Data Science syllabus iqra universi .pdf

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Data Science with Python
Module 1: Introduction to Data Science
• Selecting rows/observations
• Rounding Number
• Selecting columns/fields
• Merging data
• Data aggregation
• Data munging techniques
Hands-on-Exercise:
• As you gain experience with CSV and JSON files, you’ll be able to process almost any data you want
to analyze.
• Most online data sets can be downloaded in either or both of these From working with these
formats, you’ll be able to learn other data formats as well.
Module 2: Introduction to Python
• What is Python?
• Why Python?
• Installing Python
• Python IDEs
• Jupyter Notebook Overview

Hands-on-Exercise:
• Installing Python idle for windows,Linux and
• Creating “Hello World” code
Module 3: Python Basics
• Python Basic Data types
• Lists
• Slicing
• IF statements
• Loops
• Dictionaries
• Tuples
• Functions
• Array
• Selection by position & Labels
Hands-on-Exercise-Constructing Operators
• Practice and Quickly learn Python necessary skills by solving simple questions and problems.
• how Python uses indentation to structure a program, and how to avoid some common indentation
errors.
• You executed to make simple numerical lists, as well as a few operations you can perform on
numerical lists, tuple, dictionary and set
Module 4: Python Packages
• Pandas
• Numpy
• Sci-kit Learn
• Mat-plot library
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Installing jupyter notebook for windows, Linux and Installing numpy, pandas and matplotlib

Module 5: Importing Data
• Reading CSV files
• Saving in Python data
• Loading Python data objects
• Writing data to CSV file
Hands-on-Exercise:
• To generate data sets and create visualizations of that data. You learned to create simple plots with
matplotlib, and you saw how to use a scatter plot to explore random
• You learned to create a histogram with Pygal and how to use a histogram to explore the results of
rolling dice of different
• Generating your own data sets with code is an interesting and powerful way to model and explore a
wide variety of real-world
• As you continue to work through the data visualization projects that follow, keep an eye out for
situations you might be able to model with
Module 6: Manipulating Data
• Selecting rows/observations
• Rounding Number
• Selecting columns/fields
• Merging data
• Data aggregation
• Data munging techniques
Hands-on-Exercise:
• As you gain experience with CSV and JSON files, you’ll be able to process almost any data you want
to analyze.
• Most online data sets can be downloaded in either or both of these From working with these
formats, you’ll be able to learn other data formats as well.

Module 7: Statistics Basics
• Central Tendency
o Mean
o Median
o Mode
o Skewness
o Normal Distribution
• Probability Basics
o What does it mean by probability?
o Types of Probability
o ODDS Ratio?
• Standard Deviation
o Data deviation & distribution
o Variance
• Bias variance Tradeoff
o Underfitting
o Overfitting
• Distance metrics
o Euclidean Distance
o Manhattan Distance
• Outlier analysis
o What is an Outlier?
o Inter Quartile Range
o Box & whisker plot
o Upper Whisker
o Lower Whisker
o Scatter plot
o Cook’s Distance
• Missing Value treatment
o What is NA?
o Central Imputation
o KNN imputation
o Dummification
• Correlation

o Pearson correlation
o positive & Negative correlation
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Compute probability in a situation where there are equally-likely outcomes
• Apply concepts to cards and dice
• Compute the probability of two independent events both occurring
• Compute the probability of either of two independent events occurring
• Do problems that involve conditional probabilities
• Calculate the probability of two independent events occurring
• List all permutations and combinations
• Apply formulas for permutations and combinations
Module 8: Error Metrics
• Classification
o Confusion Matrix
o Precision
o Recall
o Specificity
o F1 Score
• Regression
o MSE
o RMSE
o MAPE
Hands-on-Exercise:
• State why the z’ transformation is necessary
• Compute the standard error of z
• Compute a confidence interval on ρ The computation of a confidence interval
• Estimate the population proportion from sample proportions
• Apply the correction for continuity

Machine Learning
Module 1: Supervised Learning
• Linear Regression
o Linear Equation
o Slope
o Intercept
o R square value
• Logistic regression
o ODDS ratio
o Probability of success
o Probability of failure Bias Variance Tradeoff
o ROC curve
o Bias Variance Tradeoff
Hands-on-Exercise:
• we've reviewed the main ways to approach the problem of modeling data using simple and definite
Module 2: Unsupervised Learning
• K-Means
• K-Means ++
• Hierarchical Clustering
Module 3: SVM
• Support Vectors
• Hyperplanes
• 2-D Case
• Linear Hyperplane
Module 4: SVM Kernal
• Linear

