Diabtes notes whd 2016
- 1. Diabetes 2016 D r . A n i l K u m a r . K o r r a p a t i Page 1 India faces a triple challenge when it comes to diabetes 1* India is ranked second for having the maximum number of people with diabetes in age group of 20-79(IDF 2012) 2* The second challenge is, half the people with diabetes do not even know that they have diabetes 3* Half of the people who die of diabetes are under age of 60 years and this young country like India cannot afford it Diabetes consumes 2 to three times more health care resources compared to non diabetics, and diabetes care might account for about 15% of budgetary health care spends If India does not address diabetes now, the economic loss due to diabetes can be huge India would have the highest diabetics (79.4 million)in the world by 2030 and by 2035 109 million diabetics(WHO-IDF 2004) And coming to Andhra Pradesh . . . (from THE HINDU, March 15,2013) A high incidence of diabetes and blood pressure are no longer the bane of only urban areas. In a worrisome trend,
- 2. Diabetes 2016 D r . A n i l K u m a r . K o r r a p a t i Page 2 the two have made inroads into rural pockets in Andhra Pradesh as well. Statistics from an ongoing massive house-to-house screening programme of people above 30 years in eight districts in the State so far showed the incidence of hypertension to be 7.73 per cent and that of diabetes to be 7.29 per cent. In all, 20 lakh people were checked for the two conditions in the districts of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Krishna, Prakasam, Nellore, Chittoor, Kadapa and Kurnool under the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS). The highest incidence of both diseases was reported in Nellore district. Of the 1, 72, 482 people screened, 11.71 per cent turned out to be diabetic and 12.45 per cent had blood pressure. In Vizianagaram district, 11.54 per cent of nearly three lakh people suffered from hypertension, while 9.81 per cent had diabetes. In Krishna district, the incidence of diabetes was 10.36 per cent, while blood pressure was 8.7 per cent. The following are the details for diabetes and BP respectively in the other five districts—Srikakulam (4.07 per cent and 5.34 per cent), Prakasam (6.5 per cent and 5.45 per cent), Chittoor (4.75 and 5.60), Kadapa (7 and 10) and Kurnool ( 4.72 and 4.68).
- 3. Diabetes 2016 D r . A n i l K u m a r . K o r r a p a t i Page 3 Dr. Geetha Prasadini, Additional Director, (Disease Control Programme), Directorate of Public Health and Family Welfare, said those diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension were being referred to the nearest Community Health Centres (CHCs) and Area Hospitals for further investigations and medical management. They were also being given anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic medicines free of cost at PHCs and sub-centres. This is a scary scenario for us Some startling facts and figures ================================ 1. India currently has the world's largest diabetic population with an estimated four crore people 2. Every sixth person is a diabetic in Hyderabad and other metropolitan cities including Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. 3. Every 15 minutes a leg is lost to diabetes in India 4. In India 40,000 legs are amputed per year, most of them as a result of an infection in the foot of someone with diabetes. 5. It is estimated that 1000 amputations take place in a year in Hyderabad, 3000 in Delhi and 4000 in Mumbai.
- 4. Diabetes 2016 D r . A n i l K u m a r . K o r r a p a t i Page 4 6. Eightyfive per cent of amputations can be prevented with early detection and early interventions Early signs =========== 1. Increase in urine volume and frequency. It increases as the glucose levels in blood go up. Kidneys filter blood and try to rid it of excess glucose. Frequent urination means dehydration which seriously affects the health. 2. Increase in thirst. Since water is lost in excessive urination, the patient drinks more water. Excess sugar concentrates the blood and this also increases the thirst. 3. General weakness and fatigue. 4. Slow or rapid weight loss. Many patients with early diabetes notice they are actually eating more and yet losing weight. 5. Increased hunger and glucose though more in blood is not available for cells as fuel for energy. 6. Blurred vision may be noticed. This is because the fast increasing blood glucose levels can cause fluid shifts in the lens of the eye. 7. Infections of gums, bladder and skin. Women may notice recurrent urinary or vaginal infections. 8. Healing of wounds is slow in noninsulin-dependent cases. 9. Irritability; drowsiness, tingling or numbness in hands and
- 5. Diabetes 2016 D r . A n i l K u m a r . K o r r a p a t i Page 5 feet, or itching. 10. Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet ============ Diet Control ============ Diabetic patients should follow a strict dietary system to keep the disease under check. They must avoid the following foods. 1. Salt since it aggravates the problem. 2. Sugar as it only adds to the calories and carbohydrates. 3. Foods containing fat or high fat content. 4. Control intake of red meat to the extent possible. 5. Whole milk or milk products. Low fat milk is sufficient. 6. Tea and coffee. Take just two cups of the conventional tea or decaffeinated coffee in a day. 7. White flour and its products. ================= Diabetic patients may take the following items in sufficient quantities to keep their body in good condition. 1. Bitter gourd as it contains plant insulin which reduces blood sugar levels. 2. Fenugreek seeds. 3. Jamun or Indian black plum or berry. 3. Garlic. 4. Onions.
- 6. Diabetes 2016 D r . A n i l K u m a r . K o r r a p a t i Page 6 5. Vegetables and foods with high fibre content. 6. Cinnamon solution 7. Foods containing anti-oxidants like lemon. ========= How to manage diabetes ========= Patients can help control their blood sugar and diabetes when they eat healthy, get enough exercise, and stay at a healthy weight. A healthy weight also helps patients control their blood fats and lower the blood pressure. Many people with diabetes also need to take medicine to help control their blood sugar. Good food choices for diabetes are no different than what is recommended for all other people. One can help control the blood sugar and diabetes by eating healthy, doing enough exercise, and staying at a healthy weight. Doctors say that distributing meals and snacks throughout the day is important for people with diabetes. At least three meals are recommended. Diet is a cornerstone of controlling diabetes. More than half of all adult diabetics manage their diabetes with diet rather than insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents.