Earth and objects in the sky
- 1. Earth Materials and Objects in the Sky Identify the physical characteristics of the Earth and compare them to the physical characteristics of the moon. (5.12 C)
- 2. Vocabulary Terms Revolve - To travel in a closed path around an object, such as Earth does as it moves around the Sun. Rotate - The spinning of an object, such as the Earth, on its axis. Orbit - The path one body in space takes as it revolves around another body, such as that of Earth as it revolves around the sun. Axis - An imaginary line that passes through Earth’s center and its North and South poles. Atmosphere - The layer of air that surrounds and protects Earth. Gravity - The tendency of two masses to move toward one another.
- 3. Vocabulary Terms Mass - The amount of matter in an object. Weight - A measure of the pull of gravity on an object. Crater - A depression formed by the impact of a meteorite. Meteors - A mass of rock from space that burns up upon entering the Earth’s atmosphere. Meteorite - A mass of rock from space that passed through the Earth’s atmosphere and reached the surface. Erosion - The process of moving sediment from one place to another.
- 4. Comparing the Earth to the Moon: Craters Both the Earth and the moon have craters. The moon has many more craters than the Earth. Most meteors burn up in the atmosphere before they reach the Earth’s Surface. Why does the moon have more craters than the Earth?
- 5. Mass vs. Weight Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object.
- 6. How much would a 50 kg person weigh on the moon?
- 7. Earth and Moon: Size The moon is about 1/4 th the size of the Earth’s diameter.
- 8. Earth and Moon: Support Life? Earth’s atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. Living things need oxygen and carbon dioxide to survive. Water is also needed for survival. The moon does not have water or the gases needed to survive. Life on the moon?
- 9. Atmosphere The layers of gases surrounding the Earth are called the atmosphere. The moon does not have an atmosphere. Earth Moon Fast Fact : The atmosphere protects the Earth from extreme temperatures. It holds heat within the atmosphere and blocks many of the dangerous Ultraviolet rays from the Sun.
- 10. Earth’s Atmosphere Our atmosphere, along with energy from the Sun, produce weather on Earth’s surface. We experience wind and precipitation due to our atmosphere. Our atmosphere also protects us from meteors. Most of them burn up in the atmosphere before reaching the surface.
- 11. Our Atmosphere
- 12. Earth and Moon: Surface Erosion Winds and rain cause surface erosion on the Earth’s surface. The moon does not have an atmosphere, therefore the moon does not have wind and rain. Fast Fact : The footprints left on the moon’s surface by astronaut’s Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong remain intact and unchanged.
- 13. The temperatures on the Earth are mild. The Earth has water, which is needed to support life. Winds and rain cause surface erosion on Earth. The Earth has fewer impact craters than the moon. The temperature on the moon can vary several hundred degrees celsius. The moon does not have liquid water. Erosion does not take place on the moon. The moon has more impact craters than the Earth. The Moon The Earth
- 14. INTERACTIVE GAME SHOW A LL A BOUT T HE E ARTH A ND M OON Get Ready to Play...
- 15. Game Instructions Divide into teams of 4-5 students. Choose a column and number for your team’s question. Example: I’ll take column 2 for 300 points! After the question is read aloud your team will have 45 seconds to give your answer. (Work quietly) If you miss the question the remaining groups can write down their answer to steal the points.
- 16. Game Instructions (continued) Game play continues until all questions have been answered. Click on the FINAL QUESTION button. All teams will have an opportunity to write their answers on a sheet of paper. The teacher will check all answers for accuracy. You may risk as many points as you have earned for the final question! Add up the points to determine the team with the most points.
- 17. Game Instructions for Single Players Choose a column and number for a question. If you get the answer correct, you receive the points for that question. If you answer the question incorrectly, you lose the points for the question. Continue playing until you have answered all of the questions. Example : Let’s say that you have 200 points. You incorrectly answer a question worth 100 points. You would lose 100 points from your total.
- 18. 500 500 500 400 400 400 300 300 300 200 200 200 100 100 100
- 19. _________ means to travel in a closed path around an object such as Earth does as it moves around the Sun.
- 20. _______ is the process of moving sediment from one place to another.
- 21. __________ is the spinning of Earth on its axis.
- 22. The ____________ is the layer of air that surrounds Earth.
- 23. A ________ is a mass of rock from space that burns up upon entering the Earth’s atmosphere.
- 24. _________ is the tendency of two masses moving toward one another.
- 25. _______ is the amount of matter in an object.
- 26. A _________ is a depression formed by the impact of a meteorite.
- 27. Footprints left on the moon’s surface will remain there for millions of years, but footprints left on Earth’s surface will disappear within a few days. Explain why this is true.
- 28. Explain why our atmosphere is important to us on Earth?
- 29. How does the size of the moon compare to the size of the Earth?
- 30. An astronaut takes a rock from Earth to the moon. Describe how the rock’s mass and weight were affected by this change.
- 31. Why does the temperatures on the moon vary several hundred degrees during a normal day?
- 32. Describe the difference between mass and weight.
- 33. The moon has many more craters than the Earth. Explain why.
- 34. Write a paragraph explaining why the Earth contains life and the moon does not.
Editor's Notes
- #2: Earth Materials and Objects in the Sky (Title slide)
- #3: This slide contains key vocabulary terms and definitions.
- #4: This slide contains key vocabulary terms and definitions.
- #5: Both the Earth and the moon have craters. The moon has many more craters than the Earth. Most meteors burn up in the atmosphere before they reach the Earth’s Surface. Why does the moon have more craters than the Earth?
- #6: Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object.