• Radial
• polynomial
Module 5: Other Machine Learning Algorithms
• K – Nearest Neighbour
• Naïve Bayes Classifier
• Decision Tree – CART
• Decision Tree – C50
• Random Forest
Hands-on-Exercise:
• We have covered the simplest but still very practical machine learning models in an eminently
practical way to get us started on the complexity
• where we will cover several regression techniques, it will be time to go and solve a new type of
problem that we have not worked on, even if it's possible to solve the problem with clustering
methods (regression), using new mathematical tools for approximating unknown values.
• In it, we will model past data using mathematical functions, and try to model new output based on
those modeling
Artificial Intelligence
Module 1: AI Introduction
• Perceptron
• Multi-Layer perceptron
• Markov Decision Process
• Logical Agent & First Order Logic
• AL Applications
Deep Learning
Module 1: Deep Learning Algorithms
• CNN – Convolutional Neural Network

• RNN – Recurrent Neural Network
• ANN – Artificial Neural Network
Hands-on-Exercise:
• We took a very important step towards solving complex problems together by means of
implementing our first neural
• Now, the following architectures will have familiar elements, and we will be able to extrapolate the
knowledge acquired on this chapter, to novel
Module 2: Introduction to NLP
• Text Pre-processing
• Noise Removal
• Lexicon Normalization
• Lemmatization
• Stemming
• Object Standardization
Module 3: Text to Features(Feature Engineering)
• Syntactical Parsing
• Dependency Grammar
• Part of Speech Tagging
• Entity Parsing
• Named Entity Recognition
• Topic Modelling
• N-Grams
• TF – IDF
• Frequency / Density Features
• Word Embedding’s
Module 4: Tasks of NLP
• Text Classification
• Text Matching

• Levenshtein Distance
• Phonetic Matching
• Flexible String Matching
Hands-on-Exercise:
• provided, you will even be able to create new customized
• As our models won't be enough to solve very complex problems, in the following chapter, our scope
will expand even more, adding the important dimension of time to the set of elements included in
our generalization.
Tableau
Module 1: Tableau Course Material
• Start Page
• Show Me
• Connecting to Excel Files
• Connecting to Text Files
• Connect to Microsoft SQL Server
• Connecting to Microsoft Analysis Services
• Creating and Removing Hierarchies
• Bins
• Joining Tables
• Data Blending
Module 2: Learn Tableau Basic Reports
• arameters
• Grouping Example 1
• Grouping Example 2
• Edit Groups
• Set
• Combined Sets
• Creating a First Report
• Data Labels

• Create Folders
• Sorting Data
• Add Totals, Subtotals and Grand Totals to Report
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Install Tableau Desktop
• Connect Tableau to various Datasets: Excel and CSV files
Module 3: Learn Tableau Charts
• Area Chart
• Bar Chart
• Box Plot
• Bubble Chart
• Bump Chart
• Bullet Graph
• Circle Views
• Dual Combination Chart
• Dual Lines Chart
• Funnel Chart
• Traditional Funnel Charts
• Gantt Chart
• Grouped Bar or Side by Side Bars Chart
• Heatmap
• Highlight Table
• Histogram
• Cumulative Histogram
• Line Chart
• Lollipop Chart
• Pareto Chart
• Pie Chart
• Scatter Plot
• Stacked Bar Chart
• Text Label

• Tree Map
• Word Cloud
• Waterfall Chart
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Create and use Static Sets
• Create and use Dynamic Sets
• Combine Sets into more Sets
• Use Sets as filters
• Create Sets via Formulas
• Control Sets with Parameters
• Control Reference Lines with Parameters
Module 4: Learn Tableau Advanced Reports
• Dual Axis Reports
• Blended Axis
• Individual Axis
• Add Reference Lines
• Reference Bands
• Reference Distributions
• Basic Maps
• Symbol Map
• Use Google Maps
• Mapbox Maps as a Background Map
• WMS Server Map as a Background Map
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Create Barcharts
• Create Area Charts
• Create Maps
• Create Interactive Dashboards
• Create Storylines
• Understand Types of Joins and how they work

