Drive Test Nemo
- 1. Nemo Drive Test on 2G/3G Networks Toha Ardi Nugraha Trainer at Expert Coaching Clinic
- 3. Reason of Drive Test? 1. Network Performance Monitoring 2. Maintenance 3. Benchmarking 4. Customer Complains
- 4. • Module 1 : Overview 3G System (1 hour) • Module 2 : Drive Test Concept (1,5 hour) • Module 3 : Drive Test on Field (2,5 hour) • Module 4 : Reporting (2 hour) • Module 5 : Analysis (2 hour)
- 5. Module 1 OVERVIEW 3G SYSTEM
- 7. GSM & UMTS Evolution
- 9. Specification of GSM • Frequency band : Uplink 890 – 915 Mhz Downlink 935 – 960 Mhz • Duplex spacing : 45 Mhz • Carrier spacing : 200 khz • Modulation : GMSK • Access method : FDMA / TDMA
- 10. GSM network Architecture (cont’d) • 3 Subsystem in GSM network - BSS (Base Station Subsystem) - NSS (Network and Switching Subsystem) - OSS/OMC (Operating and Support system or Operating and Maintenance Centre)
- 11. GSM network Architecture (cont’d) BSS (Base Station SubSystem) • BTS (Base Transceiver Station) - Radio equipment - To transmit and Receive signal to MS - Defined a Cell coverage depend on the power transmit • BSC (Base Station Controller) - RRM for several BTS - Handover management • TRAU - Rate adaption
- 12. GSM network Architecture (cont’d) NSS (Network and Switching Sub System) • MSC (Mobile Switching Centre) • HLR (Home Location Register) • VLR (Visitor Location Register) • AuC (Authentication Center)
- 13. GSM network Architecture (cont’d) Operation and Support System • Control and Monitor the Network - NMC (Network Management Centre) - Some OMC are controlled by NMC - OMC (Operation and Maintenance Centre)
- 14. GSM Frequency Bands Frequency Band GSM type Uplink (UL) Downlink (DL) GSM 900 890-915 Mhz 935-960 Mhz GSM 1800 (DCS 1800) 1710-1785 Mhz 1805-1880 Mhz GSM 1900 (PCS 1900) 1850-1910 Mhz 1930-1990 Mhz
- 15. GSM Channelization • Physical Channel – 200 Khz (Frequency Carrier) consist of 8 TS • Logical Channel – Control Channel – Traffic Channel Control Traffic Channel Channel
- 16. GSM channelization (Cont’d) Logical channel Chontrol Traffic Channel Channel Common Dedicated Broadcast Control Control Full Rate Half rate channel Channel Channel
- 17. 3G/UMTS Concept • WCDMA Concept • UMTS Architecture • Channelization • Handover
- 18. WCDMA - Wideband CDMA • Radio access technology for one of the UMTS access modes (UTRA FDD) using 5 MHz duplex channels. – Frame length is of 10 msec, Chip rate is 3.84 Mcps – All users share the same frequency and time domain – Users separated by the codes
- 19. UMTS Radio Frequency Ranges • FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) • TDD (Time Division Duplex)
- 20. Channelization in UMTS • Logical Channel between RLC and MAC – Specific for information types – What type of data to be transferred • Transport channel between MAC and PHY – Specific for “how to transfer information?” (quality guarantee) – How and with which type of characteristic the data is transferred by the Physical Layer • Physical Channel – Exact Physical characteristics of the radio channel
- 21. WCDMA Channel (Cont.'s) • Spreading means increasing the signal bandwidth • Spreading includes two operations – Channelization (increases signal bandwidth) • Orthogonal Spreading – Scrambling (does not affect the signal bandwidth) • Use pseudo-noise codes
- 22. Handover Concept BSC Handover Req Handover Acknowledge Request Handover Req Handover Req Acknowledge Acknowledge Handover Handover command Complete Handover Request Posisi 2 Site B Posisi 1 Site A Posisi 3
