Definitions for Different types of Diseases
- 1. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna DISEASES 1. Pancreatitis : Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas . It happens when digestive enzymes start digesting the pancreas itself . Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic . Either form is serious and can lead to complications . Acute pancreatitis occurs suddenly and usually goes away in a few days with treatment. 2. Migraine : Migraine is a neurological condition that can cause multiple symptoms. It's frequently characterized by intense, debilitating headaches. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, difficulty speaking, numbness or tingling, and sensitivity to light and sound. Migraines often run in families and affect all ages. 3. Spondylitis : Spondylitis means inflammation in your spinal bones, or vertebrae. Severe cases can leave your spine hunched. All types of spondylitis cause painand inflammation (swelling and redness). The most common symptom is lower back pain. Other signs and symptoms may depend on the kind of spondylitis you have. 4. Diabetes : Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to make insulin, or when the body cannot make good use of the insulin it produces . Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas, that acts like a key to let glucose from the food we eat pass from the blood stream into the cells in the body to produce energy. 5. Hypertension : High blood pressure is a common condition in which the long - term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease. Blood pressure is determined both by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries.
- 2. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 6. Hypotension : Low blood pressure might seem desirable, and for some people, it causes no problems. However, for many people, abnormally low blood pressure (hypotension) can cause dizziness and fainting. In severe cases, low blood pressure can be life threatening. 7. Obesity : Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat. Obesity isn't just a cosmetic concern. It is a medical problem that increases your risk of other diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and certain cancers . 8. Hyperthyroidism : Hyperthyroidism (overactive e thyroid) occurs when your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism can accelerate your body's metabolism, causing unintentional weight loss and a rapid or irregular heartbeat. 9. Hypothyroidism : Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is not able to produce enough thyroid hormone. Since the main purpose of thyroid hormone is to "run the body's metabolism," it is understandable that people with this condition will have symptoms associated with a slow metabolism. 10. Uric Acid : Uric acid is a waste byproduct. It's formed when your body breaks down purines, which are found in some foods. Purines show up when cells die and get taken apart. Most of the uric acid leaves your body when you pee, and some when you poop.If you have high levels of uric acid, it can be a sign of disease such as gout. 11. Bronchitis : Bronchitis is when the tubes that carry air to your lungs, called the bronchial tubes, get inflamed and swollen. You end up with a nagging cough and mucus. There are two types: Acute bronchitis and Chronic bronchitis.
- 3. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 12. Arthritis : Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints . It can affect one joint or multiple joints. There are more than 100 different types of arthritis, with different causes and treatment methods . Two of the most common types are osteoarthritis ( OA ) and rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) . 13. Urticaria : Urticaria, also known as hives, is an outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques (wheals) on the skin that appear suddenly - either as a result of the body's reaction to certain allergens, or for unknown reasons. 14. Eczema : Eczema is a condition wherein patches of skin become inflamed, itchy, cracked, and rough. Some types can also cause blisters . 15. Acne : Acne is a skin condition that occurs when your hair follicles become plugged with oil and dead skin cells. It causes whiteheads, blackheads or pimples. Acne is most common among teenagers, though it affects people of all ages. 16. Sleep Apnea : Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts . If you snore loudly and feel tired even after a full night's sleep , you might have sleep apnea . 17. Insomnia : Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling and / or staying asleep. The condition can be short term ( acute ) or can last a long time ( chronic ). It may also come and go. Acute insomnia lasts from 1 night to a few weeks. Insomnia is chronic when it happens at least 3 nights a week for 3 months or more . 18. Cataracts : A cataract is a clouding of the eye's lens , the clear , oval - shaped structure
