Developing A Behavior Plan
- 1. Developing a Behavior Plan Kevin Neuenswander
- 2. Developing a Behavior Plan Hypothesis A. What are the specific events/activities that trigger the behavior? B. What is the behavior? Define the behavior using action words. C. What is the function of the behavior? For example: When told to complete a writing assignment, Jose will kick and hit his desk to escape the task. When Amanda is completing work independently, she will yell out loud to get attention from her teacher & peers.
- 3. Questions To Consider When Developing Interventions What expressive communicative purpose does the behavior serve? How can we eliminate or change the triggers to problem behavior? What strategies will bring about the quickest results? Can the strategies be easily implemented in the classroom? Are we addressing the student’s interests & preferences, as well as his/her needs?
- 4. Matching Interventions to Functions Attention – Do they like verbal attention and/or physical attention? Do they have a way to get your attention? Escape – Do they know how to ask for help or end the task? Tangible – Do they have a way to ask for the item/activity? Sensory – Do they have a way to request sensory input? Control – Does the behavior occur when told “No” or “Stop”? Does the behavior occur when teacher is delivering an instruction to the student? Do they have a way to end or stop the activity?
- 5. Attention Teach communication – appropriate ways for getting staff’s attention Reinforce the student on task completion & appropriate behavior. Do not focus on the inappropriate behavior Ignore the inappropriate behavior & redirect silently – get them back on task & reinforce work after 20 seconds of appropriate behavior Provide Preferred Activities during time when you can not provide attention Do they like verbal attention &/or physical attention? Do they have a way to get your attention?
- 6. Attention (cont.) Schedule adult attention – work with student, provide periodic attention. Schedule peer attention – peer tutoring, peer groups. Increase proximity to student-moving seating arrangement, adult move throughout the classroom Reinforce them for being good 4 positives to 1 negative. Do they like verbal attention &/or physical attention? Do they have a way to get your attention?
- 7. Escape Teach Communication – provide ways for the child to ask for help or end the task Errorless learning – teach the skill, tutor, remediate Adjust difficulty of the assignment – provide easier work, slow down lesson, change task demands Increase use of visual supports Do they know how to ask for help or end the task?
- 8. Escape (cont.) Offer choices – student chooses task, sequence of work to be completed, materials to use, where to complete work, when to complete work, with whom to complete work Embed student’s interests in the activity Make work assignments meaningful – hands on activities Use alternatives to handwritten work – computers, stamps, & manipulatives Do they know how to ask for help or end the task?
- 9. Alter task length by providing short activities or frequent breaks Change materials used in activity Reduce paper pencil assignments Present easy request prior to difficult request – build behavior momentum Provide advanced notice – indicate the activity is about to end… 5 minutes 3 minutes 1 more minute Use a pleasant tone of voice Escape (cont.) Do they know how to ask for help or end the task?
- 10. Tangible Teach communication – create opportunities for the child to request desired item or activity Reinforce appropriate request Provide clear rules before activities – The rule is… Develop routines – First work, then break Do they have a way to ask for the item/activity?
- 11. Provide warning – indicate the activity is about to end… 5 minutes 3 minutes 1 more minute Use desired items to assist with instruction Schedule a preferred activity between non preferred activities – “sandwich” Tangible (cont.) Do they have a way to ask for the item/activity?
- 12. Sensory Do they have a way to request sensory input? Teach communication – create opportunities for child to request desired input or activity Structured, scheduled sensory diets – ongoing & changing (work with school’s OT) Provide opportunities to move – put up items, sharpen pencil, take down chairs Create sensory rich environments
- 13. Sensory (cont.) Do they have a way to request sensory input? Provide sensory input the student is seeking – back rubs, vibrating toys, tickle games Provide alternative seating/standing arrangements throughout the day.
- 14. Control Does the behavior occur when told “No” or “Stop”? Does the behavior occur when teacher is delivering an instruction to the student? Do they have a way to end or stop the activity? Teach communication – create opportunities for the child to end or change activity Provide choices; give them the power – control Provide clear rules before activities – The rule is… Develop routines – First work, then break
- 15. Control (cont.) Does the behavior occur when told “No” or “Stop”? Does the behavior occur when teacher is delivering an instruction to the student? Do they have a way to end or stop the activity? Provide a warning – indicate that activity is about to end… 5 min, 3 min. Develop Social stories and read daily not after the behavior occurs Use slight differences Utilize visual supports Be aware of the skill/cognitive level of the child
- 16. Commonly Asked Questions Will these interventions lead to a watered-down curriculum? The first objective is to reduce the problem behavior, which often interferes with learning. After the problem behavior has been reduced, a plan for fading should be considered. Is it fair to the other students? Individualized interventions are supported and required with IDEA. Will these strategies work in all settings? Not necessarily. Other teachers and staff who work with the student should know the plan.
- 17. References Adapted from: Lee Kern and Shelley Clarke, Chapter 8 Antecedent and Setting Event Interventions Karen H. Barineau, Fall 2007 Closing the Gap workshop on Developing a Behavior Plan