Deploying your apps in the cloud - the options: an overview
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The document discusses various approaches to deploying applications in an OpenStack cloud, including manual, orchestrated, and cloud-native solutions. It evaluates different tools like Heat, Murano, and Magnum, weighing their pros, cons, and suitability for various deployment scenarios. The conclusion emphasizes the need to choose strategies based on specific needs, application requirements, and team skills.
Deploying your apps in the cloud - the options: an overview
- 2. Deploying Apps In An OpenStack Cloud Chris Ricker (chricker@cisco.com)
- 3. • Introduction • Overview • Heat and Murano • Magnum • Mantl and Shipped • Conclusion Agenda
- 4. 4
- 5. • Manual • Manual with config management • Orchestrated with config management (external) • Orchestrated within the cloud • Application catalog within the cloud • Containers within the cloud (external management) • Containers within cloud-native management • Microservices within the cloud Standard OpenStack Solutions 5
- 6. Which is the Right Solution? • What are your goals? • What is the application being deployed? • What are your team’s skill sets? • What SLAs are you trying to achieve? 6
- 7. • Pros • Flexibility • Speed of deployment (perhaps) • Cons • Limited SLAs • Potentially lengthy recovery • HA and load scaling done by sysadmin • Doesn’t scale in terms of delivery cycle time • Suitability • PoC / Demo • Shop without config management / automation skill sets Manual Solutions 7
- 8. • Pros • Speed of recovery • Cons • HA and load scaling done by sysadmin • Suitability • Reusing existing config management • Hybrid workloads • Production-level SLAs Orchestration With Config Management 8
- 9. • Pros • Leverage cloud-native scaling and HA • Speed of recovery • Cons • Uses its own templating / configuration management • Not as flexible as a dedicated config management program • Suitability • No need to integrate with existing CM / orchestration layer • Usable with apps in the traditional multi-tier enterprise to cloud-aware horizontally scaled parts of the app spectrum • Production-level SLAs Native OpenStack Orchestration (Heat) 9
- 10. • Pros • Speed of deployment • Speed of recovery • Cons • Lack of flexibility • Constrained by what is available in the catalog • Suitability • Apps deployed / managed by tenants • Highly defined workloads • Early adopters • Builds on top of Heat, so most of the statements about Heat apply Native OpenStack Application Catalog (Murano) 10
- 11. • Pros • Simplest approach to containers in a cloud • Cons • Multiple layers of resource abstraction • Complexity of management • Complexity of layered network stacks • Complexity of recovery • Suitability • Migrating existing containerized workloads • Externally supplied containers with specific requirements • Containerization PoC Containers In OpenStack VMs 11
- 12. • Pros • Native APIs • Simplified management • Speed of recovery • Cons • Uses own templating / configuration management • Complex resource abstraction • Suitability • Containers which fit Magnum model • Early adopters • Builds on top of Heat, so most of the statements about Heat apply Native OpenStack Containers (Magnum) 12
- 13. • Pros • Flexibility • Speed of development • Cloud-native scaling and HA • Cons • Many competing models • Many competing components • Suitability • Early adopters • Custom apps • Shops with extensive devops skillsets Microservices On OpenStack 13
- 14. Glenn Frey, wildly out of context 14
- 15. • OpenStack native service to orchestrate deployments • Templating language defines what to create • Stack is the resources defined in the template: • VMs, networks, subnets, routers, security groups, and other objects, defined and managed as a group • CLI and Horizon tools to “launch” templates to create stacks • Stack managed as a single object once created Heat Overview 15
- 16. • Choice of languages: • HOT – OpenStack native. Usually YAML • CFN – Compatible with AWS CloudFormation. Usually JSON • Structure: • Parameters: input accepted from the user (either CLI or Web UI) • Resources: definitions of all the objects created by that Heat template • Output: definition of what information about the stack should be reported to the user Heat Templating 16
- 17. • Auto-scaling • Configure consumption meters in Ceilometer • Respond to alarms from Ceilometer meters • Create / remove resources based on demand • Auto-recovery / HA / self-healing • Configure availability meters in Ceilometer • Respond to alarms from Ceilometer meters • Remove / create resources based on availability Complex Capabilities 17
- 18. • Heat resources can be any OpenStack object • Is the installed application on disk an OpenStack object? • Canned install baked in an image • Cloud-init script in the Heat template as a property of the launched VM instance • Heat template calling config management via cloud-init when launched Apps and Heat 18
- 19. Murano 19
- 20. • Application Catalog for OpenStack • Implemented using Heat • Extends Heat with packaging capabilities for the managed application • Agent-based • Murano-specific templating language defining the application install Murano Overview 20
- 22. Magnum 22
- 23. • OpenStack API and services for creating containers in OpenStack tenants • Implemented using Heat • Leverages Docker for container technology • Uses Kubernetes for orchestration Magnum Overview 23
- 24. • Magnum orchestrates (via Heat) deployment of initial images • Initial image launched is a VM running Docker Swarm / Kubernetes • Magnum orchestrates (via Heat) collections of VM instances: bays • Docker Swarm / Kubernetes orchestrate Docker containers inside bays • Magnum commands and API calls can be used to view and manage the containers Magnum Workflow 24
- 25. Magnum versus Kolla • Magnum: OpenStack API to instantiate container environments within OpenStack • Kolla: OpenStack project to deploy OpenStack itself, using Docker containers and Ansible orchestration • Kolla-Mesos: Deploying Kolla containers on a Mesos cluster 25
- 27. • Not OpenStack specific • Example framework for microservices on OpenStack • Terraform launches OpenStack VMs • Mesos functions as a cluster scheduler over the OpenStack VMs • Functions / services ride on the cluster: logging, Marathon, Consul, etcd • App(s) sit on the cluster as peers with the functions Mantl Overview 27
- 28. • Development and CI/CD framework on top of Mantl • Provides vagrant local development coupled with Drone for CD, a services catalog for selecting components, and Docker container for runtime execution, along with management interfaces • https://developer.cisco.com/site/shipped/ Project Shipped 28
- 29. Conclusions 29
- 30. Conclusions • Lots of native OpenStack approaches (and even more commercial options) • Pick the one(s) that fit your needs, applications, and skill sets • Use more than one and transition between them as circumstances change 30
- 31. Testing Options • VirtualBox Liberty Kolla VM at https://cisco.box.com/KollaCLBerlin2016 • Discussion communities on DevNet 31
- 32. Thank you