Digital Video Primer
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This document discusses video production basics, including definitions of HD formats like 720p and 1080p/i, considerations around progressive vs. interlaced scanning, common HD frame rates, reasons for shooting in 24p, and an overview of digital video files and codecs. Key points are that 720p has a resolution of 1280x720 and 1080p/i has 1920x1080, progressive scanning is simpler but networks may require interlaced, and 24p is used for film-like quality or when transferring to film.
Digital Video Primer
- 2. WhatIsHD? HD is a tricky thing to discuss it’s a “set” of digital video formats and specifications: 1. 720 has a resolution of 1280 x720 and is always scanned progressively. It has a native aspect ratio of 16:9. 2. 1080 has a resolution of 1920 x1080 and can be scanned progressively or be interlaced.. It has a native aspect ratio of 16:9.
- 3. Whichisbetter? • there’s no clear answer, but progressive scanning is definitely simpler most filmmakers these days opt for • progressive scanning. • However, if your project is destined for broadcast television, the network may require that you use a form of HD with interlaced scanning.
- 6. 1080/60i is one of the most popular HD configurations for television, it is often simply called 1080i. 720/60p is often referred to as 720p interlaced HD video is described by the number of fields instead of frames. 1080/60i has 60 fields per second. Since two interlaced fields of video add up to one frame of video, the frame rate is still 30 frames per second—60i is just a different way of describing the same thing and letting you know that it’s interlaced. Progressively scanned HD video, on the other hand, is described by the number of frames. 720/60p has 60 frames per second.
- 8. 720 offers the option of 60 frames per second
- 9. HD FRAMES rates • Each of these three potential sources for HD defines a subset of HD frame rates: 1. 24p and 23.976p. Frame rates based on film. 2. 29.97p, 30p, 59.94i, 60i, 59.94p, and 60p. Frame rates based on American television. 3. 25p and 50i. Frame rates based on European television.
- 10. Thenwhydosomepeopleareshootingon24p? TELECINE 24p is used when shooting video footage that will eventually be transferred to film. It is also used when transferring projects shot on film to HD for broadcast. Some argue that shooting 24p results in more film-like footage even if it is never transferred to film. 24p can be either 720 or 1080
- 13. • The answer is COMPRESSION
- 14. VIDEO IS CAPTURED, IFYOU IMPORT TRANSCODE MEDIA WHENYOU OUTPUT VIDEOS FORTHE WEB BLU-RAY DISCS UNCOMPRESSED HD FOR DIGITAL PROJECTION
- 16. Understanding Digital Media Files • When you pull digital video media off a piece of videotape or disk and onto your computer, the media is stored in a file on your hard drive. These files are called CONTAINER FILES. • QuickTime movies (.MOV), MP4 (.MP4), Material Exchange Format (.MXF), Flash video (.F4V),Windows MediaVideo (.WMV), and Audio Video Interleaved (.AVI) are some popular digital media container file types for video.
- 18. SOFTWARE-BASED
- 21. Different codecs are used for different purposes.You’ll use high-compression/lower-quality codecs forWeb or mobile delivery (.mp4, .3gp, and so on) and low-compression/higher quality Codecs for higher-quality digital television or digital cinema delivery (h.264, .f4v, .wmv, .xmf, and so on).
- 22. CANON XL series JVC GY series