DMRC BUSINESS MODEL- Understanding their functionality.

Exploring Delhi Metro Railway
Cooperation (DMRC)
Understanding their functionality
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Harshit Gupta, Anjali Kumari, Tushar

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
01
04
02
05
03
Introduction and Overview
Business Model and Finance
Technical Infrastructure
Marketing Strategies
Survey Overview
Conclusion and Future Outlook
06

INTRODUCTION
& OVERVIEW
01

INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW
The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), India's largest and
busiest rapid transit system, is a leading example of modern urban
transportation infrastructure, renowned for its extensive network, cutting-
edge technology, and significant ridership.
1. DMRC, one of the world's largest rapid transit systems, spans over 393
kilometers and nearly 288 stations, catering to millions of commuters in
Delhi and neighboring regions.
2. DMRC ensures a seamless commute with sleek, air-conditioned trains, spacious
stations, and smart card payment systems, enhancing passenger comfort and
convenience.
3. DMRC's sustainability initiatives, like rooftop solar power arrays, showcase
its commitment to environmental conservation and energy efficiency.
47 Lakh Daily
Passengers
Connecting Delhi,
Gurgaon,
Noida, & Ghaziabad

DMRC JOURNEY
Planning Started
“1984”
Comprehensive
Study Completion
“1995”
Construction
Phase
“1998”
Yellow Line
Opening
“2004”
Blue Line
Opening
“2005”
Green and Viloet
Line Opening
“2010”
Delhi Airport Metro
Express Opening
“2011”
DMRC
Establishment
“1995”
Red Line
Opening
“2002”

VISION AND MISSON
DMRC's vision is to provide a world-class,
environmentally friendly, and reliable integrated mass
transit system.
Its mission focuses on safety, efficiency, environmental
responsibility, innovation, and employee welfare
DMRC has been at the forefront of environmental
initiatives.
It became the first railway project globally to be certified
for carbon credits by reducing carbon emissions through
innovative practices like regenerative brakes in trains.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

BUSINESS MODEL
& FINANCE
02

Funding Sources of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
JOINT VENTURE EQUITY
The DMRC operates as a joint venture
between the Government of India and
the Government of Delhi, with each
owning 50% of the corporation. This
joint venture model ensures equal
equity participation from both entities.
GOVERNMENT FUNDING
Funding allocated for various
purposes including operations, capital
investments, and expansion projects
and financial contributions from
government budgets to meet the
operational and developmental needs
of DMRC.
INTERNATIONAL FUNDING
DMRC has secured funding from
international entities such as the
Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) for specific project
phases. These international funds
are pivotal in DMRC's development
and expansion endeavours.

REVENUE SOURCES
40.13 Crore : Consultant
2000 Crore : External
115 Crore
1600 Crore
382 Crore
1975 Crore
Consultant &
External Works
Ticket Sales
Advertisement
Real Estate
Grants
Delhi Metro earns revenue by providing consultancy services to other metro
projects globally, like advising on construction, supervision, and training of
staff.
Delhi Metro generates income from ticket sales, which are affordable,
ranging from 10 to 60 Rupees. Ticket sales constitute more than
one-third of DMRC's total revenue.
Utilizes empty spaces in trains and stations for advertisements and is also done
through billboards and digital boards.
Delhi Metro rents out spaces in stations for shops, malls, housing, etc.
Property development activities contribute significantly to revenue.
Grants are received to incentivize expansion projects and do not need
to be returned.
-- FY 2021-22 Figures --
01
04
02
05
03

Financial Challenges and Solutions of Delhi Metro
Challenges
Losses, loans from JICA, balancing revenue
generation with operational costs.
Managed to recover 90% pre-pandemic ridership
levels as of May 2023.
Recovery
Solution
Implementing measures to improve revenue generation,
cost-cutting strategies, enhancing operational efficiency.
₹4677 Crores ₹5108 Crores
Total Revenue Total Expenses
₹431 Crores
Losses

TECHNICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
03

LINE NUMBER &
NAME
ROUTE LENGTH (In Km) STATIONS
Line 1 - Red Line
Rithala to Shaheed Sthal
(New Bus Adda)
34.549 29
Line 2 - Yellow Line
Samaypur Badli to
Millennium City Centre
Gurugram
49.019 37
Line 3 - Blue Line
Dwarka Sec21 to Noida
Electronic City
56.114 50
Line 4 - Blue Line Yamuna Bank to Vaishali 8.511 8
Line 5 - Green Line
Kirti Nagar / Inderlok to
Brig. Hoshiar Singh
28.781 24
Line 6 - Violet Line
Kashmir Gate to Raja
Nahar Singh
(Ballabhgarh)
46.341 34
Line 7 - Pink Line Majlis Park to Shiv Vihar 59.242 38
Line 8 - Magenta
Line
Janakpuri West to
Botanical Garden
37.461 25
Line 9 - Grey Line
Dwarka to Dhasna Bus
Stand
5.491 14
Orange Line
(Airport Express)
New Delhi to
Yashobhoomi Dwarka
Sec-25
24.909 7
Aqua Line Noida-Greater Noida 29.168 21
Rapid Metro (Gurugram) 12.854 11

ROLLING STOCK
Rolling stock refers to the collection of vehicles used
for transportation on railways, including
locomotives, passenger cars, and freight wagons.
In the context of DMRC, rolling stock specifically
refers to the trains utilized for passenger
transportation within the metro system.
Initial rolling stock manufactured by a consortium of ROTEM, Mitsubishi Corporation, and
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation but later handled by Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML) in India.
Fleet Details:
• DMRC operates 280 coaches across 70 trains daily.
• Maximum speed: 80 km/h (50 mph).
• Dwell time at stations: 20 seconds.
Features:
• Stainless steel lightweight coaches with automatic doors.
• Secondary air suspension and microprocessor-controlled brakes.
• Air-conditioned trains with a width of 3.2 meters.
• Capacity of accommodating up to 1,500 passengers per train, with 240
seated.

Enhanced Features:
• Standard Gauge coaches equipped with CCTV cameras and charging points.
• Improved air conditioning ensuring a temperature of 25°C even in crowded
conditions.
• Heaters provided for winter comfort.
Depots:
located at Khyber Pass, Najafgarh, Shastri Park, Mundaka, Sarita
Vihar, and Yamuna Bank.
Gauge Variants:
• Broad Gauge (Phase I Lines): Rolling stock supplied by Hyundai
Rotem, Mitsubishi Corporation, and MELCO.
• Standard Gauge (Phase II Lines): Initially sourced from Germany and
Sweden, later production at Bombardier's factory.

BRAKING AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
The braking and pneumatic system of DMRC trains integrates various mechanisms to ensure safe, reliable, and efficient operation. These
components work together seamlessly to slow down, stop, and hold the trains securely, contributing to the overall safety and performance
of the metro
1. Friction Brake:
1. Primary braking mechanism.
2. Uses friction between brake pads and wheels/axles to slow down or stop the train.
2. Electro Dynamic (ED) Brake:
1. Advanced braking system.
2. Utilizes electromagnetic induction to generate braking force.
3. Converts kinetic energy into electrical energy, dissipating as heat to slow down the train.
3. Parking Brake:
1. Manually operated safety feature.
2. Holds the train stationary when parked or stopped.
3. Ensures stability on inclines or uneven surfaces.
4. Holding Brake:
1. Safety mechanism to prevent unintended movement.
2. Holds the train securely when stopped at stations or during maintenance.
5. Wheel Slide Protection (WSP):
1. Prevents wheel slippage or sliding during braking.
2. Maintains traction between wheels and tracks for enhanced safety and control.

TRAIN INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(TIMS)
The Train Integrated Management System (TIMS) is a comprehensive control and monitoring system designed for train-borne
equipment within the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC).
Functionality:
1. TIMS continuously monitors control
information in the driving cab and
instruments.
2. It facilitates real-time status checks of trains
and provides emergency information to train
crew for prompt response.

DOOR SYSTEM OF DMRC TRAIN
A door on a train is basically a panel or barrier that can swing open or slide to cover an opening. Exterior
doors are the ones you use to get on or off the train.
There are three types of exterior doors available in RS2:
1. Cab or Driver's Door: Two doors per DT car for driver's access and safety.
2. Passenger Door: Each car equipped with 8 electrically operated doors, ensuring safe entry and exit for
passengers.
3. Detrainment/Emergency Door: Designed for safe passenger evacuation during emergencies.
4. Partition Door: Essential for operational and safety purposes, dividing different sections of the train.
Cab Door Passenger's Door
Detrainment
Door
Partition Door

ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL FACILITIES
Power Supply and Energy Efficiency
DMRC emphasizes efficient power supply, including normal, essential,
and UPS power, while promoting energy conservation through measures
like solar energy adoption to reduce operational costs
Passenger’s Facility
DMRC stations feature lifts, escalators, and LED lighting for accessibility. The
Environmental Control System maintains air quality, while fire protection and
water systems ensure safety.
Disaster Management
Disaster management in DMRC includes a non-smoking policy, bans on
inflammable substances, and the deployment of comprehensive fire prevention
and response systems.
01
02
03

DIGITAL FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN DMRC
TICKETING GATE SYSTEM SMART CARD
Paper – QR ticket Mobile QR ticket
The ticket gate system of the Delhi Metro includes smart cards, tourist cards, and the
National Common Mobility Card (NCMC). The system is transitioning to a QR code-based
ticketing system for seamless entry and exit using mobile phones. Despite some
challenges, this new system aims to enhance commuter convenience and efficiency.

