Digital Library and OER
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The document discusses metadata standards for describing learning objects and educational resources, including LRMI (Learning Resource Metadata Initiative). It provides tables comparing different metadata schemas based on attributes and parameters. It then describes properties added by LRMI to Schema.org/CreativeWork for describing educational resources, such as educationalAlignment, typicalAgeRange, and license. Finally, it provides definitions for LRMI properties for describing alignment of resources to educational frameworks.
Digital Library and OER
- 1. Barnali Roy Choudhury Netaji Subhas Open University
- 3. The main function of a library is to deliver right contents to the right person at right time. Identification of resource Organisation of resources Strong Vocabulary control Search facility Retrieval of required content
- 4. Schema makes it easier for search engines to retrieve and interpret the information on web pages more effectively to satisfy users based on search queries Quality of the metadata records affects learning objects directly on the chances of the objects to be found and reuse.
- 5. Organisation in content level…
- 7. Attributes/Parameters Score (1= full support; 0.5= partial support; 0= no support) AICC ARIAD NE Dublin Core (DC) IEEE - LOM IMS SCORM LRMI Data extraction from the entities 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Form of the metadata 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 Flexibility of metadata schema 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 Vocabulary management 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Multi-language support 0 0 1 1 0 0 Metadata templates 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Consistency in presenting information 0.5 0.5 1 1 0 0 1
- 8. Attributes/Parameters Score (1= full support; 0.5= partial support; 0= no support) AICC ARIADNE Dublin Core (DC) IEEE - LOM IMS SCORM LRMI Multi-part standard 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Learner Profile Tracking, learner progress, performance exchanging student records 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Support multiple users 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Independent structured data models 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Creation of new metadata files 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Modification of data in metadata files 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Support of the XML 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 Support of Schema.org 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Total Score 2.5 2.5 8.0 14.0 9.0 8.0 15 (Mukhopadhyay, P.S., )
- 10. The Learning Resource Metadata Initiative is a project co-led by the Association of Educational Publishers and Creative Commons to build a common metadata vocabulary for educational resources. ( https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/LRMI) LRMI vocabulary can help increase the discoverability and value of your educational resources. learners, publishers, schools, governments, and the general public.
- 11. Table 1. LRMI Additions to Schema.org/CreativeWork Property Expected Type EducationalAlignment An alignment to an established educational framework. EducationalUse The purpose of the work in the context of education. Ex: “assignment” / “group work” TimeRequired Approximate or typical time it takes to work with or through this learning resource for the typical intended target audience. TypicalAgeRange The typical range of ages the content’s intended end user. InteractivityType The predominant mode of learning supported by the learning resource. Acceptable values are active, expositive, or mixed. LearningResourceType The predominant type or kind characterizing the learning resource. Ex: “presentation”/ “handout” UseRightsUrl The URL where the owner specifies permissions for using the resource. Ex: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ IsBasedOnUrl A resource that was used in the creation of this resource. This term can be repeated for multiple sources.
- 12. Property Description Name The title of the resource. About The subject of the content. Date created The date on which the resource was created. Author The individual credited with the creation of the resource. Publisher The organization credited with publishing the resource. Inlanguage The primary language of the resource. Accessibilityapi Indicates that the resource is compatible with the referenced accessibility API. ( WebSchemas wiki lists possible values). Accessibilitycontrol Identifies input methods that are sufficient to fully control the described resource. ( WebSchemas wiki lists possible values). Accessibilityfeature Content features of the resource, such as accessible media, alternatives and supported enhancements for accessibility. (WebSchemas wiki lists possible values). Accessibilityhazard A characteristic of the described resource that is physiologically dangerous to some users. Related to WCAG 2.0 guideline 2.3. (WebSchemas wiki lists possible values). License A license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.
- 13. Property Description AlignmentType A category of alignment between the learning resource and the framework node. Recommended values include: ‘assesses’, ‘teaches’, ‘requires’, ‘textComplexity’, ‘readingLevel’, ‘educationalSubject’, and ‘educationLevel’. EducationalFramework The framework to which the resource being described is aligned. TargetDescription The description of a node in an established educational framework. TargetName The name of a node in an established educational framework. TargetUrl The URL of a node in an established educational framework.
- 14. Property Description educationalRole The role that describes the target audience of the content. http://www.lrmi.net/the-specification
- 15. Schema.org is a collaboration among the largest search engines to curate a collection of vocabularies that can be used to add structured data to web pages and enhance web search results.