- 4. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna that rests behind the pupil inside every eye . Most cataracts occur as a result of getting older , usually sometime after age 40. As we age , the proteins that help make up the lens can start to clump together , which causes the clouding . 19. Anovulation : Anovulation is when the ovaries do not release an oocyte during a menstrual cycle. Therefore, ovulation does not take place. However, a woman who does not ovulate at each menstrual cycle is not necessarily going through menopause. Chronic anovulation is a common cause of infertility . 20. Bartholin's Cyst : The Bartholin's ( BAHR toe - linz ) glands are located on each side of the vaginal opening. These glands secrete fluid that helps lubricate the vagina.Sometimes the openings of these glands become obstructed, causing fluid to back up into the gland. The result is relatively painless swelling called a Bartholin's cyst . 21. Bloating : Abdominal bloating occurs when the gastrointestinal ( Gl ) tract is filled with air or gas. Most people describe bloating as feeling full, tight, or swollen in the abdomen. Your abdomen may also be swollen ( distended ) hard, and painful. 22. Vulvitis : Vulvitis is inflammation of the vulva, the external female mammalian genitalia that include the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and introitus (the entrance to the vagina). It may co - occur as vulvovaginitis with vaginitis, inflammation of the vagina, and may have infectious or non infectious causes. 23. Unwanted Facial Hair : Excessive body or facial hair in women is due to higher - than - normal levels of androgens , including testosterone . All females produce androgens , but the levels typically remain low . Certain medical conditions can cause a woman to produce too many androgens . This can cause male - pattern hair growth and other male characteristics
- 5. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 24. Gastritis : Gastritis is an inflammation , irritation , or erosion of the lining of the stomach . It can occur suddenly ( acute ) or gradually ( chronic ) . 25.Pelvic Pain : The exact cause of pelvic pain may be hard to find. The severity of your pain and other symptoms you have may help determine what is causing the pain. For example: A condition, such as functional ovarian cysts, may cause pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding when you are not having your period. 26. PMS : Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of signs and symptoms, including mood swings, tender breasts, food cravings, fatigue, irritability and depression. It's estimated that as many as 3 of every 4 menstruating women have experienced some form of premenstrual syndrome. 27. Itching : Vaginal itching is an uncomfortable and sometimes painful symptom that often occurs due to irritating substances, infections, or menopause . 28. Unusual Discharge : Vaginal discharge is most often a normal and regular occurrence. However, there are certain types of discharge that can indicate an infection. Abnormal discharge may be yellow or green, chunky in consistency, or foul smelling. 29. PID : Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs. It most often occurs when sexually transmitted bacteria spread from your vagina to your uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. 30.Early Puberty : Puberty that happens early is called precocious puberty. This means that a child's physical signs of sexual maturity develop too soon. This includes breast growth, pubic hair, and voice changes. These are known as secondary sexual characteristics. Precocious puberty occurs before age 8 in girls, and before age 9 in boys.
- 6. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 31. Vaginal Atrophy : Vaginal atrophy (atrophic vaginitis) is thinning, drying and inflammation of the vaginal walls that may occur when your body has less estrogen. Vaginal atrophy occurs most often after menopause. 32. Fever : A fever is a body temperature that is higher than normal . A normal temperature can vary from person to person , but it is usually around 98.6 F. A fever is not a disease . It is usually a sign that your body is trying to fight an illness or infection . Infections cause most fevers . 33. COPD : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, commonly referred to as COPD, is a group of progressive lung diseases. The most common are emphysema and chron ic bronchitis. Many people with COPD have both of these conditions . 34. Kidney Stones : Your kidneys remove waste and fluid from your blood to make urine. Sometimes, when you have too much of certain wastes and not enough fluid in your blood, these wastes can build up and stick together in your kidneys. These clumps of waste are called kidney stones. 35. Gall Bladder Stones : Your gallbladder is a small organ below the liver in the upper right abdomen. It's a pouch that stores bile, a green yellow liquid that helps with digestion. Most gallstones form when there's too much unwanted cholesterol in the bile . 36. Hair Loss : Baldness typically refers to excessive hair loss from your scalp. Hereditary hair loss with age is the most common cause of baldness. Some people prefer to let their hair loss run its course untreated and unhidden. Others may cover it up with hairstyles , makeup, hats or scarves. Right nutrition can also help from hair loss in a dramatical way .
