The document discusses Domain-Driven Design (DDD) and Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) and how they help reduce translation costs. It notes that having different languages used by domain experts and technical teams can cause problems. Both DDD and BDD aim to develop a shared "ubiquitous language" to facilitate conversations and ensure the technical solution matches the business needs. DDD uses domain models in code while BDD uses scenarios to represent the domain model and check features help rather than harm businesses.