Digital light processing
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DLP (Digital Light Processing) technology was developed by Texas Instruments in 1987. It uses a digital micromirror device (DMD) chip containing a grid of hundreds of thousands of tiny tilting mirrors to produce high-quality images with high brightness and contrast. Each mirror represents one pixel and rapidly tilts between on and off positions to reflect light and produce colors using a spinning color wheel. DLP has advantages over other display technologies as it can create images of any size, has excellent brightness uniformity, and does not use heat-sensitive organic materials. It is widely used in projectors, TVs, and other applications demanding superior visuals.
Digital light processing
- 1. DLP - Digital Light Processing Based on, High-Brightness High-Resolution Applications
- 2. What is DLP Technology ? • Digital Light Processing (DLP) is a display technology developed by Texas Instruments. • It provides all-digital projection displays that offer superior picture quality in terms of resolution, brightness, contrast. • This provides an overview of the digital video processing solutions like scan conversion, picture enhancements, color processing. • DLP™ technology is in use wherever visual excellence is in demand.
- 3. Background Information • DLP was invented in 1987 by Dr. Hornbeck of Texas Instruments Inc. In 1992, TI started a project to explore the DMD's commercial viability. A year later, it named the new technology DLP and formed a separate group to develop commercial display applications. In 1994, TI demonstrated DLP projectors for the first time. In 1997, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences chose DLP to project film at the Oscars, where the first three-chip DLP technology was demonstrated to the Hollywood community.
- 4. In 1999, DLP Cinema was first demonstrated to the public with the release of Star Wars Episode I: the Phantom Menace. By December 2002, TI had shipped 2 million DLP subsystems. DLP Products has also received two Emmy Awards, for excellence in 1998 and for technology and engineering in 2003. In 2002, Hornbeck was elected a fellow of the International Society for Optical Engineering and received the David Sarnoff Medal from the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers.
- 5. • Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) • Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) • Plasma
- 6. Enter Digital Light Processing • pixels on a DLP chip is a reflective mirror • amplifies the light generated from the chip. • The advantage of DLP It produces bright, high-contrast images It can be projected onto any size screen
- 7. Important Basic Concepts of DLP • DMD • Color Wheel
- 8. Semiconductor That Changed Everything Heart of DLP Invented by Larry Hornbeck of Texas Instrument world's most sophisticated light switch Rectangular array of up to 1.3 million of hinge-mounted movable microscopic mirrors Size of a fifth of human hair Each mirror correspond to one pixel of image Mounted over a CMOS SRAM
- 9. • • • • Not operating – parked at 0 degree On – Tilt +10 degrees Off – Tilt –10 degrees On/Off Switching – 1000 times/sec Consists of 508,800 tiny, tiltable mirrors The tilt directs light toward the screen, or into a "light trap" that eliminates unwanted light when reproducing blacks and shadows. A glass window seals and protects the mirrors.
- 10. DLP: Adding Colors • The white light passes through a color wheel • The color wheel filters the light into red, green, and blue. • a single-chip DLP projection system can create at least 16.7 million colors. • 3-DMD chip system is capable of producing no fewer than 35 trillion colors.
- 11. How DLP works ? • Signal Conversion • Gray Scale Image • Color Creation
- 12. Step 1 – • Accepts both analog or digital signal • All signals must be converted into digital • The digital signal, enables mirrors to tilt towards “On” or away from “Off” light source.
- 13. Step 2 – On” – light Pixel vs. “Off” – Dark Pixel Mirror switched on more frequently than off – Reflects Light Gray Pixel Rapid Switching allows up to 1024 shades of gray reflections Digitalized video signal entering DMD get converted into highly detailed grayscale image Not present
- 14. Step 3 – • Color is added as white light from the lamp passes through a color wheel filter • Color Wheel – RED, GREEN & BLUE • mirrors on DMD are tilted on for the exact amount of time required for each basic color • Only 1 color is shined onto DMD at a time • When spinning fast enough, human eyes blend alternating flashes to view “more” colors in the projected image. Color wheel present
- 17. DLP Technology allows for a clear smooth picture with no glare due to its embossed coating technology: • DLP Technology allows for a clear smooth picture with no glare due to its embossed coating technology: Anti Glare Coating Screen Normal Screen
- 18. Current Projection TV or Monitor Technology A 43" DLP™ TV is 35% slimmer and 56% lighter than a 36" direct view TV. • Every pixel on a DLP chip is a reflective mirror, which amplifies the light generated from the chip. • There is no limit to the size of the screen that can be manufactured. • Brightness and contrast is even across the entire surface of the screen.
- 19. ARCHITECTURE DESIGN Only inorganic Mirrors are aluminium Off chip drivers Arrayed on center->high fill factor Electrostatic torque +ve & -ve Potential of yoke Thick oxide Brightness, contrast ratio
- 20. EXAMPLES Video processing systems SVP2 Performing 5.7 billion 8-bit additions/sec. Data Path ASIC 48-bit Data Input Register(DIR) 32-bit DOR Independent Clock Control Room Projectors, home theater, CRT, institutional projectors.
- 21. 1-chip DLP Projection System 16.7 millions of colors TV, projector, home theater system
- 22. 3-chip DLP Projection System 35 trillion of colors 3 DMD configuration Each DMD dedicated to 1 color only White light passes through a prism to divide red, green and blue and later recombine to form image
- 23. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CONVERGENCE OF TECHNOLOGY • • Rotation of the mirror memory cell in the on (1) state, the mirror rotates to +10 degrees. off (0) state, the mirror rotates to -10 degrees (1) state of the mirror appears bright (0) state of the mirror appears dark.
- 24. INDUSTRY RELEVANCE • used in large projection screen applications • Mission To Mars, Toy Story 2, Rocky and Bullwinkle, Disney's Dinosaur, and Spy Kids. • several manufacturers, such as Hitachi, Panasonic, Samsung, and Mitsubishi are producing rear-projection DLP sets for the consumer.
- 25. • organic compounds in LCD panels susceptible to high heat and light energy stress. • DLP technology does not use organic compounds • LCD technology has a failure mode that does not exist with DLP.
- 26. FUTURE OF TECHNOLOGY • HD2+ for contrast ratios greater than 3000:1 for much improved color. • eliminating more of the latent brightness when in the “off” position . • Sequential Color Recapture (SCR) “Spiral of Archimedes”