Using diversity for forage development
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The document discusses ILRI's efforts to conserve forage germplasm and make it available to improve livestock productivity. Key actions include storing seed in genebanks in Ethiopia and partner countries, regenerating seeds when viability is low, screening for pests and diseases, and characterizing plant diversity and nutrition. Best-bet forages are then selected, seed is produced, and technologies are transferred to smallholder farmers through partners like national agricultural research systems. The work strengthens capacity and develops information systems and knowledge products to better manage and utilize forage diversity globally.
Using diversity for forage development
- 1. USING DIVERSITY FOR FORAGE DEVELOPMENT Challenge: How can the forage collection best serve poor smallholder livestock keepers? Actions to respond to challenge: Forage germplasm SAVE STUDY Germplasm conservation Phenotypic characterization Model or representative forage species Medium term orthodox seed storage at 8°C in Addis Ababa selected for research based on: Most original collection and long term orrthodoxseed storage at -20 °C in Addis Ababa Cowpea Importance as forage or food-feed crop Lablab Field genebank for grasses with short-lived seeds or low seed production in Zwai and Debre Zeit Safety backup of original collections in Centro Internacional de Agricultura Agronomic evaluation Link to other work in ILRI Tropical in Colombia and Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway Work in partnership and complementary Large amount of variation Diversity assessment Knowledge gaps Sesbania Napier grass Representation in ILRI collection Monitoring viability during storage Legume seeds monitored at 10 year intervals Nutritional evaluation Grass seeds monitored at 5 year intervals Accessions with low viability scheduled for regeneration Germination regimes identified for breaking dormancy Best bet forages Phenotypic characterization Morphological characterization using standard descriptors Seed production capacity Monitoring health Legume seedlings tested for virus before planting or during growing season Environmental adaptation Agronomic evaluation Napier grass tested for Napier stunt disease after each cut Diversity in yield, plant components and adaptation Infected plants removed from field Disease tolerance and drought traits in Napier Virus elimination using thermotherapy and meristem culture Pglaucum3 Pglaucum2 Pglaucum4 Disease screening for anthracnose for accessions of Stylosanthes once 14982 16902 16835 16834 16840 16838 16621 Hybrids 16783 during storage Diversity assessment 14355 14389 16799 16837 16793 ? Infected seeds discarded Breeders 14984 15357 Approaches and molecular methodologies for quantifying variation, developing 16811 16813 16815 16819 16791 16785 16787 lines 16786 core collections, identifying duplicates and confirming taxonomic identity 16789 16792 16795 16798 16800 16801 Southern Genetic relationship 16803 16806 16804 Africa Regeneration 16836 16821 and disease 16818 15743 16817 16814 Nutritional evaluation susceptibility between Breeders Seeds regenerated for storage when viability or stocks are low 16816 16839 16812 16790 accessions of Napier 16805 16807 lines Studies in variation in nutritional parameters 14983 Disease free seeds of 800 accessions regenerated per year 16788 16794 grass 16782 16810 16784 East 16822 16802 16808 16809 16796 16797 Africa 0.1 susceptible Productive and adapted forages for users Seed production USE Seeds of 60 best bet forages produced to support technology transfer in sub-Saharan Africa Selection of forages and action research with farmers NARS partners trained in forage management and forage seed production Outputs: Forage germplasm Information Capacity Number of NARS capacity in forage conservation, characterization, research and Forage accessions conserved, documented and Global catalogue of forage germplasm available to improve access to and support improved Forage type accessions development strengthened disseminated according to international standards use and adoption of forages under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Grasses 4564 Training manuals on genebank management Fact sheets on key species Individual graduate training Resources for Food and Agriculture Herbaceous legumes 10859 Databases, decision support tools and web sites developed for improving conservation, Group training 3000 samples per year distributed free of charge Fodder trees 3517 management and use of forage diversity for forage research and development worldwide Other forages 270 Knowledge base http://cropgenebank.sgrp.cgiar.org/ Total 19210 Expert knowledge system http://www.tropicalforages.info Google sites web page http://sites.google.com/site/napiergrassdiseaseresistance/home Forage crop registry http://icarda-genebank.icarda.cgiar.org/crs/forage/public/ Accession information http://192.156.137.110/forage/frgdsearch.asp Partners: SGRP, SLP, Bioversity, CIAT, ICARDA, CSIRO, Australia, Rothamsted Research, UK, KARI, Kenya, Donors: World Bank (Global public goods projects), ACIAR, DFID, Forage Diversity NARO, Uganda, TALIRO, Tanzania, IPMS, EMDTI, MoA and EIAR, Ethiopia ASARECA, Global Crop Diversity Trust Contact: Dr Alexandra Jorge, Email: a.jorge@cgiar.org