This document discusses four barriers to cooperation among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It begins by noting the benefits of SME cooperation, such as risk sharing, access to new technologies and markets, and cost savings. However, it states that conflict of interest and lack of trust inhibit SME cooperation. The document goes on to discuss four specific barriers: lack of interest in cooperation due to SMEs' individualistic orientations; low trust between SMEs; concerns about losing autonomy; and difficulties coordinating independent businesses. It indicates that overcoming these barriers is important to enable SMEs to gain competitive advantages through cooperation.