DBMS CH-1.ppsx .........................

Dept. of Computer Engineering LJ Polytechnic
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
TO
DATABASE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE SYSTEM
SYLLABUS
Concept of Database Management System
Basic Terms Of Database
Data v/s Information
Data Administrator (DA)
Database Administrator (DBA)
File-oriented system
Database Management System

Concept of Database Management System
DBMS contains information about a particular enterprise.
1. Collection of interrelated data
2. Set of programs to access the data
3. An environment that is both convenient and efficient
to use
Database Applications:
1. Banking: All Transactions
2. Airlines: Reservations, Schedules
3. Universities: Registration, Grades
4. Sales: Customers, Products, Purchases

 Drawbacks of using file systems to store data
1. Data redundancy and inconsistency
2. Difficulty in accessing data
3. Data isolation
4. Integrity problems
Concept of Database Management System

Basic Terms of Database
 DATABASE: A database can be defined as a collection of
coherent meaningful data and related information that
is designed to meet the needs of and organization.
Or
 Database is a collection of inter-related data.
 DATABASE SYSTEM: An integrated set of programs used to
create and maintain the database.
 Data: Data are row or isolated facts from which required
information is produced.
 INFORMATION: It is processed, organized or summarized
data.

Basic Terms of Database
 DATA WAREHOUSE: It is a collection of data designed to
support management in decision-making process.
METADATA: A metadata (also called data dictionary) is
the data about data.
 DATA ITEM/FIELD: A data item is the smallest unit of
data that has meaning to its user. It is traditionally called
a field.
 RECORDS: It is a collection of logically related fields or
data items.
 FILES: A file is a collection of related sequence of
records.

Data V/S Information
Data Information
Data are the variables
which helps to develop
ideas/conclusions.
Information is the
meaningful of data.
Data are text and
numerical values.
Information is refined
form of actual data.
Data doesn’t rely on
Information.
While Information relies
on Data.

Operations Performed On Database
Create containers for database such as Tables,Files etc.
Insert new records into existing Table.
Modify or Update data in existing Table.
Remove or Delete data from existing Table.
Retriving data from existing Table.
Destroy containers for database such as Tables,Files etc.

Data Administrator (DA)
DA is more of a managerial person in the database
environment.
DA is involved in deciding what data will be included and
what data will be excluded in database.
DA is involved in strategic planning of the data with
reference to database as well as organization.
DA sets long term goals, set policies and standards for
managing data.

Database Administrator (DBA)
A Database Administrator is an individual person or group
of persons with an overview of one or more databases
who controls the design and use of the database.
DBA should be a technical person who implements policy
decisions of databases.
DBA is responsible for overall control of the system at
technical level and unlike a DA.

Functions and Responsibilities of DBAs
Defining conceptual schema and database creation
Storage structure and access method definition
Granting authorization to users
Physical organization modification
Routine Maintenance
Job Monitoring

File-oriented System
 A File-oriented System is a DBMS that allows access to
single files or tables at a time.
 In a File-oriented System, data is directly stored in set of
files. It contains flat files that have no relation to other
files.

Advantage of File-oriented system
Back-up
Compactness
Data Retrieval
Editing
Remote Access
Sharing

Disadvantage of File-oriented system
Data Redundancy
Data Inconsistency
Difficulty in Accessing Data
Limited Data Sharing
Integrity Problems
Security Problems

Database Management System
 Database Management System (DBMS) is a application
software that allows users to efficiently define, create,
maintain and share databases.
 Defining a database involves specifying the data types,
structures and constraints of the data to be stored in the
database.
 Creating a database involves storing the data on some
storage medium that is controlled by DBMS.

Advantage of DBMS
Minimal Data Redundancy
Improved Data Inconsistency
Efficient Data Access
Improved Data Sharing
Improved Data Integrity
Improved Security

Disadvantage of DBMS
High cost
Specialized Manpower
Security Risks
Increased Complexity
Need of Explicit Backup and Recovery

Thank You

DBMS CH-1.ppsx .........................

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