"Momentum 2.0" by DMRC is India's 1st metro virtual shopping app, enabling on-
the-go purchases and service bookings. It offers diverse e-commerce options, last-
mile connectivity solutions, and digital lockers for secure deliveries. Users can access
transportation options and bus schedules, enhancing the overall commuting
experience.
SCAN
ME!
BEST FEATURES:
1. Integrated QR Ticketing
2. E-Shopping
3. Digital Lockers
4. Smart Utility Payments
5. Last-Mile Connectivity Solutions
6. DMRC Card Recharge
7. Automatic Top-Up Instructions
DMRC MOBILE APPLICATION

TICKET VENDING MACHINE (TVM) AVM (ADD-VALUE-MACHINE) DMRC LOCKER SYSTEM
The Ticket Vending Machine (TVM)
offers a convenient self-service
option for purchasing metro tickets,
streamlining the ticketing process
with its user-friendly interface.
The Automatic Vending Machine
(AVM) provides commuters with a
quick and efficient way to check and
recharge their DMRC smart cards,
ensuring they have sufficient balance
for their metro journeys
The locker system at DMRC stations offers
secure storage options for commuters'
belongings, with various sizes and pricing
options available at 50 metro stations.

INFRASTRCUTURE
OF
DMRC

MARKETING
STRATEGIES
04

PRICING STRATEGY
• Delhi Metro has maintained fares for a long period with a PENETRATING PRICING POLICY based
on time zones
• The fare structure also based on distance and ticket type (Smart Card or QR – code ticket).
-- PAYMENT METHODS --
Credit Card Cash Smart Card

SEGMENTATION AND TARGETING
1. Main market segment of DMRC is on the basis of Geographical Location of Delhi NCR.
2. Various routes and lines are there for every segment of the market.
3. Specifically target MIDDLE CLASS INCOME GROUP.
4. This segmentation approach allow DMRC to enhance customer satisfaction , improve service-
quality, and address the unique requirement of commuters in different parts of city.
EAST, 12%
NORTH - WEST,
23%
SOUTH, 19%
WEST, 17%
NORTH - EAST,
15%
SOUTH -
WEST,
14%
GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTATION
OF MARKET
HIGH
CLASS
MIDDLE
CLASS
(LOWER)
MIDDLE
CLASS
(HIGHER)
LOWER
CLASS
(BPL)
DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION
OF MARKET (INCOME WISE)

32%
21%
26%
16%
5%
Sales
0 - 14 Yrs.
15 - 24 Yrs.
25 - 39 Yrs
40 - 59 Yrs
60 + yrs
D E M O G R A P H I C
S E G M E N T
( A G E W I S E )

DMRC TRAVELER EXPERIENCE SURVEY
We conducted an online survey to gather real-time feedback from passengers about their experience
with DMRC and their usage of new systems or features introduced by the Delhi Metro Rail
Corporation. The survey aimed to assess passenger satisfaction and identify areas for improvement

1. Crowd Management:
Importance highlighted during peak hours.
Suggestions for improved management at major stations like Rajiv Chowk.
2. Safety Concerns:
Instances of accidents and incidents.
Proposal for stronger infrastructure and enhanced security measures.
Need for police presence, especially for women's safety.
3. Accessibility and Comfort:
Suggestions for accessibility features for people with disabilities.
Desire for more comfortable seating options.
Recommendations for expanding customer service presence.
4. Operational Improvements:
Calls for faster train routines and increased train frequency.
Specific concerns regarding the Pink Line's speed and efficiency.
5. Technology Integration:
Proposal for smart screen devices to aid travelers.
Suggestions for enhancing CCTV systems for improved security.
6. General Passenger Behavior:
Observations regarding passengers sitting on the floor and its impact.
SUGGESTIONS OR FEEDBACK
1. Rajiv Chowk
2. Kashmere Gate
3. Botanical Garden
4. Mayur Vihar Phase 1
5. Central Secretariat
6. Chandni Chowk
7. New Delhi
8. Sector 52 Noida
9. Hauz Khas
10. Bhikaji Cama Place
11. Sarojini Nagar
12. Karol Bagh
13. Delhi-Hatt INA
BUSIEST METRO STATIONS:

CONCLUSION
Understanding DMRC's significance in providing efficient public
transport, embracing technology for better services, and ensuring safety
and environmental sustainability highlights its pivotal role in urban
mobility. With a focus on future growth and modernization, DMRC
remains committed to shaping a sustainable and connected urban
landscape. Stay informed, support public transport, and provide feedback
to contribute to DMRC's ongoing efforts for a greener and more efficient
urban transportation system

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THANKS!
GROUP MEMEBERS:
Harshit Gupta
Anjali Kumari
Tushar Prajapati

RESOURCES
DMRC OFFICIAL YOUTUBE CHANNEL
https://youtube.com/@dmrcdelhimetrorailcorporat1019?
si=pfLv2y5zG1n7lAmW
DMRC INSTAGRAM PAGE
@officialdmrc
DMRC OFFICIAL WEBSITE
https://www.delhimetrorail.com/
https://youtu.be/PTh0-
EZTe4c?si=QMI90ZRY6dg2wU9m
https://youtu.be/dNDxIL2cy8U?si=j
TkPSHzERXrpr8av
https://youtu.be/ZqHolmfOcew?si=Q
ckYd1byLbzUkAJG
https://in.pinterest.com/
Online Survey Responses through
Google Form
https://forms.gle/MJsFEpJDGzmVNhhS8

DMRC BUSINESS MODEL- Understanding their functionality.

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