Development and Management of Information Systems in Healthcare
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This document discusses the development and management of information systems in healthcare. It outlines how health IT can help improve quality of care by making information more accessible and reducing errors. Effective management of IT requires balancing people, processes, and technology, and using strategic and project management approaches. Health IT development may involve in-house or outsourced software solutions using methodologies like waterfall or agile development. The goal is to apply technology to enhance care while considering the complex, information-rich nature of healthcare.
Development and Management of Information Systems in Healthcare
- 1. Development & Management of Information Systems in Healthcare Nawanan Theera‐Ampornpunt, M.D., Ph.D. Sep. 13, 2014 For Mahidol University Faculty of ICT SlideShare.net/Nawanan
- 2. 2 Introduction 2003 M.D. (1st-Class Honors) Ramathibodi 2009 M.S. (Health Informatics) University of Minnesota 2011 Ph.D. (Health Informatics) University of Minnesota 2012 Certified HL7 CDA Specialist Currently • Instructor, Department of Community Medicine, Ramathibodi • Deputy Executive Director for Informatics (CIO), Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Contacts nawanan.the@mahidol.ac.th SlideShare.net/Nawanan www.tc.umn.edu/~theer002 groups.google.com/group/ThaiHealthIT
- 4. 4 My Personal Journey on Health Informatics
- 5. 5 Outline Healthcare & Health IT Health IT Applications in Hospitals Development & Management of Information Systems in Healthcare
- 6. 6 Health care & Health IT
- 7. 7 Manufacturing Image Source: Guardian.co.uk
- 8. 8 Banking Image Source: Cablephet.com
- 9. 9 Health care ER ‐ Image Source: nj.com
- 10. 10 Why Health care Isn’t Like Any Others? Life‐or‐Death Many & varied stakeholders Strong professional values Evolving standards of care Fragmented, poorly‐coordinated systems Large, ever‐growing & changing body of knowledge High volume, low resources, little time
- 11. 11 Why Health care Isn’t Like Any Others? Large variations & contextual dependence Input Process Output Patient Decision‐ Presentation Making Biological Responses
- 12. 12 But...Are We That Different? Banking Input Process Output Transfer Location A Location B Value‐Add ‐ Security ‐ Convenience ‐ Customer Service
- 13. 13 But...Are We That Different? Manufacturing Input Process Output Assembling Raw Materials Finished Goods Value‐Add ‐ Innovation ‐ Design ‐ QC
- 14. 14 But...Are We That Different? Health care Input Process Output Sick Patient Patient Care Well Patient Value‐Add ‐ Technology & medications ‐ Clinical knowledge & skills ‐ Quality of care; process improvement ‐ Information
- 15. 15 Why Adopting Health IT? “To Go paperless” “To Computerize” “Digital Hospital” “To Modernize” “To Get a HIS” “To Have EMRs” “To Share data”
- 16. “Don’t implement technology just for technology’s sake.” “Don’t make use of excellent technology. Make excellent use of technology.” (Tangwongsan, Supachai. Personal communication, 2005.) “Health care IT is not a panacea for all that ails medicine.” (Hersh, 2004) 16 Some Quotes
- 17. 17 What Clinicians Want? To treat & to care for their patients to their best abilities, given limited time & resources Image Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Newborn_Examination_1967.jpg (Nevit Dilmen)
- 18. 18 High Quality Care Safe Timely Effective Efficient Equitable Patient‐Centered Institute of Medicine, Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001. 337 p. IOM (2001)
- 19. 19 Information is Everywhere in Health Care
- 20. 20 Class Exercise How information systems & ICT can contribute toward high quality care?
- 21. 21 Achieving Quality Care with Information Safe Drug allergies Medication Reconciliation Timely Complete information at point of care Effective Better clinical decision‐making
- 22. 22 Achieving Quality Care with Information Efficient Faster care Time & cost savings Reducing unnecessary tests Equitable Access to providers & knowledge Patient‐Centered Empowerment & better self‐care
- 23. 23 That’s Where Health IT Plays A Role...
- 24. 24 The Anatomy of the Word “Health IT” Health Information Technology Goal Value‐Add Tools
- 25. 25 Various Forms of Health IT Hospital Information System (HIS) Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) Electronic Health Records (EHRs) Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)
- 26. 26 Still Many Other Forms of Health IT m‐Health Health Information Exchange (HIE) Biosurveillance Information Retrieval Telemedicine & Telehealth Images from Apple Inc., Geekzone.co.nz, Google, PubMed.gov, and American Telecare, Inc. Personal Health Records (PHRs)
- 27. 27 Value of Health IT (in Literature) Guideline adherence Better documentation Practitioner decision making or process of care Medication safety Patient surveillance & monitoring Patient education/reminder
- 28. 28 Fundamental Theorem of Informatics Fri(eFdriemdamna (n2, 0200099))
- 29. 29 Is There A Role for Health IT? IOM (2000)
- 30. 30 Landmark IOM Reports IOM (2000) IOM (2001)
- 31. 31 Landmark IOM Reports: Summary Humans are not perfect and are bound to make errors Highlight problems in the U.S. health care system that systematically contributes to medical errors and poor quality Recommends reform that would change how health care works and how technology innovations can help improve quality/safety
- 32. 32 Summary: Why We Need Health IT Health care is very complex (and inefficient) Health care is information‐rich Quality of care depends on timely availability & quality of information Clinical knowledge body is too large Short time during a visit Practice guidelines are put “on‐the‐shelf” “To err is human”
- 33. To Err Is Human Lack of Attention 33 Image Source: aafp.org
- 34. To Err Is Human Human Brain’s Limited Memory 34 Image Source: Dr. Suthan Srisangkaew
- 35. 35 Common Errors Medication Errors Drug Allergies Drug Interactions Ineffective or inappropriate treatment Redundant orders Failure to follow clinical practice guidelines
- 36. 36 IT Management
- 37. 37 IT & Strategic Management Vision (Goal) Mission (Purpose) Business Strategies IT Strategies
- 38. 38 IT Strategies & Projects IT strategies support business strategies toward a common vision & mission of the organization IT strategies are implemented as IT projects “Project Management” is a best‐practice methodology to manage projects so they deliver promised results on time and on budget
- 39. 39 Class Exercise What are common functions of an IT unit in a healthcare organization?
- 40. 40 Components of IT Hardware & Network IT Software Data People, Process & Management
- 41. 41 Common IT Functions in Healthcare Organizations Software development & acquisition Healthcare Service Delivery (Front Office) Back Office Infrastructure Systems administration Network administration Data management, analysis & reporting
- 42. 42 Software Acquisition In‐house Development Outsourced Standard Off‐the‐Shelf Standard Package with Customizations Personalized Solutions What are the pros & cons? How to determine the right approach?
- 43. 43 In‐house or Outsource? A Ramathibodi journey
- 44. Software Development Process 44 Marchewka JT (2006)
- 45. 45 Software Development Methodology Waterfall (Traditional Software Development) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model
- 46. 46 Software Development Methodology Waterfall (Traditional Software Development) Agile Software Development Scrum Extreme Programming etc. Other methodologies
- 47. 47 Balanced Focus of Informatics People Techno‐ Process logy
- 48. 48 Summary Healthcare is complex Health IT can benefit healthcare through Information collection, presentatio & use Process improvement (e.g. reducing errors, improving quality of care) Management of IT is crucial to an organization’s success Balance of “People, Process & Technology” Strategic mindset IT Project management Various methods to acquire & develop information systems Know your organization (“context”)
- 49. 49 Q & A... Download Slides SlideShare.net/Nawanan Contacts nawanan.the@mahidol.ac.th www.tc.umn.edu/~theer002 groups.google.com/group/ThaiHealthIT
- 50. 50 References Friedman CP. A "fundamental theorem" of biomedical informatics. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2009 Apr;16(2):169‐70. Institute of Medicine, Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. To err is human: building a safer health system. Kohn LT, Corrigan JM, Donaldson MS, editors. Washington, DC: National Academy Press;2000. 287 p. Institute of Medicine, Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001. 337 p.