- 7. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 37. Colitis : Colitis is a chronic digestive disease characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the colon. Infection, loss of blood supply in the colon, Inflammatory Bowel Disease ( IBD ) and invasion of the colon wall with collagen or lymphocytic white blood cells are all possible causes of an inflamed colon . 38. Bipolar Disorder : Bipolar disorder, formerly called manic depression , is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood swings that include emotional highs ( mania or hypomania ) and lows (depression). 39. Fibromyalgia : Fibromyalgia is a disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue , sleep , memory and mood issues . Researchers believe that fibromyalgia amplifies painful sensations by affecting the way your brain processes pain signals. 40. Cough & Cold : Colds and the flu are the most common causes. While annoying, coughs that are " productive " get germy mucus out of your lungs when you're sick. Most will go away in a few days. After a cold, though, some " dry " coughs last weeks or months . 41. Hepatitis : Hepatitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the liver . It's commonly caused by a viral infection , but there are other possible causes of hepatitis. These include autoimmune hepatitis and hepatitis that occurs as a secondary result of medications, drugs, toxins, and alcohol . 42. Hysterectomy : A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a woman's uterus. The uterus, also known as the womb , is where a baby grows when a woman is pregnant. The uterine lining is the source of menstrual blood . 43. Oophorectomy : The term oophorectomy is used to describe the surgical removal of one or both
- 8. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna of the ovaries . It is also called ovariectomy . The surgery may just remove the ovaries , or it may be a part of a hysterectomy , which is the removal of the uterus and possibly some surrounding structures . 44. Rett Syndrome : It is a rare genetic neurological disorder that occurs almost exclusively in girls and leads to severe impairments , affecting nearly every aspect of the child's life : their ability to speak , walk , eat , and even breathe easily . The hallmark of Rett syndrome is near constant repetitive hand movements . 45. PMDD : Premenstrual dysphoric disorder ( PMDD ) is a health problem that is similar to premenstrual syndrome ( PMS ) but is more serious . PMDD causes severe irritability , depression , or anxiety in the week or two before your period starts . Symptoms usually go away two to three days after your period starts . 46. Fibroadenomas : Fibroadenomas ( fy - broe ad - uh - NO - muhz ) are solid , noncancerous breast lumps that occur most often in women between the ages of 15 and 35. A fibroadenoma might feel firm , smooth , rubbery or hard and has a well defined shape . 47. Breast Cancer : It is cancer that develops in breast cells. Typically, the cancer forms in either the lobules or the ducts of the breast. Lobules are the glands that produce milk, and ducts are the pathways that bring the milk from the glands to the nipple. Cancer can also occur in the fatty tissue or the fibrous connective tissue within your breast. 48. Vulvar Cancer : Vulvar cancer is when cancerous cells grow out of control on or in the vulva, the outer part of a woman's genitals. It's different from vaginal cancer, which starts inside the vagina. 49. Vaginal Cancer : It is a rare type of cancer that starts in the vagina. It accounts for about 1 percent by trusted Source of female genital cancers, estimates the National Cancer Institute.
- 9. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 50. Prostatitis : Prostatitis is swelling and inflammation of the prostate gland , a walnut sized gland situated directly below the bladder in men . The prostate gland produces fluid ( semen ) that nourishes and transports sperm . Prostatitis often causes painful or difficult urination . 51. Gynecomastia : Gynecomastia ( guy - nuh koh - MAS - tee - uh ) is an increase in the amount of breast gland tissue in boys or men, caused by an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and testosterone. Gynecomastia can affect one or both breasts , sometimes unevenly . 52. Low Testosterone : Testosterone is a sex hormone often associated with males , though females have small amounts . If a male has a low level of testosterone , the symptoms can include erectile dysfunction , and reduced bone mass and sex drive . 53. Testicular Cancer : Testicular cancer occurs in the testicles ( testes ), which are located inside the scrotum , a loose bag of skin underneath the penis. The testicles produce male sex hormones and sperm for reproduction. Compared with other types of cancer , testicular cancer is rare . 54. Balantitis : Balanitis is an inflammation of the glans, or the head, of the penis, due to infection or another cause. Balanitis can be uncomfortable and sometimes painful , but it is not usually serious. It can be relieved with topical medication . 55. Penile Cancer : Penile cancer , or cancer of the penis , is when cells grow out of control on or in a man's penis . It often starts in skin cells and can work its way inside . It's rare . But it can be treated , especially if it's found early on . 56. Varicose Veins : Varicose veins are enlarged, swollen, and twisting veins, often appearing blue or dark purple.They happen when faulty valves in the veins allow blood to flow in the
