DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING.docx
- 1. DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING INTRODUCTION: The digital image processing is simple process which deals with minute articulations of imaging .Itis a digitalized way of computing a image it deals with various sub signals and systems as we usemany softwares for editing is a prime example for it. These signals are used in various forms it is used in different types of engineering to deal with the substantialequations and for various other uses but it is primarily used in the field of image processing TYPES: 1.Analog image processing 2.Digital image processing Previously it dealt with the analog image processing beforethe introduction of the digital embedded systems. Butdue to the various and important uses in the digital systemit is highly preferred over its counter part. Now moving on to the mostimportant part . THE PROCESS: As we discussed earlier the basic processing deals with providing an signal as a input and the output to be a image which may be digitalized or analog based on the embedded system. And the signal is considered to be a 1D or even two dimensional . The signal is used to pass on some data. The basic example for this signals is the transmission of wave forms from one point to another which is primarily working as a emitter of data. The conversion of image should be done by firstly converting analog to digital and the capturing of a picture is the first step toward image processing. The
- 2. image acquisition is done by the sensors in the camera and if the capturing of a pictureis done outdoorsthen sunlightplaysa verypivotalrole in theprocessing. With the received amountof data the amountof reflection fromthe sensorsand the deploy of various substantial formations and different techniques of quantization are used in making the image what we see today. So, basically the most important thing in capturing a moment is done by the camera then technically speakingis aperturewhichin turndeviates the light into the camera for bringing out good quality images the larger the aperture of the lens much cleaner the picture will be. The ultimate usageof it is to shed away the darkness from theimage. As wetalk in detail about the picturing. Professionally, speaking thereare way more types of images such as the binary image, the black and white image the binary imaging is all about dealing with the 0’s and 1’s and the black and white deals with tagling between black and white . There are sources which provide differentiating colour to the display which are the bits in a display there are various types of bits in a display such as 2,3,4,5,6 and 8 bit displays but the bits like 2,3,4,5,6 are not used in modern times they were used previously in the Old televisions . But 8 bit colours are used everywhere nowadays from mobile phones to televisions. But to better them even more16 bit colours havebeen introduced to enhance the advancementof technology the colour division in the 16 bit colours is not easy as compared to the blackand whitecolours.16bitcoloursengageswith the RGBwhich isnothing but(Red,green,blue)formatas weeveryoneknow16coloursis divided between three colours and the remaining one bit is left out to the green colour because it has a long lasting endorsing impact In our eyes. But ,following the 16 bit there is new invention in the house which is the 24 bit colours which is also equally divided between the three colours of ( Red ,green, blue) and equal of 8 bits are divided between the three. The most integral and pivotal role in image processing is done by the pixel processing but there is another thing called spatial resolution which is a one cannot be counted out by the pixel resolution, while pixel resolution is the number of pixels in a particular specifically designedframebut spatialresolution is the one which defines the number of solely dependent pixels per frame.
- 3. There is another type of resolution like spatial which is grey level resolution which defines the number of solely dependent grey shades on the screen or the respectivePPI (Pixels per inch). These grey shades play a very fine role in determining the blackness of the screen .For eg, In your mobile phones which has a AMOLED screen .The intensity or the differentiating factor is that the how many black pixels or grey shades are present in it, Which is a cruciating factor when it comes to deal with these particular criterions. Next moving into the important determining factor which is the quantization and the sampling which is the technique that does the majority of work in the conversion of a image processing. SAMPLING AND QUANTIZATION TECHNIQUE As we have seen earlier in the previous paragraphs theimage processing depends on sampling and quantization techniques. Firstly the sampling is the technique through which the analog image is processed through as a digital image. It determines the spatial resolution of the image and also defines the image from the continuous to discrete or the other way around the size, pixel clarity, the reimage sizing which depends on the sampling ratio and its sampling technique though the technique is highly negotiable and AI Headed. The next technique is the quantization technique when we aretaking over a quantization process it is that you are dividing a varying signalinto multiple different quanta in the respectiveamplitudes . On quantizing we derive a lot of values which is a lot useful in determining the amplitude frequency for the digital image processing .Now after determining the quality of the image if we have to improvethe quality of the image there are various bits of imaging 256,128,64,32,16,8,4,2 bits of grey level. Which defines the pixel clarity of the image. There is a effect called as contouring which when during the decreasing effect of grey scale some false colours or edges that can influence us which would lead to wrong objection about the image . All these effects have a demeaning effect on the picture which is very sustaining and a demanding effect on it. And these techniques play a important role in making the picture cleaner, brighter,
- 4. sharper which is very enhancing and has a very deep role in bringing the bestquality of picture in the device out for us. CONCLUSION: As we have seen the process and everything aboutthe image processing which is fromthe analog to digital image processing the nuances and the antique effect which deals with making the picture in the form of digital for us is the way going forward .. SUBMITTED BY A.SEDUMADAVAN IInd YR ECE