Dream interpretation and analysis of transference
- 1. COUNSELING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY Assignment. Done by Karthiga. G (19ppy017)
- 3. According to Freud: – Dreams as the road to unconscious mind. – There are two types of content Latent content – underlying meaning of the symbols in dreams Manifest content – actual literal subject matter of the dream. – Freud also described four elements of this process that he referred to as "dream work“ Condensation - information condensed into single thought. Displacement – it disguises the emotional meaning of the latent content by confusing the important and insignificant parts of the dream. Symbolization – it also censors the repressed ideas contained in the dream by including objects that are meant to symbolize the latent content of the dream. Secondary revision – in this stage, bizarre elements of the dream are reorganized in order to make the dream comprehensible, thus generating the manifest content of the dream.
- 4. According to Jung: – dreams were more than an expression of repressed wishes. – dreams revealed both the personal and collective unconscious – dreams serve to compensate for parts of the psyche that are underdeveloped in waking life. – Jung believed that dreams can be highly personal and that interpreting these dreams involved knowing a great deal about the individual dreamer.
- 5. According to Hall: – dreams are part of a cognitive process in which dreams serve as "conceptions" of elements of our personal lives. – The ultimate goal of this dream interpretation is not to understand the dream, but to understand the dreamer. – According to Hall’s theory, interpreting dreams requires knowing: The actions of the dreamer within the dream The objects and figures in the dream The interactions between the dreamer and the characters in the dream The dream’s setting, transitions, and outcome
- 6. According to Domhoff: (A prominent dream researcher) – dreams reflect the thoughts and concerns of a dreamer’s waking life. – He suggests a neurocognitive model of dreams in which the process of dreaming results from neurological processes and a system of schemas. – Dream content, he suggests, results from these cognitive processes.
- 7. Analysis of transference: – Sandor Ferenczi stated that transference is universal phenomenon – a “special form of displacement” – In psychoanalytic theory, transference occurs when a client projects feelings about someone else, particularly someone encountered in childhood, onto her therapist. – There are three types of transference: Positive transference Negative transference Sexualized transference
- 8. Positive transference: – Client experience positive transference when they apply enjoyable aspects of their past relationships to their relationship with the therapist. – This can have a positive outcome because the client see their therapist as caring, wise and concerned about them. – Example: when a person observes characteristics of his father in a new boss. he attribute fatherly feelings to this new boss
- 9. Negative transference: – Negative transference sounds bad but actually can enhance your therapeutic experience. – The therapist can use it as a topic of discussion and examine the client’s emotional response. – This type of transference is especially useful if therapist helps the client to overcome an emotional response that is out of proportion to the reality of what transpired during the session.
- 10. Sexualized transference: – Sexualized transference, if the client feelings for their therapist are: Intimate and sexual Reverential or worship Romantic and sensual – Counter transference : The therapist must always be aware of the possibility that their own internal conflicts could be transferred to the client as well. This process, known as counter-transference, can greatly affect the therapeutic relationship.
- 11. Thank you!!!