DOMAIN PPT-compressed.pptx for faulta transformer
- 1. FAULTS IN TRANSFORMER NAME CHINMOY DEY REGD. NO. 210301151012 BRANCH EEE 5th SEM
- 2. CONTENT TRANSFORMER FAULT CONDITIONS TYPES OF FAULTS ON-SITE INSPECTION OF TRANSFORMER 02
- 3. TRANSFORMER FAULT CONDITIONS The faults occurring on the transformer are mainly divided into two types which are, external faults and internal faults to avoid any danger to the transformer. The external fault is within the shortest time by a complex cleared. rectified possible relay Internal system is faults are mainly based on sensors and measurement systems. 03
- 4. TYPES OF FAULTS 04 EARTH FAULTS CORE FAULTS INTERTURN FAULTS PHASE-TO-PHASE FAULTS TANK FAULTS EXTERNAL FACTORS
- 5. EARTH FAULTS Earth fault is an open circuit fault where any live conductor or electricity carrying cable breaks and comes in contact with the earth's surface. In other words, it is a situation where a conductor carrying electric current comes in direct contact with the earth's surface. 05
- 6. CORE FAULT Sometimes, the bolt's insulation (used to tighten the core laminations together) fails, allowing substantial eddy current to flow through the bolt and cause overheating. This failure of insulation in the laminations and core bolts causes severe local heating. 06
- 7. INTERTURN FAULTS Interturn fault is common faults one of the of oil- immersed power transformer, insulation aging while winding interturn and continuous partial discharge are the main causes of interturn fault. A partial discharge occurs between the windings at the beginning of a transformer interturn fault. 07
- 8. PHASE-TO-PHASE These issues do not cause current to flow through earthing and thus are limited to winding impedance only. The value of this impedance is deliberately designed into the transformer unit to restrict the maximum short circuit current. 08
- 9. TANK FAULTS Failure in the tank causes loss of oil, which reduces the insulation of the windings and also causes abnormal rise in temperature because oil in the tanks helps to reduce the temperature and gives insulation and cooling. 09
- 10. EXTERNAL FACTORS 10 In addition to fault condition within the transformer, abnormal condition due to external factors result in stresses on the transformer. These conditions include Overloading, System Faults, Overvoltage & Under-frequency Operation.
- 11. On-site Inspection of Transformer 11 Introduction Safety Precautions Visual Inspection Oil Analysis Electrical Testing Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)
- 12. INTRODUCTION Transformers are critical components in electrical power systems, and regular on-site inspections are essential to ensure their optimal performance and reliability. This document provides a comprehensive overview of the key aspects to consider during an on-site inspection of transformers. 12
- 13. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS It is important to prioritize safety before beginning any Make sure all inspection. necessary safety protocols and equipment are in place, such as personal protective gear, proper grounding and following lockout/tagout procedures. Safety should always be the top priority during transformer inspection. 13
- 14. VISUAL INSPECTION Begin visual the inspection assessment with a of the transformer . Look for any signs of physical damage, such as dents, corrosion, or oil leaks. Check the condition of the cooling system, including fans, radiators, and pumps. Inspect the connectors, and bushings, control devices for any signs of wear or deterioration. 14
- 15. OIL ANALYSIS Transformeroil analysis is an important part of the inspection process. Collect oil samples for laboratory analysis to assess the condition of the insulation and identify any contaminants. The analysis will help determine if the transformer needs maintenance, such as oil filtration or replacement. 15
- 16. ELECTRICAL TESTING Conduct various electrical tests to evaluate the transformer's performance. This may include insulation resistance tests, winding resistance measurements, turns ratio tests, and polarization index tests. These tests provide insights into the condition of the insulation, windings, and other electrical components. 16
- 17. TYPES OF ELECTRICAL TEST 17 TYPE TESTS ROUTINE TESTS SPECIAL TESTS Pre-commissioning tests Transformation ratio test Dielectric test Periodic tests Winding resistance test Short-circuit test Emergency tests Load test Tests on accessories No-Load test Insulation Resistance
- 18. DISSOLVED GAS ANALYSIS (DGA) DGA is an important diagnostic tool to identify potential faults within the transformer. This involves analyzing the gases dissolved in the oil to detect any abnormal levels of specific gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. Increased gas concentrations may indicate problems such as overheating, partial discharge or arcing. 18
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- 20. REPORTING AND FOLLOW-UP 20 After completing the inspection, prepare a comprehensive report summarizing the findings, including any identified issues, recommended actions, and timelines. Share the report with relevant stakeholders, such as maintenance teams and management. Follow up on any necessary repairs or maintenance activities to address the identified concerns promptly.
- 21. THANK YOU 21