DESIGN PROCESS-is the foundation on which any product is designed
- 1. DESIGN THINKING PROCESS Five stage process
- 2. Design thinking involves two types of thinking- Convergent thinking and divergent thinking. One needs to think of many solutions to a common problem statement for divergent thinking and then needs to arrive at the best solution while convergent thinking.
- 4. Convergent Thinking Vs Divergent Thinking Divergent Thinking—Supposed to enhance the creativity of thinkers. A thinker is free to flow in any direction. Other alternative solutions may come to the thinker’s mind. Convergent Thinking—Get through all possible solutions thought during divergent thinking and come up with the best possible solution.
- 5. Like any systematic approach to problem-solving design thinking follows a particular process. There are 5 core stages to design thinking.
- 6. STEP 1:-EMPATHY Empathy involves listening to others, understanding and communicating this, and understanding others. (Egan-1994). Human reacts to an emotional problem that is often accompanied by emotional assurance rather than logical reasons. To deliver innovative customer-centric solutions, we must begin with empathy. Don’t begin with solutions start with Empathy
- 7. Empathy is not sympathy, not it is feeling sorry for others instead it is what others are feeling and understanding.
- 8. Empathy is a major skill that involves:- Taking care into another point of view(Putting yourself into another shoe) Assume a beginner’s mindset. Engage with extreme users. Ask why-how-what Build trust and respect Use reflective listening Use both verbal and non-verbal ways of communication Identify and accept all feelings without being judgemental.
- 9. STEP 2:-DEFINE Define stage is all about bringing clarity on what you have learned about your user. Create a point of view that is based on the user “needs” that you have discovered or “few insights” you found interesting. Framing the right problem is the only way to the right solution.
- 10. Techniques to define a problem:- Amplify good Eliminate bad Explore opposite Question the assumptions Break problem into pieces Identify needs and look into the insights. Create a point of view(POV) Use empathization map.
- 11. POV(Point of view) A POV will allow you to ideate your challenges in a goal-oriented manner keeping the focus on your users, their needs, and your insights about them. Keep the focus Frame the challenges as a problem statement. Use them to valuate ideas. Make them actionable.
- 12. POV USER:- Summarize who a particular user is and why the need is important to the user. Condense your perspective. NEEDS:- Need should belong to the real user and should not be made by them. Need should not be framed as a solution. INSIGHTS:- Insight is the result of meeting the needs Look beyond the obvious. Think about users shape fear and motivation.
- 13. Empathy Map Diagram A empathy map is a collaborative visualization used to articulate what we know about a particular type of users. It uses the knowledge about the user in order to:- i. Create an understanding of user needs. ii. Decision-making.
- 14. STEP 3:- IDEATE Ideation is all about generating ideas. Ideation is a judgemental free zone and we focus on quantity over quality. It is the phase where we need to question the obvious, reformulate our beliefs, and redefine existing solution approaches and beliefs.
- 15. Rules of Ideation:- Bring forward multiple ideas. There are no bad ideas. Capture everything. Go to hybrid brainstorming.(Individual ideation first and then group ideation). Quantity and quality. Create a relaxed environment. Enhance creativity.
- 16. Key Ideation techniques:- Brainstorming- A group creativity technique where efforts are made to find conclusions for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas. Bodystorming-It is also a type of brainstorming but by imagining if a product existed. EG:- By digital prototyping to resemble it with the future product. Sketches- Fastest and most effective way to bring ideas your brain generates into the physical world. Mind mapping-A visual ideation that encourage you to draw connection between two different sets of ideas or information. Storyboarding- Bring situations to life and outline future impact of their solutions. We can also create a visual story related to their problems and solutions. Challenge Assumptions:- Break conventional thought patterns and bring out with new ideas.
- 17. STEP:-4 PROTOTYPING Prototyping is the draft version of a product that allows you to explore your ideas and show the intention behind a feature or the overall concept to users before investing time and money into the development. It allows its user to interact with it and test its suitability. Aim is have something that can be tested with real users.
- 18. Benefits of Prototype:- Evaluation and feedback are essential Users can see hold and interact with the customer. Members can communicate and evaluate efficiently. Test out ideas yourself. It brings the users early in the process. It results in higher satisfaction. Design errors can be corrected in early stages with less expenditure and time.
- 19. STAGE:-5 TEST Once we have generated tons of ideas and narrowed down the most feasible idea. Now testing gives us a chance to see if you have framed the problem correctly by getting user feed back. Why important??You can generate feedback particular to the prototype and it turn deeper your understanding of the user. A chance to see if have framed the problem correctly.
- 20. How to test?? Let the protype speak Do not defend your ideas. Be open minded. Be thankful Make sure users can experience it. Get feedback.
- 21. Get feedback from your users.. Listen carefully what they say. Synthesis all feedback Remain open to negative feedback. Iterate the process again based on the feedback. Negative feedbacks uncovers the problem you night not have previously have identified. It offers you insights about user’s needs.