DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.pdf
- 1. Teacher: Jorge Guillermo Treviño Barron The Digestive System
- 2. ¿What is the digestive system? 01
- 3. Digestive System The digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal tract, also called the digestive tract, and the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. The gastrointestinal tract is a series of hollow organs joined together in a long, twisted tube that runs from the mouth to the anus.
- 4. The hollow organs that make up the gastrointestinal tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The liver, pancreas and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive system.
- 5. The small intestine has three parts. The first part is called the duodenum. The jejunum is in the middle and the ileum is at the end. The large intestine includes the appendix, cecum, colon, and rectum.
- 6. The appendix is a small finger-shaped sac attached to the cecum. The cecum is the first part of the large intestine. The colon is next. The rectum is the end of the large intestine
- 7. Parts of the nervous and circulatory systems also help. Working together, nerves, hormones, bacteria, blood, and digestive organs digest the food and liquids a person eats or drinks each day.
- 9. Importance of digestion Digestion is important because the body needs nutrients from food and drinks to function properly and stay healthy. Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins external link, minerals external link, and water are nutrients.
- 10. The digestive system chemically breaks down nutrients into small enough parts that the body can absorb the nutrients and use them for energy, growth, and cell repair. • Proteins are chemically broken down into amino acids • Fats are chemically broken down into fatty acids and glycerol. • Carbohydrates are chemically broken down into simple sugars.
- 11. ¿How does the digestive system work? 03
- 12. Each part of the digestive system helps transport food and liquids through the gastrointestinal tract, chemically break down foods and liquids into smaller parts, or both. Work of the digestive system
- 13. Once food has been chemically broken down into small enough parts, the body can absorb and transport the nutrients to where they are needed. The large intestine absorbs water and the waste products of digestion become feces. Nerves and hormones help control the digestive process.
- 14. Mouth: The digestive process begins in the mouth when a person chews. Salivary glands produce saliva, a digstive juice that moistens food to transport it more easily through the esophagus and into the stomach. Saliva also has an enzyme that begins to chemically break down the starches in food.
- 15. Esophagus: After swallowing, peristalsis pushes food down the esophagus and into the stomach. Stomach: Glands in the lining of the stomach produce stomach acids and enzymes that chemically break down food. The stomach muscles mix the food with these digestive juices.
- 16. Pancreas: The pancreas produces a digestive juice that has enzymes that chemically break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Liver: The liver produces a digestive juice called bile that helps digest fats and some vitamins. The bile ducts carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder for storage or to the small intestine for use. .
- 17. Gallbladder: The gallbladder stores bile between meals. When a person eats, the gallbladder squeezes bile into the small intestine through the bile ducts. Small intestine: The small intestine produces digestive juice, which mixes with bile and pancreatic juice to complete the chemical breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
- 18. Large intestine: In the large intestine, more water is transported from the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream. Bacteria in the large intestine help chemically break down remaining nutrients and produce vitamin K External link from NIH. The waste products of digestion, including parts of food that are still too large, become feces Work of the digestive system