- #7: How much would a 50 kg person weigh on the moon? A 50 kg person on Earth would weigh 8.3 kg on the moon. The persons mass would be the same on Earth and the moon. The weight would be different since the gravity is different on the Earth and moon.
- #8: The moon is about 1/4 th the size of Earth’s diameter. If the Earth were hollow, fifty moons would fit into the Earth.
- #9: Earth’s atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. Living things need oxygen and carbon dioxide to survive. Water is also needed for survival. The moon does not have water or the gases needed to survive.
- #10: The layers of gases surrounding the Earth is called the atmosphere. The atmosphere protects the Earth from extreme temperatures. It holds heat within the atmosphere and blocks many dangerous Ultraviolet rays from the Sun. The moon does not have an atmosphere.
- #11: Earth’s atmosphere: Our atmosphere, along with energy from the Sun, produce weather on Earth’s surface. We experience wind and precipitation due to our atmosphere. Our atmosphere also protects us from meteors. Most of them burn up in the atmosphere before reaching the surface.
- #12: In this animation you can see the meteor burning up in the Earth’s atmosphere and since the moon does not have an atmosphere the meteorite continues falling creating a crater on the moon’s surface.
- #13: Winds and rain cause surface erosion on the Earth’s surface. The moon does not have an atmosphere, therefore the moon does not have wind and rain. Fast Fact : The footprints left on the moon’s surface by astronaut’s Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong remain intact and unchanged.
- #14: The Earth: The temperatures on the Earth are mild. The Earth has water, which is needed to support life. Winds and rain cause surface erosion on Earth. The Earth has fewer impact craters than the moon. The Moon: The temperatures on the moon can vary several hundred degrees. The moon does not have liquid water. Erosion does not take place on the moon. The moon has more impact craters than the Earth.
- #15: Interactive Game: All About the Earth and Moon (Title slide)
- #16: Divide into teams of 4-5 students. (Pick a team to start) Choose a column and number for your team’s question. Example: I’ll take column 2 for $300! After the question is read aloud your team will have 45 seconds to give your answer. (Work quietly) If you miss the question the remaining groups can write down their answer to steal the points.
- #17: Game play continues until all questions have been answered. Click on the FINAL QUESTION button. All teams will have an opportunity to write their answers on a sheet of paper. The teacher will check all answers for accuracy. Add up the points to determine the team with the most points.
- #18: Game Instructions for single players: Choose a column and number for a question. If you get the answer correct, you receive the points for that question. If you answer the question incorrectly, you lose the points for the question. Continue playing until you have answered all of the questions. Example : Let’s say that you have $200. You incorrectly answer a question worth $100. You would lose $100 from your total.
- #19: Game board: Each group will take turns choosing a row and amount. Click on the row and amount to reveal the question to be answered by the group.
- #20: (Column 1 for $100) _________ means to travel in a closed path around an object such as Earth does as it moves around the Sun. ( Revolve)
- #21: (Column 1 for $200) ______ is the process of moving sediment from one place to another. (Erosion)
- #22: (Column 1 for $300) _______ is the spinning of Earth on its axis. (Rotation)
- #23: (Column 1 for $400) The _______ is the layer of air that surrounds the Earth. (Atmosphere)
- #24: (Column 1 for $500) A _____ is a mass of rock from space that burns up upon entering the Earth’s atmosphere. (Meteor)
- #25: (Column 2 for $100) _______ is the tendency of two masses moving toward one another. (Gravity)
- #26: (Column 2 for $200) ________ is the amount of matter in an object. (Mass)
- #27: (Column 2 for $300) A _________ is a depression formed by the impact of a meteorite. (Crater)
- #28: (Column 2 for $400) Footprints left on the moon’s surface will remain there for millions of years, but footprints left on Earth’s surface will disappear within a few days. Explain why this is true. (Since the moon has no atmosphere, the moon has no wind or rain. Without wind and rain surface erosion can not occur. The Earth has an atmosphere, therefore surface erosion would cause the footprints erode away.)
- #29: (Column 2 for $500) Compare the size of the Earth to the moon. (The moon is about 1/4 th the diameter of the Earth. If the Earth were hollow you could fit 50 moons inside of the Earth.)
- #30: (Column 1 for $100) How does the size of the moon compare to the size of the Earth? ( The moon is about 1/4 th the size of Earth’s diameter. If the Earth were hollow, fifty moons would fit into the Earth. The moon’s density is about 3/5 the density of Earth. The moon’s mass is about 1/81 the Earth’s mass.)
- #31: (Column 3 for $200) An astronaut takes a rock from Earth to the moon. Describe how the rocks mass and weight were effected by this change. (The mass would not change, but the weight would be less on the moon since the moon’s gravitational force is less than the Earth’s.)
- #32: (Column 3 for $300) Why does the temperatures on the moon vary several hundred degrees during a normal day? (The Sun produces harmful ultraviolet rays that are blocked by the Earth’s atmosphere. The atmosphere enables the Earth to maintain a stable, mild temperature. Since the moon does not have an atmosphere the Suns ultraviolet rays reach its surface.)
- #33: (Column 3 for $400) Describe the difference between mass and weight. ( Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object.)
- #34: (Column 3 for $500) The moon has many more craters than the Earth. Explain why. (The Earth has an atmosphere, which protects the Earth from such falling debris. The moon does not have an atmosphere therefore it is not protected from falling debris.)
- #35: (Final Question) Write a paragraph explaining why the Earth contains life and the moon does not. (Answers will vary, but should include the following information. Earth’s atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. Living things need oxygen and carbon dioxide to survive. Water is also needed for survival. The moon does not have water or the gases needed to survive.)