type of data collection depends on factors like the research design and problem. Procedures can vary in their degree of explicitness, from open and informal to highly structured. Developing good data collection requires converting variables into measurable units, selecting appropriate investigation procedures, piloting the instruments, and revising based on piloting. The key aspects are assuring reliability, validity, and quality of the data collection process.
Data and Data collection
- 1. Data and Data Collection Determing what constitute data Steps 1.- To arrive at a clear, precise and exact of the variables of the study. 2.- The researcher needs to operationalize the variables, that is identify specific behaviors which could provide acceptable evidence for describe them 3.- The data occur in different forms such as tests scores, descriptions, conversations or interviews. Procedures for collecting data Observation The main use of observations is for examing a phenomenom or a behavior while it is going on. Questionnaires They are self-administered and can be given to a large groups of subjects at the same time. Interviews The purpose of the interview is to obtain information by actually talking to the subject. Tests A test is a procedure used to collect data on subjects´ ability or knowledge of certain disciplines Verbal reporting The procedure is that learners can provide insightful information on how learn and function in the second language in second language acquisiton field. Three main techniques for eliciting verbal reports Thinking aloud Introspection Retrospection Criteria for Selection It depends on whether the researcher is synthetic or heuristic, analytic or deductive since the type of data is usually related to the design of the research and the nature of the research problem . By procedures of a low degree of explicitness is often done by means of open and informal procedures which tend to be used simultaneously. By means of procedures of a high degree of explicitness involves the use of "formal" and structured types of data collections procedures which determine in advance the specific focus of the data that will be sought. The Data Collection Parameter The main future is the degree of explicitness of the data collection procedure. The broad and general procedures can be considered to be of a low degree of explcitness, while the structured procedures can be considered of a high degree of explicitness Assuring the quality of the data and the data collection procedures Reliability It provides information whether the data collection procedure is consistent and accurate. Validity It refers to the extent to which the data collection procedure measures what it intends to measure. Developing Data Collection Procedures 1.- Converting complex, abstract variables into measurable ones 2.- Converting the behaviors into interpretable information 3.- Selecting procedures for investigating behaviors 4.- Putting the instrument together 5.- Piloting and trying out the instrument 6.- Revising the instrument and use it Data and Data Collection.mmap - 03/11/2014 - Mindjet