- 10. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna wrong direction or to pool . 57. Enlarged Prostate : Benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) - also called prostate gland enlargement - is a common condition as men get older . An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms , such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems . 58. Erectile Dyfunction : Erectile dysfunction ( ED ) is the inability to get or keep an erection firm enough to have sexual intercourse . It's sometimes referred to as impotence , although this term is now used less often . Occasional ED isn't uncommon . Many men experience it during times of stress . 59. Premature Ejaculation : Premature ejaculation (PE) is when ejaculation happen sooner than a man or his partner would like during sex. Occasional PE is also known as rapid ejaculation, premature climax or early ejaculation. PE might not be a cause for worry, but it can be frustrating if it makes sex less enjoyable. 60. GERD : This is a chronic disease that occurs when stomach acid or bile flows into the food pipe and irritates the lining . Acid reflux and heartburn more than twice a week may indicate GERD . Symptoms include burning pain in the chest that usually occurs after eating and worsens when lying down . 61. IBS : Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) is a common disorder that affects the large intestine . Signs and symptoms include cramping, abdominal pain, bloating , gas , and diarrhea or constipation, or both. IBS is a chronic condition. 62. Myopathy : Myopathy is a general term referring to any disease that affects the muscles that control voluntary movement in the body . Patients experience muscle weakness due to a dysfunction of the muscle fibers .
- 11. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 63. Constipation : Constipation occurs when a person has difficulty emptying the large bowel . Home remedies and lifestyle changes can often help resolve it . Constipation can happen for many reasons , such as when stool passes through the colon too slowly . 64. Excessive Sweating : Excessive sweating, or hyperhidrosis, can be a warning sign of thyroid problems , diabetes or infection. Excessive sweating is also more common in people who are overweight or out of shape . 65. Dandruff : Dandruff is a common condition that causes the skin on the scalp to flake. It is not contagious or serious. But it can be embarrassing and difficult to treat. Dandruff is considered to be a mild form of seborrheic dermatitis. In babies, seborrheic dermatitis is called cradle cap. 66. Alopecia Areata : Alopecia areata is a condition that causes hair to fall out in small patches , which can be unnoticeable. These patches may connect , however , and then become noticeable. The condition develops when the immune system attacks the hair follicles , resulting in hair loss. 67. Multiple Sclerosis : Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord ( central nervous system ) . In MS , the immune system attacks the protective sheath ( myelin ) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your brain and the rest of your body . 68. Depression : Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act. Fortunately, it is also treatable. Depression causes feelings of sadness and / or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems.
- 12. Definition of Diseases Jala Joshna 69. Parkinson Disease : Parkinson's disease is a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement . Symptoms start gradually , sometimes starting with a barely noticeable tremor in just one hand . Tremors are common , but the disorder also commonly causes stiffness or slowing of movement . 70. Sinusitis : Sinusitis is a common inflammation of the paranasal sinuses , the cavities that produce the mucus necessary for the nasal passages to work effectively . It can be acute or chronic, and it can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, allergies, or even an autoimmune reaction . 71. Anemia : Anemia is a condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body's tissues . Having anemia can make you feel tired and weak . There are many forms of anemia , each with its own cause . Anemia can be temporary or long term , and it can range from mild to severe . 72. Anorexia Nervosa : Anorexia nervosa - often simply called anorexia - is characterized by an abnormally low body weight, an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted perception of weight. People with anorexia place a high value on controlling their weight and shape, using extreme efforts that tend to significantly interfere with their lives. 73. Piles : Piles is another term for hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are collections of inflamed tissue in the anal canal. They contain blood vessels, support tissue, muscle, and elastic fibers.Many people have piles, but the symptoms are not always obvious. 74. Atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis is a condition where arteries narrow and harden due to plaque buildup, reducing blood flow and increasing risk of heart attack and stroke. Risk factors include high cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, and diabetes. Management involves lifestyle changes, medications, and controlling risk factors to slow disease progression.