Decision making 2016
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The document provides a comprehensive guide to decision-making in the workplace, outlining definitions, types of decisions, and the decision-making process. It highlights the qualities of effective decision makers, decision-making philosophies, and strategies for managing competing demands and emotions. Additional sections discuss decision-making in crisis situations, techniques for effective group decisions, and practical tips for everyday decision-making.
Decision making 2016
- 1. All you need to know about… DECISION-MAKING IN THE WORKPLACE London HR and Training 2016
- 3. Intro - London HR and Training • London HR and Training is a specialist human resources and training consultancy headed by Timothy Holden • 10 years in banking • 20 years in training and human resources • Business owner since 2007 • The core services provided by London HR and Training are: - Reducing costs and saving time through bespoke HR initiatives and projects - Training course design and delivery - Services for job seekers Page 3
- 4. Contents 5-6 Definitions 7-9 Types of decision 10-11 Steps in the decision-making process 12-13 Qualities of effective decision makers 14-15 Decision-making philosophies 16-17 Making a decision in a crisis 18-19 Behaviour change and decision-making 20-22 Themes relating to emotional impact on decision-making 23-24 Nudging oneself to allow for risk and uncertainty 25-27 Think about objectives and opinions 28-29 Rational decision-making 30-31 Ways to make decisions by groups 32-35 Techniques to make good decisions 36-37 Solutions that seek to insulate the decision process from the emotion 38-40 I used to be indecisive…but I’m not so sure anymore 41-42 Strategies to manage competing demands 43-44 Making everyday decisions 45-46 Decision-making tips 47-48 Exercise 49-50 To sum up…
- 6. Definitions • Decision making • Intuition • Analytical skill • A good decision • A poor decision Page 6
- 8. Types of decision 1 of 2 • Decision by authority without group discussion • Decision by expert • Decision by averaging individuals’ opinions • Decision by authority after group discussion Page 8
- 9. Types of decision 2 of 2 • Decision by minority • Decision by majority vote • Decision by consensus Page 9
- 10. Steps in the decision-making process
- 11. Steps in the decision-making process • Identify the decision to be made • Know yourself • Gather information • Develop and evaluate options • Select an option • Develop a plan to implement the option Page 11
- 12. Qualities of effective decision makers
- 13. Qualities of effective decision makers • Commitment • Personal standards • Values and priorities • Personal accountability • Adaptability • Forward thinking Page 13
- 15. Decision-making philosophies • Decision analysis • Heuristics and biases • Going with your gut Page 15
- 16. Making a decision in a crisis
- 17. Making a decision in a crisis • What is the true risk to the organisation that is posed by this crisis? • What decisions will I need to make? • What information will I need to make decisions? • How will I implement these decisions? Page 17
- 19. Behaviour change and decision-making • Pre-contemplation • Contemplation • Preparation • Action • Maintenance Page 19
- 20. Themes relating to emotional impact on decision-making
- 21. Themes relating to emotional impact on decision-making 1 of 2 • Integral emotions influence decision making • Incidental emotions influence decision making • Several dimensions shape emotions’ influence on decision making • Emotions shape decisions via the content of thought Page 21
- 22. Themes relating to emotional impact on decision-making 2 of 2 • Emotions shape decisions via the depth of thought • Emotions shape decisions via goal activation • Emotions influence interpersonal decision making • Unwanted effects of emotion on decision making can be reduced Page 22
- 23. Nudging oneself to allow for risk and uncertainty
- 24. Nudging oneself to allow for risk and uncertainty • Make three estimates • Think twice • Use pre-mortems • Take an outside view Page 24
- 25. Think about objectives and options
- 26. Think about objectives and options 1 of 2 Objectives • Seek advice • Cycle through the objectives Page 26
- 27. Think about objectives and options 2 of 2 Options • Use joint evaluation • Try the vanishing options test Page 27
- 29. Rational decision-making Page 29 Identify (define) the problem Define optimal solutions Evaluate optimal solutions carefully Select the best solution and implement it Evaluate and adjust the solution
- 30. Ways to make decisions by groups
- 31. Ways to make decision by groups • Silence the leader • ‘Prime’ critical thinking • Reward group success • Appoint a devil’s advocate • Establish contrarian teams • Assign roles • The Delphi method Page 31
- 32. Techniques to make good decisions
- 33. Techniques to make good decisions 1 of 3 • Avoid the temptation to make an impulsive decision in order to get the work of decision-making • Take the time to think things over, but don’t use this as an excuse to avoid • Over-focusing on making the ‘right’ decision can leave you stuck • Use your head Page 33
- 34. Techniques to make good decisions 2 of 3 • Listen to yourself • Take some time to consider what you think will happen • Consider how each of your possible decisions might impact the people involved • Pay attention to how you will feel about yourself Page 34
- 35. Techniques to make good decisions 3 of 3 • Ask yourself if your decision is ethical • Talk it out • Make it your own • Learn from your experience • Give yourself a break Page 35
- 36. Solutions that seek to insulate the decision process from the emotion
- 37. Solutions that seek to insulate the decision process from the emotion • Increasing cognitive effort through financial incentives • Crowding out emotion • Increasing awareness of misattribution • Choice architecture Page 37
- 38. I used to be indecisive…but I’m not so sure anymore
- 39. I used to be indecisive…but I’m not so sure anymore 1 of 2 • The thinker • The researcher • The worry wart • The escapist Page 39
- 40. I used to be indecisive…but I’m not so sure anymore 2 of 2 • Results of indecision • Breaking out of the indecision trap Page 40
- 41. Strategies to manage competing demands
- 42. Strategies to manage competing demands • Accepting • Accommodating • Differentiating • Integrating Page 42
- 44. Making everyday decisions • Pick a number • Make a needs list • Make a pros and cons list • Flip a coin • Follow the crowd • Focus on the result Page 44
- 46. Decision-making tips • Take necessary time • Be sensitive to timing • Write it down • Avoid allowing decision to stack up • Look for a good decision • Involve others • Commit to it • Be confident • Listen to facts and feelings Page 46
- 47. Exercise
- 48. Exercise Page 48
- 49. To sum up…
- 50. To sum up… • Conclusion • Summary • Videos • Useful links Page 50