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Improving Math
Instruction
The Singapore Experience

Dr. Yeap Ban Har
Marshall Cavendish Institute
Singapore

                                                        Da Qiao Primary School, Singapore
banhar@sg.marshallcavendish.com



Slides are available at www.facebook.com/MCISingapore
Hanusek, Jamison, Jamison & Woessmann (2008)
Dinner Event HMH
All major international tests (literacy, science and mathematics) between
1964 and 2003 were placed on a common scale. Selected countries
shown in the table.
     Score        1960-1970s           1980s         1990s          2000s
      500               Japan           Hong Kong          Hong Kong       Hong Kong
                                          Japan              Japan           Japan
                                          Korea              Korea           Korea
                                                           Singapore       Singapore
      400             Thailand        The Philippines       Malaysia        Malaysia
                                        Singapore           Thailand        Thailand
                                         Thailand
      300                                                  Indonesia       Indonesia
                                                         The Philippines The Philippines
Reference: E. Hanusek, D. Jamison, E. Jamison & L. Woessmann (2008)
National Curriculum
 Revised once every six years
 Revised Curriculum in 2013
  Learning Experiences are explicit
  Mathematical Modeling is emphasized
Ministry of Education, Singapore (1991, 2000, 2006, 2012)
thinkingscho
ols learningnatio
    n
  Mathematics is “an excellent vehicle
             for the development and
          improvement of a person’s
            intellectual competence”.
                  Ministry of Education, Singapore (2006)
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Improving Curriculum
                        Greenridge Primary School, Singapore




 Using Existing Research
 Using Data
Bruner’s Research
 CPA Approach
 Spiral Approach
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Dinner Event HMH
Public School in Chile
Concrete  Pictorial 
          Abstract
                            15     3=5
                                 symboli
                                 c

                                       iconic



enactive
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A curriculum as it develops should
revisit these basic ideas repeatedly,
building upon them until the student
has grasped the full formal
apparatus that goes with them.
                             Bruner 1960
A curriculum as it develops should revisit
                        these basic ideas repeatedly, building upon
Primary 2               them until the student has grasped the full
                        formal apparatus that goes with them.
                                                         Bruner 1960



            Primary 3




                          Primary 4




                                          Primary 5
Dienes’s Research
 Variability
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Dinner Event HMH
Dinner Event HMH
Dinner Event HMH
Skemp’s Research
 Relational Understanding
 Instrumental Understanding
Conventional Understanding
Dinner Event HMH
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Improving Instruction
 Strategy 1
 Curriculum Document
Improving Instruction
 Strategy 2
 Textbooks
Improving Instruction
 Strategy 3
 Leadership
Improving Instruction
 Strategy 4
 Professional Learning
MCI Pedagogy
for Professional Learning
 As a Learner
 As an Observer
 As a Reflective Teacher
Singapore




  MCI Pedagogy
  for Professional Learning
   As a Learner
   As an Observer
   As a Reflective Teacher
MCI Pedagogy                Hawaii, USA
for Professional Learning
 As a Learner
 As an Observer
 As a Reflective Teacher
South Korea
MCI Pedagogy
for Professional Learning
 As a Learner
 As an Observer
 As a Reflective Teacher




                        Singapore
MCI Pedagogy
  for Professional Learning
   As a Learner
   As an Observer
   As a Reflective Teacher
Singapore



                              New York, USA
Japan
The Netherlands
Singapore




            MCI Pedagogy
            for Professional Learning
             As a Learner
             As an Observer
             As a Reflective Teacher
All major international tests (literacy, science and mathematics) between
1964 and 2003 were placed on a common scale. Selected countries
shown in the table.
     Score        1960-1970s           1980s         1990s          2000s
      500               Japan           Hong Kong          Hong Kong       Hong Kong
                                          Japan              Japan           Japan
                                          Korea              Korea           Korea
                                                           Singapore       Singapore
      400             Thailand        The Philippines       Malaysia        Malaysia
                                        Singapore           Thailand        Thailand
                                         Thailand
      300                                                  Indonesia       Indonesia
                                                         The Philippines The Philippines
Reference: E. Hanusek, D. Jamison, E. Jamison & L. Woessmann (2008)
mathematics
dislike math
grade eight mathematics




                                                     advanced




                                                                like math
                                           average
                           Singapore      611        48         32          23

                          South Korea     613        47         8           56

                            Taiwan        609        49         14          53

                          Hong Kong       586        34         19          37

                             Japan        570        27         9           53

                          International   500        3          26          31
intermediate
grade eight mathematics




                                                     advanced
                                           average




                                                                high




                                                                                      low
                           Singapore      611        48         78     92             99