• Work with Data Blending in Tableau
• Create Table Calculations
• Work with Parameters
• Create Dual Axis Charts
• Create Calculated Fields
Module 5: Learn Tableau Calculations & Filters
• Calculated Fields
• Basic Approach to Calculate Rank
• Advanced Approach to Calculate Ra
• Calculating Running Total
• Filters Introduction
• Quick Filters
• Filters on Dimensions
• Conditional Filters
• Top and Bottom Filters
• Filters on Measures
• Context Filters
• Slicing Fliters
• Data Source Filters
• Extract Filters
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Creating Data Extracts in Tableau
• Understand Aggregation, Granularity, and Level of Detail
• Adding Filters and Quick Filters
Module 6: Learn Tableau Dashboards
• Create a Dashboard
• Format Dashboard Layout
• Create a Device Preview of a Dashboard
• Create Filters on Dashboard
• Dashboard Objects

• Create a Story
Module 7: Server
• Tableau online.
• Overview of Tableau
• Publishing Tableau objects and scheduling/subscription.
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Create Data Hierarchies
• Adding Actions to Dashboards (filters & highlighting)
• Assigning Geographical Roles to Data Elements
• Advanced Data Preparation
SQL
Introduction to Database
• List the features of Oracle Database 11g
• Discuss the basic design, theoretical, and physical aspects of a relational database
• Categorize the different types of SQL statements
• Describe the data set used by the course
• Log on to the database using SQL Developer environment
• Save queries to files and use script files in SQL Developer
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Prepare your environment
• Work with Oracle database tools
• Understand and work with language features
Retrieve Data using the SQL SELECT Statement
• List the capabilities of SQL SELECT statements
• Generate a report of data from the output of a basic SELECT statement
• Select All Columns

• Select Specific Columns
• Use Column Heading Defaults
• Use Arithmetic Operators
• Understand Operator Precedence
• Learn the DESCRIBE command to display the table structure
Hands-on-Exercise
• Individual statements in SQL scripts are commonly terminated by a line break (or carriage return)
and a forward slash on the next line, instead of a semicolon.
• You can create a SELECT statement, terminate it with a line break, include a forward slash to
execute the statement, and save it in a script file.
Learn to Restrict and Sort Data
• Write queries that contain a WHERE clause to limit the output retrieved
• List the comparison operators and logical operators that are used in a WHERE clause
• Describe the rules of precedence for comparison and logical operators
• Use character string literals in the WHERE clause
• Write queries that contain an ORDER BY clause to sort the output of a SELECT statement
• Sort output in descending and ascending order
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Creating the queries in a compound query must return the same number of columns.
• Create corresponding columns in each query must be of compatible data types.
• ORDER BY; it is, however, permissible to place a single ORDER BY clause at the end of the compound
query
Usage of Single-Row Functions to Customize Output
• Describe the differences between single row and multiple row functions
• Manipulate strings with character function in the SELECT and WHERE clauses
• Manipulate numbers with the ROUND, TRUNC, and MOD functions
• Perform arithmetic with date data
• Manipulate dates with the DATE functions

Hands-on-Exercise:
• Create the distinction is made between single- row functions, which execute once for each
• row in a dataset, and multiple-row functions, which execute once for all the rows in a dataset.
Invoke Conversion Functions and Conditional Expressions
• Describe implicit and explicit data type conversion
• Use the TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER, and TO_DATE conversion functions
• Nest multiple functions
• Apply the NVL, NULLIF, and COALESCE functions to data
• Use conditional IF THEN ELSE logic in a SELECT
Hands-on-Exercise:
• we create and discuss the NVL function, which provides a mechanism to convert null values into
more arithmetic-friendly data values.
Aggregate Data Using the Group Functions
• Use the aggregation functions in SELECT statements to produce meaningful reports
• Divide the data into groups by using the GROUP BY clause
• Exclude groups of date by using the HAVING clause
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Group functions operate on aggregated data and return a single result per group.
• These groups usually consist of zero or more rows of data.
Display Data from Multiple Tables Using Joins
• Write SELECT statements to access data from more than one table
• View data that generally does not meet a join condition by using outer joins
• Join a table by using a self-join

