Elements and materials

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
AND MATERIALS

ELEMENT - BEAM
MATERIALS – BRICK,
STONE, RCC, STEEL,
WOOD

ELEMENT – BEAM, MATERIAL – BRICK
Have you seen any structure having beam, made up of brick?
Yes, The Friary at Siena college. It’s a residence for the Frankian friars. The building includes
(a)Residential Wing (b)Large Entrance (c)Common Area
Where it is used? The design goal was to disguise the cold
formed metal and steel framing this led to the use of brick beams
throughout the building so that there would be no exposure to steel
How it is used? Three types of brick beams are used for the
building
(a)Interior beam
(b)Interior Beam using conjunction and steel framing
(c) Exterior beam using conjunction and steel framing
Conclusion Brick as a material supports the element beam with the
help of some steel supports. brick beam on this project have performed
well for over 30 years and still provide wonderful aesthetic brick beam
support well, solid or cavity walls.

ELEMENT – BEAM, MATERIAL - WOOD
Have you seen any structure having beam,
made up of wood? Yes, the Faux wood beam house.
It offers a very realistic appearance and are typically
constructed with molds of actual timer beam.
Where it is used? Throughout the ceiling in the house.
How it is used? They are hollowed out , unlike real
wood beams. This lends favourably to being used to
hide any exposed pipes, electrical wires, or other things
you want to go unnoticed in the space.
Conclusion faux wood beams are very durable and can
withstand a lot of time and a lot of use. While real wood will eventually begin to spoil, rot, and
chip; the faux wood beams, when properly cared for, will maintain their appearance for years
to come. They also require little to no maintenance at all to keep them looking best.

ELEMENT – BEAM, MATERIAL - STONE
Have you seen any structure having
beam, made up of stone? Yes, The Parthenon
a temple in Athens Greece.
Where it is used? It is used throughout the
rectangular framed beam. Supported by several
stone columns.
How it is used? Parthenon has a massive
foundation which is made up of limestone, and the
columns and beams are made up of marble. A material that was utilised for the first time at
that time.
Conclusion the temple is standing for several years and hence providing and everlasting
strength.

ELEMENT – BEAM, MATERIAL STEEL
Have you seen any structure having beam, made up of steel?
Yes, I-Line snap on feature channel, Bailey. The potential
combination of aluminium sheets and steel beams along
with some supporting carcassing.
Where it is used? It is used along the façade it’s
authentic glass and steel combination gives a great
aesthetic look as well as providing required support.
How it is used? Firstly by installing the web plates
then by screwing the I-Line flange clips on to web
plate concealing web plate fixing then by push
in the snap on flanges on to the supports and then finally
by wipe over and clean the site of packing.
Conclusion the structure is designed to combine low maintenance with an
expected life of at least 30 years

ELEMENT – BEAM, MATERIAL - RCC
Have you seen any structure having beam,
made up of RCC? It is the most commonly used
material for the construction of beams. It can be
easily found in any simply supported structure in
day to day life
Where it is used? All along the house, even in
construction of bridges and multi-storeyed buildings.
How it is used? With instalment of reinforced
Bar sand adding it with the concrete and hence it is widely used method for
construction of various buildings.
Conclusion it is durable and is cost effective mostly used in structures willing to
just enclose area.

ELEMENT - COLUMN
MATERIALS – BRICK,
STONE, RRC, WOOD,
STEEL

ELEMENT – COLUMN, MATERIAL - BRICK
Have you seen any structure having columns,
made up of brick? Old brick house in South Korea.
The ancient brick from China history is a building
material widely used in many ways due to its unique
vintage character. The reason of using this material
is the durability and history of these bricks from
Chinese history and the surrounding of this house
is densely populated by Chinese people.
Where it is used? The house is totally constructed
from bricks, from foundation to the roofing all is done in bricks
How it is used? The house is having effective jail work with the help of bricks
and the house withstand on the frame made using beams and column of bricks.
Conclusion this house is durable and is standing on land for long and the
weather also supports it.

