{
Chapter 2: Key Principles of
Effective Online Instruction
By: Laura Boak
 “Learning occurs through thinking, and
thinking, not technology, mediates learning”
(Montgomery & Whiting, 2000, p. 796).
 “Finally, in the full implementation of learner-
centeredness, the teacher, (now the facilitator)
provides the structure and guidance that allows
learners to create and participate in a network of
learning” (Rice, 2012, pg. 24).
Introduction
Think Pair Share
• Which image looks most student-
centered?
• Which one do you think represents
online education?
Think Pair Share
• Discuss the difference between
“Movement to Learner Centered” and
“Learner Centered.”
Traditional Models
of Learning: Face to
Face
Movement to
Learner Centered:
Online
Learner Centered:
Online
1. Learner autonomy
2. Active participation
3. Collaboration and
community building
4. Authentic assessment
5. Acquisition of 21st
century skills
Effective online learning promotes:
Taken from: http://www.franklin.edu/blog/online-
learning/http://www.franklin.edu/blog/online-learning/
Learner
http://delfinafoundation.com/programmes/public-and-thematic-programmes/theme-
autonomy/
• Taking responsibility for ones own
learning
• Gradual release of responsibility
• Exploration in line with personal interest
• Learners should reflect on their own level
of understanding
• Allow students to take some control
 Asynchronous communication tools
 Learning logs/ blogs self-refection
 https://edublogs.org/
 http://kidblog.org/home/
 Making decisions
 Digital portfolio
 https://www.bulbapp.com/
What Learner Autonomy
Looks Like
Active Participation
http://www.alzhup.com/Reta/en/alzhup/
• Interactions within the learning community
• Engagement with the content
• Students should feel comfortable and
empowered to take risks and to participate
 https://www.polleverywhere.com/
 Google docs
 Discussion threads
What Active Participation
Looks Like
https://twitter.com/polleverywhere
Collaboration and
community building
http://www.engineering.com/3DPrinting/3DPrinti
ngArticles/ArticleID/4524/Sharing-Collaborating-
Lets-Take-a-Page-from-the-Maker-Playbook.aspx
• Transactional distance- the
psychological distance experienced by
learners in an online community
• Open lines of communication should be
established between the teacher and
students
 www.padlet.com
 Google Docs
 http://thinkbinder.com/
What Collaboration and
Community Building
Look Like
http://d97cooltools.blogspot.com/2014/06/the-
ultimate-word-wall-weaving-thinglin.html
Authentic Assessment
http://crescentok.com/staff/jaskew/isr/ed
ucation/assess.htm
• Measure the key skills
associated with learning
processes and the application
of those skills
• Data collection and archival
• Provide opportunities to reflect
on course content and
objectives
 Rubrics
 http://rubistar.4teachers.org/index.php
 http://www.rcampus.com/indexrubric.
cfm
 Learner created projects
 Animated Book reports
 Creaza app
 Make a podcast
What Authentic
Assessment Looks Like
http://www.radiodiaries.org/podcast/
 “But even though students are well
versed in technologies for personal
use, they may not possess the skills
necessary to use technologies to
support learning” (Rice, 2012, pg.
35).
 Immediacy vs. the need for
reflection and critical analysis
Acquisition of 21st
Century Skills
http://www.diygenius.com/the-21st-century-skills-you-
need-for-todays-job-market/
What Acquisition of 21st
Century Skills Looks Like
 Students should be scaffolded into online
learning.
 Collaboration may difficult because of timing
and location.
 Students should be engaged to prevent poor
participation.
 Students may get distracted so expectations
should be clear.
 The online approach is time consuming.
Considerations When Choosing
Instructional Strategies
http://www.thethinkingstick.com/online-
learning-research/
 Educator
 Project Manager
 Instructional Designer
 E-learning expert
Key Roles of Online
Teachers
http://gallerylanguages.net/tips-on-how-to-earn-money-as-an-online-
teacher/

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