                           Malaysia       440        2          12     36             65

                           Thailand       427        2          8      26             55

                           Indonesia      386        0          2      15             43

                          International   500        3          17     46             75
Improving Math
Instruction
The Singapore Experience

Dr. Yeap Ban Har
Marshall Cavendish Institute
Singapore

                                                        Da Qiao Primary School, Singapore
banhar@sg.marshallcavendish.com



Slides are available at www.facebook.com/MCISingapore

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Dinner Event HMH

  • 1. Improving Math Instruction The Singapore Experience Dr. Yeap Ban Har Marshall Cavendish Institute Singapore Da Qiao Primary School, Singapore banhar@sg.marshallcavendish.com Slides are available at www.facebook.com/MCISingapore
  • 2. Hanusek, Jamison, Jamison & Woessmann (2008)
  • 4. All major international tests (literacy, science and mathematics) between 1964 and 2003 were placed on a common scale. Selected countries shown in the table. Score 1960-1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 500 Japan Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Japan Japan Japan Korea Korea Korea Singapore Singapore 400 Thailand The Philippines Malaysia Malaysia Singapore Thailand Thailand Thailand 300 Indonesia Indonesia The Philippines The Philippines Reference: E. Hanusek, D. Jamison, E. Jamison & L. Woessmann (2008)
  • 5. National Curriculum  Revised once every six years  Revised Curriculum in 2013  Learning Experiences are explicit  Mathematical Modeling is emphasized
  • 6. Ministry of Education, Singapore (1991, 2000, 2006, 2012)
  • 7. thinkingscho ols learningnatio n Mathematics is “an excellent vehicle for the development and improvement of a person’s intellectual competence”. Ministry of Education, Singapore (2006)
  • 9. Improving Curriculum Greenridge Primary School, Singapore  Using Existing Research  Using Data
  • 10. Bruner’s Research  CPA Approach  Spiral Approach
  • 14. Concrete  Pictorial  Abstract 15 3=5 symboli c iconic enactive
  • 16. A curriculum as it develops should revisit these basic ideas repeatedly, building upon them until the student has grasped the full formal apparatus that goes with them. Bruner 1960
  • 17. A curriculum as it develops should revisit these basic ideas repeatedly, building upon Primary 2 them until the student has grasped the full formal apparatus that goes with them. Bruner 1960 Primary 3 Primary 4 Primary 5
  • 23. Skemp’s Research  Relational Understanding  Instrumental Understanding Conventional Understanding
  • 27. Improving Instruction  Strategy 1  Curriculum Document
  • 30. Improving Instruction  Strategy 4  Professional Learning
  • 31. MCI Pedagogy for Professional Learning  As a Learner  As an Observer  As a Reflective Teacher
  • 32. Singapore MCI Pedagogy for Professional Learning  As a Learner  As an Observer  As a Reflective Teacher
  • 33. MCI Pedagogy Hawaii, USA for Professional Learning  As a Learner  As an Observer  As a Reflective Teacher South Korea
  • 34. MCI Pedagogy for Professional Learning  As a Learner  As an Observer  As a Reflective Teacher Singapore
  • 35. MCI Pedagogy for Professional Learning  As a Learner  As an Observer  As a Reflective Teacher Singapore New York, USA
  • 36. Japan
  • 38. Singapore MCI Pedagogy for Professional Learning  As a Learner  As an Observer  As a Reflective Teacher
  • 39. All major international tests (literacy, science and mathematics) between 1964 and 2003 were placed on a common scale. Selected countries shown in the table. Score 1960-1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 500 Japan Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Japan Japan Japan Korea Korea Korea Singapore Singapore 400 Thailand The Philippines Malaysia Malaysia Singapore Thailand Thailand Thailand 300 Indonesia Indonesia The Philippines The Philippines Reference: E. Hanusek, D. Jamison, E. Jamison & L. Woessmann (2008)
  • 41. dislike math grade eight mathematics advanced like math average Singapore 611 48 32 23 South Korea 613 47 8 56 Taiwan 609 49 14 53 Hong Kong 586 34 19 37 Japan 570 27 9 53 International 500 3 26 31
  • 42. intermediate grade eight mathematics advanced average high low Singapore 611 48 78 92 99 Malaysia 440 2 12 36 65 Thailand 427 2 8 26 55 Indonesia 386 0 2 15 43 International 500 3 17 46 75
  • 43. Improving Math Instruction The Singapore Experience Dr. Yeap Ban Har Marshall Cavendish Institute Singapore Da Qiao Primary School, Singapore banhar@sg.marshallcavendish.com Slides are available at www.facebook.com/MCISingapore