Effects of industrialization ppt
- 1. Effects of Industrialization on the United States: Turn of the 20th century age of expansion and progressivism
- 2. • All of the following increased during the period after the Civil War: – Natural resources – Inventions – Population in cities • This leads to advances in technology • Such increases brought about huge social issues never before experienced in the United States: – The demand for newly invented products led to an increase in production which in turn led to an increase in factory production and therefore, an increase in city populations – Structurally and logistically, cities were not prepared to accommodate so many people – Sanitation and garbage removal became a major issue – Crime increased – Factory work was long, tiring, dangerous, difficult, and it paid low wages
- 3. The age of inventions explodes during the late 1800s: • 1876- Edison invented the Light Bulb – Then he began to create power plants to make electricity • 1890- electricity is used in many homes • 1876- Alex. Graham Bell invented the telephone • These changes result in more jobs in factories – Working conditions in factories were very poor!
- 4. Workers are exploited and labor unions emerge: • Men, women, and children all faced long, hard working conditions with low wages • They formed Labor Unions to improve wages and conditions • National Labor Unions got government to adopt an 8 hour work day for government offices • Knights of Labor fought for an 8 hour work day in industry and equal pay for women
- 6. Union movements diverge and union strikes turn Violent: • Unions formed in the 1880s to help fight for worker’s rights – AFL – American Federation of Labor – trade and craft union led by Samuel Gompers • Collective bargaining – group agreements between workers and employers – ARU – American Railway Union – led Eugene V. Debs • Many unions believed problems were because of the American economic system: • Private ownership and free competition led to differences in classes and poor working conditions – IWW – Industrial Workers of the World – wanted socialism
- 7. Unions Turn Violent continued… • Many people believed in socialism - government control of business and equal wealth for all • Unions used strikes to improve their conditions – strikes sometimes became violent • Companies hired replacement workers (scabs) to work…breaking the strike The role of women and government change: • Most women were not allowed in unions but they still helped to improve working conditions • The government often forced workers back to work if the strike hurt the economy