DESCRIPTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES IN PEAR
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This document describes and identifies various pear varieties. It discusses 3 distinct groups of pears - common/French/English pear (Pyrus communis), Chinese/Sand pear (Pyrus sinesis), and Oriental pear (Pyrus serotina and Pyrus pyrifolia). Several European varieties are then described in detail, including Bartlett, Green Anjou, Red Anjou, Flemish Beauty, and Winter Nelis. Asian varieties like Kieffer, Patharnakh, and Shinsui are also outlined. The document provides information on fruit characteristics, ripening times, productivity, and other traits for over 20 different pear varieties.
DESCRIPTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES IN PEAR
- 1. FSC 201 PRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGY OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS (1+1) TOPIC: : DESCRIPTIONAND IDENTIFICATION OF VARIETIES IN PEAR COURSE TEACHER : Dr.Sherly.J PRESENTED BY, K.BALA MURUGAN 16UHR006
- 3. BOTANICAL NAME : Pyrus communis FAMILY : Rosaceae CHROMOSOME NO. : 2n=22
- 4. DISTINCT GROUPS Common cultivated pear or French pear or English pear. The chinese or Sand pear. The Oriental pear.
- 5. COMMONPEAR • Pyrus communis L.Develops into a large tree producing thorn like leafy spurs , • The young growth becoming glabrous , leaves oval to oblong ovate ,5 to 10 cm long ; • Fruits mostly with pyriform tapering base but sometimes apple shaped .
- 6. SAND PEAR Pyrus sinesis. It is frequently used in hybridization and grafting with common pear. Flowers appears just before the leaves Excellent kepping quality.
- 7. ORIENTAL PEAR • Pyrus serotina or p.pyrifolia. • Importance of hybridization and propagation and other purposes.
- 8. VARIETIES Asian type - Pyrus pyrifolia Hybrids - Pyrus ussuriensis European type - Pyrus communis.
- 9. EUROPEANTYPES (Tail Pears) STAR CRIMSON Trees are medium sized fairly upright and spreading.Fruits medium sized . Oblong ovate ,pyriform ,dark red change to attractive crimson red in cold storage . Flesh cream white moderately juicy ,aromatic ,high in TSS sweet with excellent eating quality.
- 10. RED BARTLETT -PEAR A bud mutant of Bartlett; Plants and fruits resemble parent except that the fruit colour is dark cranberry red and shoots and leaves have a reddish tinge. ‘Moonglow’ and ‘Magness’ are two fire blight resistant varieties evolved in USA, Flesh is free from grit cells.
- 11. BARTLETT It is the most popular commercial cultivar throughout the world (except China & Japan). . The fruit is ovate pyriform,medium large, green at the time of harvest turning to bright yellow after ripening. Flesh is white,melting, firm and juicy. It has originated in England.
- 12. GREENANJOU PEAR Originated in France. It is fairly resistant to very low temperature and fire blight. Large fruit, skin bright green when harvest and turning to greenish yellow on ripening. Flesh is fine,mildly acidic. Fruits have high dessert quality and very long keeping quality.
- 13. RED-ANJOU -PEAR Originated in France. It is fairly resistant to very low temperature and fire blight. Large fruit, skin dark red . Flesh is fine,mildly acidic. Fruits have high dessert quality and very long keeping quality.
- 14. FLEMISH BEAUTY o The trees are bigger with more branches . o Fruit is large obovate and smooth. o The flesh is pure white , very juicy free of grit cells. o Good pollenizing cultivar.
- 15. JORGONELLE PEAR It is a European type with superior quality and adapted to South Indian hills like Kodaikanal.
- 16. Asian types and hybrids KIEFFER It is well to different climatric conditions and moderately to fire blight. The fruit is brownish ,gritty and hard. It is a self – unfruit ful variety.
