Drying 1-1
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Drying is the removal of small amounts of water or other liquid from a material through the application of heat. It has several applications, including preparing bulk drugs, preserving drug products, and improving characteristics and handling of materials. There are different types of dryers classified based on how the material moves through the dryer, such as static bed dryers where material remains stationary, moving bed dryers where material continuously moves through the dryer, and fluidized bed dryers where a hot gas fluidizes the material being dried. Common drying equipment includes tray dryers, drum dryers, spray dryers, fluidized bed dryers, vacuum dryers, and freeze dryers.
Drying 1-1
- 1. Drying By – Kiran C.Rodge
- 2. • Definition- The removal of small amounts of water or other liquid from material by the application of heat. • Application – Preparation of bulk drug Preservation of drug product Improved characteristic Improved handling
- 3. Theory of Drying • Bound Water-the minimum water held by the material that exerts an equilibrium V.pressure less than the pure water at the same Temp. • Unbound water-the amount of water held by the material that exerts an equilibrium V.pressure equal to that of the water at the same Temp.
- 4. • Equilibrium Relationship – • EMC - it is the amount of water present in the solid which exert a V.pressure equal to the V.pressure of the atmosphere surrounding it. • Desorption • Sorption • FMC - FMC = Total water content – EMC
- 5. • Equilibrium Relationship % LOD = Mass of water in sample * 100 Total mass of wet sample % MC = Mass of water in sample * 100 Total mass of dry sample Drying rate = Weight of water in sample Time * Weight of the dry solid
- 6. Classification of Dryer Static bed Dryer Tray dryer Freeze Dryer Moving Bed Dryer Drum Dryer Fluidised Bed Dryer Fluidised Bed Dryer Pneumatic Dryer Spray Dryer
- 7. Drying Equipments • Tray Dryer
- 8. Drum Dryer
- 9. Spray Dryer
- 11. Vacuum Dryer
- 12. Freeze Dryer