ELEMENT – COLUMN, MATERIAL - WOOD
Have you ever seen any structure having
column, made up of wood? Yes, the Pine Wood
House. The pine woods which are seen in the picture
used as columns were primarily Pine wood from the
floor and the beams from the mill floors to modernize
production.
Where it is used? It is used as columns to support
the roofing and for aesthetic beauty too.
How it is used? In a bunch of four, to provide more support and to utilize all the Pine
wood excavated from the farm and from the prior house.
Conclusion it gives immensely beautiful look and a great interior and exterior and
utilizes all the Pine wood excavated prior without any residuals.

ELEMENT – COLUMN, MATERIAL - STONE
column,made up of stone? Yes, The Vitthala
Temple Hampi Karnataka. It is an ancient
monument that is well known for its exceptional
architecture and unmatched craftsmanship.
Where it is used? The iconic temple has
amazing stone structure such as the incomparable
stone chariot and the fascinating musical pillars.
How it is used? This predominant monument of hampi is a major attraction of
the ruin town and is a must see for visitors and tourists.
Conclusion the Vitthala Temple complex has the richly sculpted stone chariot,
which is considered to be the most stunning architecture of the Vijaynagara
Kingdom. The stone columns in the courtyard of the temple is the main attraction
of the interior.

ELEMENT - COLUMN, MATERIAL - STEEL
Have you ever seen any structure having
column, made up of steel? Yes, Chongming
Island Café Shanghai China the glass café project
is located on the relic of the torn down warehouse
supports by light weight steel structure.
Where it is used? All over the café the steel
supports are the ones which will provide efficient
durability and are light than usual's.
How it is used? They are being staged after every short distance to prevent the roof
from falling and support the structure.
Conclusion All over the café is being designed out of the box thinking and is a great
example of providing steel column as supporting element.

ELEMENT – COLUMN, MATERIAL - RCC
column, made up of RCC? Yes, Yale
University’s Paul Rudolph Hall is an example of
how concrete was used in Brutalist architecture.
It’s block like, hammered Exterior contains 37 levels
scattered across nine main floors.
Where it is used? It is used in interior as well
as exterior of the building in short all over the
building.
How it is used? It appears as a block like hammered exterior with a lot of elongated
columns .
Conclusion the design results from the integration of programmatic, structure and
mechanical needs. It includes the restoration of exterior walls; the installation of historically
correct windows and upgrades to all building facilities including the exhibition gallery.

ELEMENT – ROOF
MATERIALS – RCC, STONE,
WOOD, STEEL, BRICK

ELEMENT – ROOFING, MATERIAL - RCC
Have you seen any structure having roof,
made up of RCC? Yes, Santiago Calatrava’s
auditorium in Santa Cruz de Tenerife in the
Canary Islands cuts a striking figure against the
Atlantic Ocean. Inside the structure, completed
by the Spanish architect , a performance space
in enclosed by curving abstract concrete forms.
Where it is used? It is used in Symphony hall,
Chamber hall, Galleries Port and castle. The roof slant spiral shaped roofing give it an
authentic look
How it is used? The arc is build with only two supports.
Conclusion The building is famous for its great arc which marked a first in the
history of architecture. The arched roof varies in thickness from 15-20 cm. it is the only
large arch supported by only two points, while the tip silhouette of the auditorium as
seen from the sea evokes the Sydney Opera House.

ELEMENT – ROOF, MATERIAL - WOOD
made up of wood. Yes, the wooden box is
nestled in the mansions, an exclusive gated
community in Desa Parkcity, Kuala Lumpur.
The property is located on the hilltop with
commanding city views over a forest of trees
. The brief was to design a very special interior
for a three generation family.
Where it is used the striking feature of house
was the double volume rectangular box enclosing the main living space of the house.
How it is used the concept was to enhance this good space through immaculate
craftsmanship into a large wood framed voluminous jewel box.
Conclusion the thin profile, amplifies the elegance of the space. Selected raw material
wood added to the purity of the surface transforming the spaces through the use of glass
and light.

