Eca on nortons and thevenins theoren and matlab simulation
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This document presents Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. It explains that Thevenin's theorem states that any linear circuit with voltage and current sources and resistors can be simplified to an equivalent circuit with a voltage source in series with a resistor. The document outlines the steps to use Thevenin's theorem to simplify a circuit. It also discusses Norton's theorem and how to convert a circuit into an equivalent Norton circuit using Norton's current and resistance. The limitations of Thevenin's theorem are provided.
Eca on nortons and thevenins theoren and matlab simulation
- 1. THEVENIN’S AND NORTON’S THEOREM PRESENTED BY P.ESWAR SAI (18981A0237) P.SUPRIYA (18981A0238) P.MOHAN (18981A0239) P.NITISH (18981A0240) P.SANJAYKUMAR(18981A0241) UNDER THE GUIDANCE Dr.SUDHEER VINNAKOTI ASST PROFESSOR RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 1
- 2. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS THEVENIN'S THEOREM? STEPS TO SOLVE THEVENIN'S THEOREM LIMAITATION OF THEVENIN'S THEOREM CONTENTS RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 2
- 3. INTRODUCTION Thevenin’s Theorem is a very important and useful theorem. It is a method for the reduction of a portion of a complex circuit into a simple one. It reduces the need for repeated solutions of the same sets of equations. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 3
- 4. NORTON’S THEOREM Any linear, active, bilateral dc network having a number of voltage sources and/or current sources with resistances can be replaced by a simple equivalent circuit having single current source (IN) in parallel with a single resistance (RN). RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 4
- 5. “The Thevenin Theorem explains how to simplify a complex circuit. It states that any linear circuit with only voltage sources, current sources and resistors can be simplified to a voltage source with a series resistor". But what does this really mean? Sometimes a picture says more than thousand words, so here are two pictures to explain what Thevenin’s Theorem is about. WHAT IS THEVENIN'S THEOREM? …can be represented by this simple circuit RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 5
- 6. STEPS TO SOLVE THEVENIN'S THEOREM This is the circuit to explain Thevenin's theorem. Thevenin's theorem can be explained with the help of the following simple example. The steps are as follow: Step1:Load resistance(RL) remove from the circuit terminal and for the network showning. Step2:The open circuit voltage(voc) which appear across terminala and is calculated as Voc is called the "Thevenin's voltage" (VTH). RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 6
- 7. Step 3:Removing the battery from the circuit leaving the internal resistance (r) of the battery behind it (in fig.) when viewed from terminals a and b , the internal resistance of the circuit is given by This resistance Riis called Thevenin's equivalent resistance (RTH). Step 4:Thevenin's equivalent circuit is drawn as shown in (in fig) and RL is reconnected across terminals a and b. The current through RL is given. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 7
- 8. Procedure for converting any circuit into Norton's equivalent circuit Calculate Norton Current Step 1: remove the load resistance RL (through which current is required) and short circuit it. Let terminals of load are labelled as a-b. Therefore a-b is the short circuited. Step 2: Find the current through the terminal a-b by applying KCL, KVL, Ohm’s law or Superposition principle. This current is the short circuit current and it is known as Nortons equivalent current (IN). Calculate Norton Resistance (equal to Thevinin resistance) Step 3: Set all Independent voltage Sources as short circuit and Current Sources open circuit. Dependent sources will not be changed Step 4: Calculate the resistance as “seen” through the terminals a-b into the network. This resistance is known as Norton’s equivalent resistance (RN ). Draw Equivalent Circuit Step 5: Replace the entire network by Nortons equivalent current (IN) in parallel with Norton’s equivalent resistance (RN ) and connect the load resistance RL. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 8
- 9. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 9 Theoritical Calculations Circuit1 0.157Ai1 0.25*0.628 (200/800)*ii1 0.628i 220/350 Req220/200i 150Req 120000/800Req 200)/800*(600 200toparallel600 600100500 seriesinare500,100 ,KVLUsing
- 10. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 10 110vV 200*0.55V r*iV 0.55i 220/400i v/ri 400200200 seriesinare200,200 2CIRCUIT
- 11. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 11 0.824Ai 220/266.67i 66.67220/200i 66.67Requ 20000/300 200)/300*(100 parallelinare100,200 3Circuit
- 12. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 12 49.133 824.0/110 / * 4 th th R R ivr riv circuit
- 13. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 13 Ai i rvi CIRCUIT 173.0 49.633/110 / 5
- 14. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 14 Ai i CIRCUIT 173.0 21.0*824.0 6
- 15. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 15 CIRCUIT 1
- 16. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 16 CIRCUIT 2
- 17. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 17 CIRCUIT 3
- 18. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 18 CIRCUIT 4
- 19. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 19 CIRCUIT 5
- 20. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 20 CIRCUIT 6
- 21. LIMITATION OF THEVENIN'S THEOREM : 1. Thevenin Theorem is not applicable to the circuits that contain nonlinear elements like transistors and diodes etc. 2. It is not applicable to the circuits having unilateral elements like diode etc. 3. Thevenin's Theorem cannot be used for the circuits that contain magnetic coupling between load and any other circuit element. 4. It is Not possible to apply the Thevenin's theorem to the circuits containing load in series or parallel with controlled or dependent sources. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 21
- 22. RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE BATCH 8 22