Embedded system
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Embedded systems combine hardware and software for specific functions, found in everyday items like cars and appliances. Key trends include advances in multicore processors and system-on-chip designs, with a strong demand for engineers skilled in firmware and circuit design. Embedded systems are characterized by limited processing power, real-time operational requirements, and widespread applications across various industries.
Embedded system
- 1. EMBEDDED SYSTEM TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS By Tamilarasan.L Gateway embedded system,trichy.
- 2. Embedded Systems • An embedded system is some combination of computer hardware and software, either fixed in capability or programmable, that is specifically designed for a particular function
- 3. • Normal everyday items contain computer chips, complete with CPU, memory, programs – Television, Automobiles, Irrigation – cell phones, GPS – microwave, home alarms – network routers, game consoles • Special purpose machines contain computers – Manufacturing,sensing – ATM machines, kiosks – Medical Instruments , Aircraft , Satellites
- 4. Application Domains: – Automotive, Avionics, Industrial Automation, Telecommunication, Consumer Electronics, Medical. Cutting edge: – Multicore processors, Network on Chip, System on chip (e.g. the iPhone, PS-3)
- 5. Companies looking for professionals • Firmware Engineer • Hardware Engineer • Verilog, VHDL or VHSIC - VLSI design • Circuit design and simulations • Digital PCB design and routing
- 6. Embedded Systems • A “special purpose” unit – e.g. simple cell phone • Has a CPU, memory and programs that control mainly physical things – The program is preinstalled and cannot be changed easily • Has limited processing power and limited electrical power and limited data storage • Has “intelligence” – Can be configured, personalized, “programmed”
- 7. How to learn embedded system • Learning an embedded system includes learning both software and hardware aspects, • C programming book
- 9. Microcontrollers Available • 8051, 8096: Primitive μCs from Intel • PIC series: μCs from Microchip • ATmega series: AVR μCs from Atmel • MSP series: from Texas Instruments • Coldfire series: from Freescale Semiconductor • LPC series: from NXP Semiconductors • RX100/200 series: from RENESAS
- 10. The Seven Segment Display Display ControllerCounter Clock 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 …..
- 11. Automobile Computers • Engine control computer • Simplification of the manufacture and design of cars • Reduction of the amount of wiring in cars • New safety features • New comfort and convenience features
- 12. Engine Control unit (ECU) • Read sensors (temp, pedal position, exhaust) and control fuel injector and spark timing • Control engine fan • Handle the CAN (communication area networking) that is becoming common in cars. • Interface with climate and other passenger controls • Provide diagnostics
- 13. Other computers in car • There are more processors in the car other than ECU – ABS system – Climate control – Cruise control – Dashboard – Automatic doors.
- 14. Embedded Systems • There are more “embedded systems” in the world than regular computers • Explosive growth • Research directions: – Power management – “system on a chip” – “network on a chip”
- 15. Characteristics • Cost and power consumption • Reliability • 24x7 • Performance • Programs on an embedded system often must run with real time constraints with limited hardware resources.