- 23. Handover: Types (2G) • Intracell handover – MS moves from one sector to another sector within same cell • IntraBSC handover – MS moves from cell to another cell within same BSC • IntraMSC handover – MS moves from cell to another cell from different BSC within same MSC • InterMSC handover – MS moves from cell to another cell from different BSC and different MSC
- 24. Handover: Types (3G) • Intra-System handovers – Intra-frequency handovers • Soft, Softer – Inter-frequency handovers • Hard • Inter-System handovers – Handover between WCDMA <> GSM (Hard) – Handover between WCDMA/FDD <> TDD (Hard)
- 25. Pilots Set The handset considers pilots in sets – Active : pilot of sector actually in use – Candidate : pilots mobile requested, but not yet set up & transmitting by system – Neighbors: pilots told t mobile by system, as nearby sectors to check – Remaining: any pilots used by system but not already in the other sets
- 26. Soft Handover Algorithm T T T Measurement Quantity CPICH 1 As_Th + As_Th_Hyst AS_Th – AS_Th_Hyst As_Rep_Hyst CPICH 2 CPICH 3 Time Event 1A Event 1C Event 1B Cell 1 Connected Add Cell 2 Replace Cell 1 with Cell 3 Remove Cell 3
- 27. Module 2 DRIVE TEST CONCEPT
- 28. Network Environment • UMTS Drive Test is testing and measuring performance of 3G/UMTS network. • Tools : 1. Software Nemo Outdoor 2. PC laptop 3. GPS 4. Scanner
- 29. Reason of Drive Test? • Network Performance Monitoring • Maintenance • Benchmarking • Customer Complains
- 30. Continuous Drive Test • Drive Test (outdoor) – GPS • Walk Test (indoor) – Pin point/way point
- 31. Analyze Data Collection • Analyze data that was collected before (from Log files) • To know some problems in current area
- 32. Reporting • To Answer Analyze Data Collection (Objective Answer) • Optimization Consideration • Recommendation
- 33. Parameters DT GSM 1. Rx Level 2. Rx Qual 3. SQI 4. Cell Id, BSIC 5. TA (Timing Advance) 6. ARFCN, etc
- 34. Parameters DT UMTS • UARFCN (UMTS Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number) • RSCP (Receive Signal Code Power) • RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indicator) • SC (Scrambling Code) • Ec/No • UE TxPower (dBm) • Throughput • BER, etc
- 35. Open Device Manager • Step 1: Start >“Settings”> “Control Panel” > “System” Or “My Computer” > “Manage” > “Device Manager” • Step 2: Choose “Hardware” Tab in System Properties > Click “Device Manager”.
- 36. Open Device Manager • Step 3 : • Look port to conect hardware (Modem) • Scanner/GPS & Check COM Ports
- 37. Connect UE & Check COM Ports • Double click the “3G Modem” to check Trace port number > Check under “Modem” Tab. • For UE Modem: – In device manager view:
- 38. Start Nemo Outdoor 5.07 and Load Workspace • Make sure the Nemo dongle is connected to the laptop. • Launch Nemo Outdoor 5.07. • Load the desired workspace. • Workspace should contains adequate information for the user to monitor. • Different workspace should be created for different setup configuration. • Nemo workspace are stored proper folder for easy access, eg. C:Nemo ToolsNemo OutdoorWorkspaces
- 39. Running Program Start >Program Files > Nemo Tools > Nemo Outdoor 5 • Workspace • Details • Device Configuration • Load a measurement
- 40. User Interface Nemo Outdoor 5 Device graph Worksheet
- 41. Load Workspace • Step 3: Browse to Nemo Workspace Folder -> Select “workspace” > Click “Open”.