Use Subqueries to Solve Queries
• Describe the types of problem that subqueries can solve
• Define sub-queries
• List the types of sub-queries
Hands-on-Exercise:
• Write a query that uses subqueries in the column projection list.
• Write single-row and multiple-row subqueries
The SET Operators
• Describe the SET operators
• Use a SET operator to combine multiple queries into a single query
• Control the order of rows returned
Hands-on-exercise:
• Create The queries in the compound query must return the same number of columns.
• creating The corresponding columns must be of compatible data type.
• creating The set operators have equal precedence and will be applied in the order they are
specified.
Data Manipulation Statements
• Describe each DML statement
• Insert rows into a table
• Change rows in a table by the UPDATE statement
• Delete rows from a table with the DELETE statement
• Save and discard changes with the COMMIT and ROLLBACK statements
• Explain read consistency
Hands-on-exercise:
• Expressions and create expose a vista of data manipulation possibilities through the interaction of
arithmetic and character operators with column or literal data, or a combination of the two.

Use of DDL Statements to Create and Manage Tables
• Categorize the main database objects
• Review the table structure
• List the data types available for columns
• Create a simple table
• Decipher how constraints can be created at table creation
• Describe how schema objects work
Other Schema Objects
• Create a simple and complex view
• Retrieve data from views
• Create, maintain, and use sequences
• Create and maintain indexes
• Create private and public synonyms
Control User Access
• Differentiate system privileges from object privileges
• Create Users
• Grant System Privileges
• Create and Grant Privileges to a Role
• Change Your Password
• Grant Object Privileges
• How to pass on privileges?
• Revoke Object Privileges
Hands-on-exercise:
• create users and execute the
Management of Schema Objects
• Add, Modify and Drop a Column
• Add, Drop and Defer a Constraint

• How to enable and Disable a Constraint?
• Create and Remove Indexes
• Create a Function-Based Index
• Perform Flashback Operations
• Create an External Table by Using ORACLE_LOADER and by Using ORACLE_DATAPUMP
• Query External Tables
Hands-on-exercise:
• Create the function based index and types.
Manage Objects with Data Dictionary Views
• Explain the data dictionary
• Use the Dictionary Views
• USER_OBJECTS and ALL_OBJECTS Views
• Table and Column Information
• Query the dictionary views for constraint information
• Query the dictionary views for view, sequence, index, and synonym information
• Add a comment to a table
• Query the dictionary views for comment information
Manipulate Large Data Sets
• Use Subqueries to Manipulate Data
• Retrieve Data Using a Subquery as Source
• Insert Using a Subquery as a Target
• Usage of the WITH CHECK OPTION Keyword on DML Statements
• List the types of Multitable INSERT Statements
• Use Multitable INSERT Statements
• Merge rows in a table
• Track Changes in Data over a period of time
Data Management in Different Time Zones
• Time Zones

• CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, and LOCALTIMESTAMP
• Compare Date and Time in a Session’s Time Zone
• DBTIMEZONE and SESSIONTIMEZONE
• Difference between DATE and TIMESTAMP
• INTERVAL Data Types
• Use EXTRACT, TZ_OFFSET, and FROM_TZ
• Invoke TO_TIMESTAMP, TO_YMINTERVAL and TO_DSINTERVAL
Retrieve Data Using Sub-queries
• Multiple-Column Subqueries
• Pairwise and Non Pairwise Comparison
• Scalar Subquery Expressions
• Solve problems with Correlated Subqueries
• Update and Delete Rows Using Correlated Subqueries
• The EXISTS and NOT EXISTS operators
• Invoke the WITH clause
• The Recursive WITH clause
Regular Expression Support
• Use the Regular Expressions Functions and Conditions in SQL
• Use Meta Characters with Regular Expressions
• Perform a Basic Search using the REGEXP_LIKE function
• Find patterns using the REGEXP_INSTR function
• Extract Substrings using the REGEXP_SUBSTR function
• Replace Patterns Using the REGEXP_REPLACE function
• Usage of Sub-Expressions with Regular Expression Support
• Implement the REGEXP_COUNT function
Hands-on-exercise:
• Expressions and create the regular columns may be aliased using the AS keyword or by leaving a
space between the column or expression and the alias. In this way, both wildcard symbols can be
used as either specialized or regular characters in different segments of the same character string.

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