ELEMENT – ROOF, MATERIAL – BRICK
made up of bricks? Yes, Cachtice, Slovakia the
extension is part of a set of buildings on the site of
a former village brickyard. It is added to the existing
house of a former brick master. A longitudinal main
volume was a distinctive and practical feature on
the interface of the exterior and interior of the house.
Where it is used? All over the house along with
the extension part of the building.
How it is used? The extension is actually a prolongation the silhouette of the
existing house inclusive its portico. It subordinated to the existing cross-figure, but
inside it is a radically different space concept. It is an open space scheme without
the usual ceiling separating the living area from the attic.
Conclusion the roof truss could be interpreted as a scheme of typical rafter
construction or as a structural scheme of two mutually supportive sloping slabs.

ELEMENT - ROOF, MATERIAL - STEEL
made up of steel? Yes, Floodwaters, Threaten.
Built is in the flood plain along the Fox River, the
Farnsworth house, designed by Ludwig mies van
der rohe is endangered again. Floodwaters are
threatening the modernist house once more,
as water levels are rising to reach the top of the
house steel columns, covering its lower terrace.
Where it is used? it is used as a roof to shelter thee flood victims in cases of
emergencies.
How it is used? Lifted on the stilts above the ground, the architect is said to
have taken into consideration the stream’s possible movement .
Conclusion it is just an experiment to save and shelter the lives of the flood
victims and to prevent the house from drowning

ELEMENT – ROOF, MATERIAL – STONE
made up of stone? Kailasa Temple in
Aurangabad,one of the temples in Ellora caves
Maharashtra is a megalith carved from a rock
cliff face. It is considered to be one of the most
remarkable cave temples in the world because
of its size, architecture and sculptural treatment.
Where it is used? It is used as shikhara, as the
climax of the rock cut phase in Indian architecture.
The top superstructure over the sanctuary is beautifully carved.
How it is used? The Shikhara and the mandapa roof, the nandi mandapa and the shiva
mandapa have been carved out so skilfully with different patterns of motifs and ornamental
carvings.
Conclusion this temple has lasted for years now, some say it’s one of the temples from the
period of Mahabharat and Ramayana. The roof or the shikhara is the most authentic feature
of this temple.

ELEMENT – SLAB
MATERIAL - RCC

ELEMENT – SLAB, MATERIAL - RCC
Have you seen any structure having slab,
made up of RCC? Yes, The Salk Institute was
originally constructed to provide a facility lauded
for both its functionality and its striking aesthetics
and the manner in which each supports the other.
Where it is used? The entire structure was to
be simple and durable, requiring minimal
maintenance. At the same time, it was to be bright
and welcoming.
How it is used? The central court is lined by a series of detached towers whose diagonal
protrusions allow for the windows facing westward onto the ocean.
Conclusion this institute specifies the understanding of vacant space and the potrail of
the buildings involved

ELEMENT – FOOTING
MATERIAL – STONE, RCC

ELEMENT – ROOF, MATERIAL – RCC
Have you seen and structure having
footing, made up of RCC? Yes, it is quite
common and used in almost every other structure.
Where it is used it depends on the type
of soil, it’s bearing capacity. It also depends on
height of the structure, the amount of weight it
is giving to the soil.
How it is used there are types of footing
installationin which the foundation can be established such as one way reinforced
footing, two way reinforced footing, isolated column footing, combined footing and
many more.
Conclusion RCC footing is suitable and have succeeded in every way.

ELEMENT – FOOTING, MATERIAL - STONE
Have you seen any structure having footing,
made up of stone? Yes, Casa Mila also known as
the stone quarry it’s a hotel in Spain. It comes under
the UNESCO world heritage site. Free exhibitions often
are held on the first floor, which also provides some
opportunities to see the interior design.
Where is it used? In the foundation, stone foundation
is used, inspired by a mountain it is spread across large area.
How it is used? The interior layout comes from the study of Gaudi made of
medieval Fortresses. The image is reinforced by the seeming appearance of the
rooftop chimneys with great helmets.
Conclusion the structure has withstand for long and is in great condition

Elements and materials

More Related Content

What's hot (19)

Similar to Elements and materials (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Elements and materials