- 17. LE CONTE PEAR Suitable for lower are mid hills as its chilling requirement is low . Fruits are round in shape , small in size ,yellowish green in colour.. But it is a blight susceptiable variety
- 18. PATHARNAKH This is another very low chilling variety . Tolerant to very high temperature and hot winds. It possesses a peculiar quality combination of drought tolerance as well as tolerance to water logged condition.
- 19. Thump pear: It is avery early variety. The mature fruits rae available form first week of june .The keeping quality of the fruits is poor.It can be grown in plane or at high mountain region and valley. Victoria: It is a mid season variety , the fruits of which are available from end of july to first week of august.The fruits are medium to big in size , the colour of which are greenish yellow with reddish patches.The pulp is very soft ,juicy and sweet.It has a heavy yielder variety.
- 20. Dr.Jules Guyot : It is also a early variety. Its fruits begain to ripe from last week of june and available upto first week of July.The fruits is big. The colour of the fruit is yellow with red. The pulp is soft , juicy tasteful. It is is a heavy yielder. Beurre De Amanalis: It is a mid season variety of plane . The ripe fruits are available from second fortnight of July. The fruit is medium to big and obtuse.The colour of the fruit is greenish red with grey patches and thick stalk .The pulp is very soft, juicy and tasteful. It is a regular and high yielding variety.
- 21. Winter Nelis: It is a Belgian variety fit for plane and hilly areas , the fruits of which are picked at the end of July and can be stored till December – Janauary due to its better keeping quality . The fruits are medium sized , roundish obovate and narrow near the stalk end and yellow in colour with deep grey patches. The pulp is soft, tasteful, juicy and aromatic. It is regular and heavy yielder. Conference: It is a mid – season variety. The medium sized and pyriform. Skin is green with russet patches.The pulp is salmon coloured ,sweet, and juicy . It is regular cropper and a good bearer. Fruits are picked from last week of July to first week of August.
- 22. Berrue Hardy: It is a late variety. The fruit is roundish oval and big.Fruit colour is greyish golden yellow.Pulp is soft, juicy ,sweet and aromatic.Fruits are pickedby second week of August.It is also grown in south India above 1,700 meters. Easter Berrue: It is an important late variety and also grown in planes.Fruit is large sized ,roundish obovate , pyriform with a shoet stalk. Skin is yellowish green.Flesh is white , delicious ,aromatic and sofr. The keeping quqlity of the fruit is good and picked in Septemper.It can be kept till March. It is a regular bearing variety
- 23. Jargnel : It is a late variety. The fruits are big , pyriform and greenish yellow in colour with greyish red patches .The fruits start ripening from mid of September. Star King Delicious: It is a late variety for the planes and hills .Fruits are big , pyriform and golden yellow in colour. Flesh is creamy yelloe in colour ,soft, juicy, sweet , aromatic and delicious . Fruits are picked at the end of August.
- 24. Twentieth Century: It is also a late season variety of Chinese group. The fruits are similar to ‘Patharnakh’ variety. Chapp’s Favourite: Fruits resemble Bartlett in size , shape, colour and flavoyr. Skin is pale lemon yellow.Flesh is granular , tender , rich and melting . It is a good and regular cropper. Fruits are picked a little before Bartlett.
- 25. Emile d’ Heyst: Fruits are large, oblong but slightly tapering towards the stem end.Flesh is melting , juicy and fine favoured. The variety is a prolific and regular cropper. Fruits are picked after mid –July. Marie Loise d’ Uccle: Fruits are large sized , oblong pyriform. Skin is yellowish green. Flesh juicy and fine flavoured. It is also a regular and good cropper. Fruits are picked after mid July .
- 26. Shinsui: Fruit is medium to large ,roundish , pyriform and green. Flesh is dull white in colour , quality is fair juicy with girt cells and sweet.Tree is vigorous and productive. It is an early variety. Devoe: Fruit is big, long pyriform, light green in colour and medium early.Flesh is white , melting , juicy , very sweet and aromatic.The tree is tall and tolerant to fireblight.
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