- 43. Add Devices • Step 1: Go to “Measurement” workspace > “Add New Device”. • Step 2: Click the “Configuration” part > “Trace port” and “Modem port”
- 44. Nemo Interface • Map Interface – Open map (.tab) • Nemo logfiles and other files are stored proper folder for easy access, eg. C:Nemo ToolsResults (.nmf)
- 45. Module 3 DRIVE TEST ON FIELD (OUTDOOR)
- 47. Map Info • Exporting from Nemo Outdoor – Select Parameters • Reporting KPI with Map Info • Layer Control – Symbol • Create Thematic Map • Define Network Performance • Open Table
- 48. Export to Map Info
- 50. Report KPI With Mapinfo • KPI (Key Performance Indicator) : key to detemaint Network performance. like as , RSCP, Ec/No, etc • Mapinfo is Software for loading and mapping geogharphic analysis • File > open file (chose file extention .tab) • Ex : bandung.tap • Used Layer control
- 51. Open Log files • Example file (.tab)
- 52. Layer Control • Command: – View – Edit
- 53. Create Symbol
- 55. Create Thematic Map (Cont.'s)
- 56. Create Thematic Map (Cont.'s)
- 57. Reporting with Map Info
- 58. Open Table
- 59. Module 4 ANALYSIS (TUNING THE NETWORK)
- 60. UMTS Optimization • 3 Mayor Steps in Optimizing Network • UMTS performance indicator • Problem Signature • Tuning network – Specific Neighbor list – Managing excessive soft handoff
- 61. 3 Mayor Steps in Optimizing Network • RF optimization is the process of measuring, • analyzing, and tuning and existing network to meet network performance criteria • It usually occurs after the network planning is completed • It can be performed frequently to respond: – Changes or growth in the network – Customer complaints such as coverage, dropped call etc. – The need to improve capacity.
- 62. UMTS Performance Indicator KPI Target : – RSCP (good > -85 dBm) – Ec/No ( > -8 dB) – BER (98%) – Analyze Pilot Pollution Area – Drop Call Rate (DCR) – HSR (Handover Success Rate) – Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR)
- 63. Problem Signature • Missing Neighbor or No Neighbors defined for Site. (Database) • Poor Coverage Area. • Pilot Pollution Area
- 64. Poor Coverage Area • Test mobile measurements • Antenna configuration check • Verification of RF network design • Propagation model verification • Link budget analysis
- 65. Improving coverage – Cell spliting, Sectorisation • Difficult , Expensive • Primarily used for capacity enhancement – Overlaid cell structure • Micro- and picocells • Cellular repeaters RNC Node B Node B Node B Node B
- 66. Pilot Pollution • Active set UE > 3 and in range 5 dB or approximately 3 dB from the biggest active set. • Reduce system performance,
- 67. Antenna Fine Tuning • Horizontal plane – Possible coverage weakness between sector – Interference reduction – Traffic load distribution • Vertical Plane – Interference reduction – Possible coverage weakness in the short to medium distance range – Traffic load distribution
- 68. Tuning the Network Solution (Antenna Adjustments) Include : – Down tilting – Antenna Height – Azimuth – Type of antenna Reason of Down tilting: 1 Reduce interference 2 Optimizing cell
- 69. Antenna Configuration • General points to check – antenna type, e.g. • omni • directional 60, 90 or 120 degrees • electrical downtilt – antenna azimuth angle (for directional antenna) • coverage targets – antenna tilt angle • electrical + mechanical – diversity & isolation • e.g. space diversity, • polarisation diversity
- 70. Type Antenna Down tilt Mechanical down tilt – Physic, Sectoral Electrical down tilt – Easy 0° 0° Electrical Mechanical
- 71. Typical antenna beam pattern
- 72. Omni vs. Sectorised • OMNI cells - more difficult to optimize – Electrical down tilt possible, however • same for entire cell – Parameters same for entire cell • Directional antenna – narrower beam easier to control interference – tilting less efficient with wider beams Sectorised cell site with different downtilt angles
- 73. Reference • Short Course “In Building DCS 1800 Coverage”, Mobile Communication Laboratory, 2009 • Short Course “Drive Test UMTS”, Mobile Communication Laboratory, 2008 • Short Course “Drive Test CDMA 2001x and Optimization”, Mobile Communication Laboratory, 2008 • Short Course “CDMA Drive Test and Optimization”, Antenna Laboratory, 2007 • Nemo_Outdoor_manual
- 74. Thanks