EAPP UNIT 2.pptx LESSON 1 ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE

LESSON 1: PLAGIARISM;
EFFECTIVE NOTE-
TAKING

PLAGIARISM
• A serious form of academic dishonesty and is frowned upon
in the academe.
• Copying verbatim of language and ideas of other writers and
taking credit for them
• As academic writers, you have the great responsibility to
account for the ideas and language of others.

NOTE-TAKING TECHNIQUES
• There are several note-taking techniques such as
summarizing, using quotations, and paraphrasing which can
be used to address plagiarism of language.
• It expresses the ideas of works cited but at the same time
employs the voice of the author writing the academic paper.

2 TYPES OF PLAGIARISM
1.Plagiarism of ideas
2.Plagiarism of language

PLAGIARISM OF IDEAS
• Occurs when credit of work is ascribed to oneself
untruthfully
• For instance, if one writes a paper on the theory of relativity
of physics and did not mention Einstein.

TO ADDRESS PLAGIARISM, PROPER
CITATION SHOULD BE DONE:
Citations are done in different ways:
1. Author-oriented citation
Author-oriented citation starts with the surname of the
author, followed by the year of publication in parentheses. Verbs of
statement such as argues, posits, and emphasizes at the start of the
paragraph or sentence may be used.

1. Author-oriented citation
Example:
Pulido (2012) believes that language in an online
environment can be understood if other modes of online
communication are further analyzed to provide a full account of
interaction in virtual worlds.

2. Text-oriented citation
A paragraph or sentence from a source is followed with the
surname of t he author of the work and the year of publication in
parentheses.

2. Text-oriented citation
Example:
Unless educators realize the importance of reading and
writing across subject area, problems in comprehension of subject
matter will be a prominent issue in the teaching learning process
(Estacio, 2010).

ANOTHER WAY OF CITATION
Start the sentence or paragraph by using the phrase “According
to…” followed by the surname of the author and the year of
publication enclosed in parentheses.
Example:
According to Mendoza (1990), by the end of the century our
fuel reserves will be reduced to half, and scarcity of energy supplies
will be a big problem.

CONTINUATION
Aside from texts, movies, images, and music should be cited if used
on your paper. The general rule is that the Author, title of work
(may it be image, movie or music) and year it was produced (if
applicable) be included in the citation.

CONTINUATION
Consider the following examples:
Images:
1. Luna’s Spolarium (1884) inspired several artists in music
and creative writing to produce works related to this powerful
painting.
2. In 1884, Luna’s Spolarium presented the different aspects
of Philippine life.

CONTINUATION
Video:
1. Spencer’s (2009) “The Matchmaker” shows different
experiences of artists when they struggle with stardom and deal with
the consequences of fame and fortune.
2. “The Matchmaker” (Spencer, 2009) accurately captures the
trials and tribulations of fame and fortune of artists making it big in
show business.

CONTINUATION
Music:
1. The Beatles’ song “A Hard Day’s Night (1964) features John
Lennon and Paul McCartney’s genius that will influence generations of
musicians to create songs that challenges the norm.
2. John Lennon and Paul McCartney wrote the song “A Hard
Day’s Night” (1964) which is considered as one of the Beatles’ greatest
hit in their illustrious career.

PLAGIARISM OF LANGUAGE
• Happens when an author uses the language of another writer
and claims it as his or her own. There are several types of
plagiarism of language:
Consider the following examples in your book.

3 TYPES OF NOTE-TAKING
TECHNIQUES
1. Direct quotations
2. Summarizing
3. Paraphrasing

1. DIRECT QUOTATIONS
• It is employed for statements that are so closely associated that
altering the words may lose its rhetorical impact.
For instance, the statement of Ninoy Aquino, “The Filipino
is worth dying for” is too short to summarized.

• Note: employ text-oriented citations.
1. Using direct quotations means to lift text and enclose
them in quotation marks. In addition to the author’s name, the
page numbers are included.
Example:
“Globalization is just a covert term for colonization.”
(Reyes, 1994, p. 2)

2. If the text is too long, you may omit certain parts and
replace them with an ellipsis (three dots).
“Smartphones resulted from global innovations in
technology… and therefore, consumers need to be updated on
the latest trends if they want to maximize opportunities
offered by these gadgets to make daily activities more
convenient.” (De Claro, 2010, p. 7)

3. Interpolation may be done to insert notes within the
directly quoted passage to help readers understand the context
of the statement. Interpolation is marked by open and closed
brackets.

Original DQ:
“De Quiros, Zabala, Uy, and Lee believe that the education
sector should address the material conditions of schools to improve
teaching and learning.” (Danao, 2011, p. 7) Quotation with
interpolation:
[Educators] believe that education sector should address the
material conditions of schools to improve teaching and learning.
(Danao, 2011, p. 7)

4. It is important that you develop your own voice and
style of writing in expressing ideas.
20% of the total length of the work may employ direct
quotations.
For instance, if the prompt of the essay requires you to
write in at least 1000 words, you may only have a total of 200
words allotted for direct quotation.

2. SUMMARIZING
• It is a short restatement of the main idea of a text. Ideally, it
is a third of the original text of your paper. For developing
your summary, the following tips may be helpful.
1. Make sure to read the text thoroughly and highlight
the important details in the text. Bear in mind that certain
details have relationships (cause and effect for example) and
these need to be noted as well.

2. SUMMARIZING
2. After getting the main idea/s, use your own words in
your summary. Make sure to check if the relationships
between ideas are established.
3. When done with your summary, recheck your output
with the original to see if your output does not stray from the
original text. You may seek your teacher or peer’s feedback to
be sure.

3. PARAPHRASING
• It is a restatement in your own words of the main idea and
supporting details of a text. A paraphrase may match the length
of the original work.
• Consider the following tips in crafting your paraphrases.
1. Read the text thoroughly, noting both main ideas and
supporting details. If confronted with a long text, you may outline
these ideas to distinguish the major points from the minor ones.

3. PARAPHRASING
2. After identifying these, carefully state the major and
minor points in your own words, making sure that the
relationship between and among these ideas are observed.
3. Finally, when paraphrase is done, compare your work
with the original to make sure that the original intentions of
the author are not changed.

3. PARAPHRASING
The following are also several ways in paraphrasing:
1. Literal paraphrasing – This type only replaces
vocabulary terms from the original text.
2. Structural paraphrasing – This type change the
structure as well as the word class of key words of the original
text.

3. PARAPHRASING
3. Alternative paraphrasing – In this type, the writer first
poses questions about the text such as what the text is about,
how the main idea is supported, and the stand of the author
about the topic. Then, the writer answers these questions using
his/her own words after reading the text; making sure that all
the ideas are connected.

EAPP UNIT 2.pptx LESSON 1 ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE

More Related Content

Similar to EAPP UNIT 2.pptx LESSON 1 ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

EAPP UNIT 2.pptx LESSON 1 ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE