"Enabling Googley microservices with gRPC." at Devoxx France 2017

Enabling Googley microservices with gRPC.
A high performance, open source, HTTP/2-based RPC framework.
April 7, 2017
Alex Borysov @aiborisov
#DevoxxFR

Google Cloud Platform
Alex Borysov
• Software Engineer at Google
• Active gRPC user.
@aiborisov
#DevoxxFR

What is gRPC?
Au commencement était la Stubby.
#DevoxxFR @aiborisov

What is gRPC?
Au commencement était la Stubby
gRPC stands for gRPC Remote Procedure Calls.
A high performance, open source, general purpose
standards-based, feature-rich RPC framework.
Open sourced version of Stubby RPC used in Google.
Actively developed and production-ready, current
version is 1.2.0.

Why gRPC?
Photo taken by Andrey Borisenko.

gRPC vs JSON/HTTP for Google Cloud Pub/Sub
3x increase in throughput
https://cloud.google.com/blog/big-data/2016/03/announcing-grpc-alpha-for-google-cloud-pubsub
11x difference per CPU

Google ~O(1010
) QPS.

Google ~O(1010
) QPS.
Your project QPS?

Continuous Performance Benchmarking
http://www.grpc.io/docs/guides/benchmarking.html
8 core VMs, unary
32 core VMs, unary

• Single TCP connection.
• No Head-of-line blocking.
• Binary framing layer.
• Header Compression.
HTTP/2 in One Slide
Transport(TCP)
Application (HTTP/2)
Network (IP)
Session (TLS) [optional]
Binary Framing
HEADERS Frame
DATA Frame
HTTP/2
POST: /upload
HTTP/1.1
Host: www.javaday.org.ua
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 27
HTTP/1.x
{“msg”: “Welcome to 2017!”}

HTTP/1.x vs HTTP/2
http://www.http2demo.io/
https://http2.golang.org/gophertiles
HTTP/1.1 HTTP/2

Okay, but how?

Service Definition

Service Definition (weather.proto)

syntax = "proto3";
option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_package = "fr.devoxx.grpcexample";
package grpcexample;
service Weather {
rpc GetCurrent(WeatherRequest) returns (WeatherResponse);
}

syntax = "proto3";
service Weather {
}
message WeatherRequest {
Coordinates coordinates = 1;
message Coordinates {
fixed64 latitude = 1;
fixed64 longitude = 2;
}
}
message WeatherResponse {
Temperature temperature = 1;
float humidity = 2;
}
message Temperature {
float degrees = 1;
Units units = 2;
enum Units {
FAHRENHEIT = 0;
CELSIUS = 1;
KELVIN = 2;
}
}

Generated Classes
$ ls -1 build/generated/source/proto/main/java/fr/devoxx/grpcexample/
Temperature.java
TemperatureOrBuilder.java
WeatherProto.java
WeatherRequest.java
WeatherRequestOrBuilder.java
WeatherResponse.java
WeatherResponseOrBuilder.java

Generated Classes
$ ls -1 build/generated/source/proto/main/java/fr/devoxx/grpcexample/
Temperature.java
TemperatureOrBuilder.java
WeatherProto.java
WeatherRequest.java
WeatherRequestOrBuilder.java
WeatherResponse.java
WeatherResponseOrBuilder.java
$ ls -1 build/generated/source/proto/main/grpc/fr/devoxx/grpcexample/
WeatherGrpc.java

Implement gRPC Service
public class WeatherService extends WeatherGrpc.WeatherImplBase {
@Override
public void getCurrent(WeatherRequest request,
StreamObserver<WeatherResponse> responseObserver) {
}
}
Abstract class

@Override
public interface StreamObserver<WeatherResponse> responseObserver){{
void onNext(WeatherResponse response);
void onCompleted();
void onError(Throwable error);
}
}
}

@Override
WeatherResponse response = WeatherResponse.newBuilder()
.setTemperature(Temperature.newBuilder().setDegrees(70).setUnits(FAHRENHEIT))
.setHumidity(.65f).build();
responseObserver.onNext(response);
responseObserver.onCompleted();
}
}

Start gRPC Server
void start() throws IOException {
Server grpcServer = NettyServerBuilder.forPort(8090)
.addService(new WeatherService()).build()
.start();
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(grpcServer::shutdown));
grpcServer.awaitTerminaton();
}

gRPC Clients
ManagedChannel grpcChannel = NettyChannelBuilder.forAddress("localhost", 8090).build();
WeatherGrpc.WeatherStub client = WeatherGrpc.newStub(grpcChannel);

gRPC Clients
WeatherGrpc.WeatherStub client = WeatherGrpc.newStub(grpcChannel);
WeatherGrpc.WeatherBlockingStub blockingClient = WeatherGrpc.newBlockingStub(grpcChannel);
WeatherGrpc.WeatherFutureStub futureClient = WeatherGrpc.newFutureStub(grpcChannel);

gRPC Sync Client
WeatherRequest request = WeatherRequest.newBuilder()
.setCoordinates(Coordinates.newBuilder().setLatitude(420000000)
.setLongitude(-720000000)).build();
WeatherResponse response = blockingClient.getCurrent(request);
logger.info("Current weather for {}: {}", request, response);

gRPC Async Client
WeatherRequest request = WeatherRequest.newBuilder()
.setCoordinates(Coordinates.newBuilder().setLatitude(420000000)
.setLongitude(-720000000)).build();
client.getCurrent(request, new StreamObserver<WeatherResponse>() {
@Override
public void onNext(WeatherResponse response) {
logger.info("Current weather for {}: {}", request, response);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) { logger.info("Cannot get weather for {}", request); }
@Override
public void onCompleted() { logger.info("Stream completed."); }
});

Adding New [Micro]Services
Weather
Weather
Temp
Wind
Humidity

Service Definitions
service Weather {
}
service TemperatureService {
rpc GetCurrent(Coordinates) returns (Temperature);
}
service HumidityService {
rpc GetCurrent(Coordinates) returns (Humidity);
}
service WindService {
rpc GetCurrent(Coordinates) returns (Wind);
}

Service Definition - Response Message
float humidity = 2;
}

Adding New Field
float humidity = 2;
Wind wind = 3;
}
message Wind {
Speed speed = 1;
float direction = 2;
}
message Speed {
float value = 1;
Units units = 2;
enum Units {
MPH = 0;
MPS = 1;
KNOTS = 2;
KMH = 3;
}
}

private final TemperatureServiceBlockingStub temperatureService;
private final HumidityServiceBlockingStub humidityService;
private final WindServiceBlockingStub windService;
public WeatherService(TemperatureServiceBlockingStub temperatureService,
HumidityServiceBlockingStub humidityService,
WindServiceBlockingStub windService) {
this.temperatureService = temperatureService;
this.humidityService = humidityService;
this.windService = windService;
}
...
Blocking Stub Dependencies

...
@Override
Temperature temperature = temperatureService.getCurrent(request.getCoordinates());
Humidity humidity = humidityService.getCurrent(request.getCoordinates());
Wind wind = windService.getCurrent(request.getCoordinates());
WeatherResponse response = WeatherResponse.newBuilder().setTemperature(temperature)
.setHumidity(humidity.getValue()).setWind(wind).build();
responseObserver.onNext(response);
}
}
Blocking Stub Dependencies

35
Blocking Stubs
Temp
Humidity
Wind

private final TemperatureServiceFutureStub tempService;
private final HumidityServiceFutureStub humidityService;
private final WindServiceFutureStub windService;
public WeatherService(TemperatureServiceFutureStub tempService,
HumidityServiceFutureStub humidityService,
WindServiceFutureStub windService) {
this.tempService = tempService;
this.humidityService = humidityService;
this.windService = windService;
}
...
Async Future Stub Dependencies

@Override
public void getCurrent(WeatherRequest request, StreamObserver<WeatherResponse> responseObserver) {
Coordinates coordinates = request.getCoordinates();
ListenableFuture<List<WeatherResponse>> responsesFuture = Futures.allAsList(
Futures.transform(tempService.getCurrent(coordinates),
(Temperature temp) -> WeatherResponse.newBuilder().setTemperature(temp).build()),
Futures.transform(windService.getCurrent(coordinates),
(Wind wind) -> WeatherResponse.newBuilder().setWind(wind).build()),
Futures.transform(humidityService.getCurrent(coordinates), (Humidity humidity) ->
WeatherResponse.newBuilder().setHumidity(humidity.getValue()).build())
);
...

...
Futures.addCallback(responsesFuture, new FutureCallback<List<WeatherResponse>>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(@Nullable List<WeatherResponse> results) {
WeatherResponse.Builder response = WeatherResponse.newBuilder();
results.forEach(response::mergeFrom);
responseObserver.onNext(response.build());
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Throwable t) { responseObserver.onError(t); }
});
}
}
@Override

Netty Transport
WeatherGrpc.WeatherFutureStub futureClient = WeatherGrpc.newFutureStub(grpcChannel);
.addService(new WeatherService()).build().start();

Netty: Asynchronous and Non-Blocking IO
Netty-based transport:
• Multiplexes conn-s on the event loops: EpollEventLoopGroup, NioEventLoopGroup.
• Decouples I/O waiting from threads.
• gRPC uses Netty event loops for both client and server transports.
Request
Event
Loop
Worker thread
Worker thread
Worker thread
Worker thread
Worker thread
Worker thread
Worker thread
Event
Loop
Event
Loop
Event
Loop
Callback
Request
Callback
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
N
e
t
w
o
r
k

@Override
...
Futures.addCallback(responsesFuture, new FutureCallback<List<WeatherResponse>>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(@Nullable List<WeatherResponse> results) {
WeatherResponse.Builder response = WeatherResponse.newBuilder();
results.forEach(response::mergeFrom);
responseObserver.onNext(response.build());
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Throwable t) { responseObserver.onError(t); }
});
}
}

Panta rhei, "everything flows".
Heraclitus of Ephesus
~2,400 years Before HTTP/1.x
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraclitus
“ ”

Streaming Service Definitions
service WeatherStreaming {
rpc GetCurrent(WeatherRequest) returns (stream WeatherResponse);
}
service TemperatureServiceStreaming {
rpc GetCurrent(Coordinates) returns (stream Temperature);
}
service HumidityServiceStreaming {
rpc GetCurrent(Coordinates) returns (stream Humidity);
}
service WindServiceStreaming {
rpc GetCurrent(Coordinates) returns (stream Wind);
}

Bidirectional Streaming Service Definitions
rpc GetCurrent(stream WeatherRequest) returns (stream WeatherResponse);
}
rpc GetCurrent(stream Coordinates) returns (stream Temperature);
}
rpc GetCurrent(stream Coordinates) returns (stream Humidity);
}
rpc GetCurrent(stream Coordinates) returns (stream Wind);
}

Bidirectional Streaming Service Definitions
rpc Observe(stream WeatherRequest) returns (stream WeatherResponse);
}
rpc Observe(stream Coordinates) returns (stream Temperature);
}
rpc Observe(stream Coordinates) returns (stream Humidity);
}
rpc Observe(stream Coordinates) returns (stream Wind);
}

Bidirectional Streaming Service
public class WeatherStreamingService extends WeatherStreamingGrpc.WeatherStreamingImplBase {
...
@Override
public StreamObserver<WeatherRequest> observe(StreamObserver<WeatherResponse> responseObserver) {

...
@Override
StreamObserver<Coordinates> temperatureClientStream =
temperatureService.observe(new StreamObserver<Temperature>() {
@Override
public void onNext(Temperature temperature) {
WeatherResponse resp = WeatherResponse.newBuilder().setTemperature(temperature).build()
responseObserver.onNext(resp);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) { responseObserver.onError(t); }
@Override
public void onCompleted() { responseObserver.onCompleted(); } });
...
}

return new StreamObserver<WeatherRequest>() {
@Override
public void onNext(WeatherRequest request) {
temperatureClientStream.onNext(request.getCoordinates());
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable t) { temperatureClientStream.onError(t); }
@Override
public void onCompleted() { temperatureClientStream.onCompleted(); }
};
}
...
@Override
StreamObserver<Coordinates> temperatureClientStream = ...

54
Messaging applications.
Games / multiplayer tournaments.
Moving objects.
Sport results.
Stock market quotes.
Smart home devices.
You name it!
Streaming Use-Cases

Continuous Performance Benchmarking
http://www.grpc.io/docs/guides/benchmarking.html
8 core VMs, streaming
32 core VMs, streaming

gRPC Speaks Your Language
● Java
● Go
● C/C++
● C#
● Node.js
● PHP
● Ruby
● Python
● Objective-C
● MacOS
● Linux
● Windows
● Android
● iOS
Service definitions and client libraries Platforms supported

Interoperability
Java
Service
Python
Service
GoLang
Service
C++
Service
gRPC
Service
gRPC
Stub
gRPC
Stub
gRPC
Stub
gRPC
Stub
gRPC
Service
gRPC
Service
gRPC
Service
gRPC
Stub

58
Things will break!
Don’t pretend you can eliminate every
possible source of failure.
Integration points are #1 killer of
software systems.
Fault Tolerance?

Use time-outs!
Because your code cannot wait forever.
Captain
“ ”* Original photo taken by Stanislav Vedmid
.

Timeouts?
GW
A1 A2 A3
B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
200 ms
?
?
?
? ?
? ?
? ?

Default Timeout For Every Service?
GW
A1 A2 A3
B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
200 ms
200 ms
200 ms
200 ms
200 ms 200 ms
200 ms 200 ms
200 ms 200 ms

Gateway
20 ms 10 ms 10 ms
FastFastFast
30 ms 40 ms 20 ms
130 ms
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout

Gateway
30 ms 80 ms 100 ms
SlowFair
210 ms
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout

30 ms 80 ms 100 ms
SlowFair
210 ms
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout

80 ms 100 ms
SlowFair
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
Still working!

BusyBusy
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
Idle Busy

BusyBusy
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
Idle Busy
R
e
t
r
y

200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
200 ms
timeout
R
e
t
r
y

Tune Timeout For Every Service?
GW
A1 A2 A3
B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
200 ms
190 ms
190 ms
190 ms
110 ms 50 ms
110 ms 50 ms
110 ms 50 ms

Gateway
200 ms
timeout
190 ms
timeout
110 ms
timeout
30 ms 80 ms 25 ms
FastFair
55 ms
Fast
30 ms
50 ms
timeout

Gateway
200 ms
timeout
190 ms
timeout
110 ms
timeout
30 ms 80 ms 25 ms
Fair
55 ms
Fast
30 ms
50 ms
timeout

Timeouts for Real World?
GW
A1 A2 A3
B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
200 ms

Timeouts for Real World?
GW
A1 A2 A3
B1 B2 B3
C1 C2 C3
200 ms
2,500 ms
140 ms

76
Timeouts in gRPC

77
gRPC Java does not support timeouts.
Timeouts in gRPC

78
gRPC Java does not support timeouts.
gRPC supports deadlines instead!
gRPC Deadlines
WeatherResponse response =
client.withDeadlineAfter(200, MILLISECONDS)
.getCurrent(request);

79
First-class feature in gRPC.
Deadline is an absolute point in time.
Deadline indicates to the server how
long the client is willing to wait for an
answer.
RPC will fail with DEADLINE_EXCEEDED
status code when deadline reached.
gRPC Deadlines

gRPC Deadline Propagation
Gateway
90 ms
Now =
1476600000000
Deadline =
1476600000200
Remaining = 200
40 ms
20 ms
20 ms 60 ms
withDeadlineAfter(200, MILLISECONDS)
DEADLINE_EXCEEDED DEADLINE_EXCEEDED DEADLINE_EXCEEDED DEADLINE_EXCEEDED
Now =
1476600000040
Deadline =
1476600000200
Remaining = 160
Now =
1476600000150
Deadline =
1476600000200
Remaining = 50
Now =
1476600000230
Deadline =
1476600000200
Remaining = -30

81
Deadlines are automatically propagated!
Can be accessed by the receiver!
gRPC Deadlines
Context context = Context.current();
context.getDeadline().isExpired();
context.getDeadline()
.timeRemaining(MILLISECONDS);
context.getDeadline().runOnExpiration(() ->
logger.info("Deadline exceeded!"), exec);

82
Deadlines are expected.
What about unpredictable cancellations?
• User cancelled request.
• Caller is not interested in the result any
more.
• etc
Cancellation?

Cancellation?
GW
Busy Busy Busy
Busy Busy Busy
Busy Busy Busy
RPC
Active RPC Active RPC
Active RPC
Active RPC Active RPCActive RPC
Active RPC

Cancellation?
GW
Busy Busy Busy
Busy Busy Busy
Busy Busy Busy
Active RPC
Active RPC Active RPCActive RPC
Active RPC

Cancellation Propagation
GW
Idle Idle Idle
Idle Idle Idle
Idle Idle Idle

86
Automatically propagated.
RPC fails with CANCELLED status code.
Cancellation status can be accessed by
the receiver.
Server (receiver) always knows if RPC is
valid!
gRPC Cancellation

gRPC Cancellation
...
@Override
ServerCallStreamObserver<WeatherResponse> streamObserver =
(ServerCallStreamObserver<WeatherResponse>) responseObserver;
streamObserver.isCancelled();
...

gRPC Cancellation
...
@Override
streamObserver.setOnCancelHandler(() -> {
cleanupResources();
logger.info("Call cancelled by client!");
});
...

gRPC Context
...
@Override
Context.current().getDeadline();
Context.current().isCancelled();
Context.current().cancellationCause();
Context.current().addListener(context -> {
cleanupResources();
logger.info("Call cancelled by client!"); }, executor)
...

More Control?

BiDi Streaming - Slow Client
Fast Server
Request
Responses
Slow Client
CANCELLED
UNAVAILABLE
RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED

BiDi Streaming - Slow Server
Slow Server
Request
Response
Fast Client
CANCELLED
UNAVAILABLE
RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED
Requests

Client-Side Flow-Control
Server
Request, count = 4
Client
2 Responses
4 Responses
Count = 2

Server-Side Flow-Control
Server
Request
Client
Response
count = 2
2 Requests
count = 3
3 Requests

Flow-Control (Client-Side)
CallStreamObserver<WeatherRequest> requestStream =
(CallStreamObserver) client.observe(new ClientResponseObserver<WeatherRequest, WeatherResponse>() {
@Override
public void beforeStart(ClientCallStreamObserver outboundStream) {
outboundStream.disableAutoInboundFlowControl();
}
@Override
public void onNext(WeatherResponse response) { processResponse(response); }
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) { logger.error("Error on weather request.", e); }
@Override
public void onCompleted() { logger.info("Stream completed."); }
});
requestStream.onNext(request);
requestStream.request(3); // Request up to 3 responses from server

Flow-Control (Client-Side)
...
@Override
streamObserver.setOnReadyHandler(() -> {
if (streamObserver.isReady()) {
streamObserver.onNext(calculateWeather());
}
});
...

101
Flow-control helps to balance
computing power and network
capacity between client and server.
gRPC supports both client- and
server-side flow control.
Disabled by default.
Flow-Control
Photo taken by Andrey Borisenko.

What else?

103
Service Discovery
Load Balancing
Tracing, debugging
Monitoring
Testing
Microservices?

Service Discovery & Load Balancing
HTTP/2
RPC Server-side App
Service Definition
(extends generated definition)
ServerCall handler
TransportTransport
ServerCall
RPC Client-Side App
Channel
Stub
Future
Stub
Blocking
Stub
ClientCall

HTTP/2
RPC Client-Side App
Instance
#1
Instance
#N
Instance
#2
RPC Server-side Apps
Transport
Channel
Stub
Future
Stub
Blocking
Stub
ClientCall

HTTP/2
RPC Client-Side App
Channel
Stub
Future
Stub
Blocking
Stub
ClientCall
RPC Server-side Apps
Tran #1 Tran #2 Tran #N
Service Definition
(extends generated definition)
ServerCall handler
Transport
ServerCall
NameResolver LoadBalancer
Pluggable
Load
Balancing
and
Service
Discovery

ManagedChannel grpcChannel = NettyChannelBuilder.forTarget("WeatherSrv")
.nameResolverFactory(new DnsNameResolverProvider())
.loadBalancerFactory(RoundRobinLoadBalancerFactory.getInstance())
.build();

ManagedChannel grpcChannel = NettyChannelBuilder.forTarget("WeatherSrv")
.nameResolverFactory(new DnsNameResolverProvider())
.loadBalancerFactory(RoundRobinLoadBalancerFactory.getInstance())
.build();
Design documents:
• Load Balancing in gRPC:
https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/doc/load-balancing.md
• gRPC Java Name Resolution and Load Balancing v2: http://tiny.cc/grpc-java-lb-v2

Testing Support
In-process server transport: fully-featured, high performance, and useful in testing.
In-process client side channel: fully-featured, high performance, and useful in
testing.

Testing Support - InProcess
WeatherServiceAsync weatherService =
new WeatherServiceAsync(tempService, humidityService, windService);
Server grpcServer = InProcessServerBuilder.forName("weather")
.addService(weatherService).build();

Testing Support - InProcess
WeatherServiceAsync weatherService =
new WeatherServiceAsync(tempService, humidityService, windService);
Server grpcServer = InProcessServerBuilder.forName("weather")
.addService(weatherService).build();
Channel grpcChannel = InProcessChannelBuilder.forName("weather").build();
WeatherBlockingStub stub =
WeatherGrpc.newBlockingStub(grpcChannel).withDeadlineAfter(100, MILLISECONDS);

Testing Support
In-process server transport and client-side channel
StreamRecorder - StreamObserver that records all the observed values and errors.
MetadataUtils for testing metadata headers and trailer.
grpc-testing - utility functions for unit and integration testing:
https://github.com/grpc/grpc-java/tree/master/testing

Distributed Tracing
A B C
D E F
G H J

Distributed Tracing with Zipkin/Brave
https://github.com/openzipkin/brave/tree/master/brave-grpc
// server-side
.addService(ServerInterceptors.intercept(new WeatherService(),
new BraveGrpcServerInterceptor(brave("wind"))))
.build();
// client-side
Channel windChannel = NettyChannelBuilder.forAddress(windserverAddress()).build();
WindServiceStub windClient = WindServiceGrpc.newStub(
ClientInterceptors.intercept(windChannel,
new BraveGrpcClientInterceptor(brave("weather_to_wind"))));

More Features
Interceptors to add cross-cutting behavior:
• Client- and server-side
Monitoring:
• gRPC Prometheus.
• grpcz-monitoring
• More Monitoring APIs are coming.
Built-in authentication mechanisms:
• SSL/TLS.
• Token-based authentication with Google.
• Authentication API.
Payload compression: https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/doc/compression.md

Growing Community and Ecosystem
https://github.com/grpc-ecosystem
Polyglot is a universal grpc command line client.
grpc-gateway generates a reverse-proxy server which translates a RESTful JSON API into gRPC.
OpenTracing is a set of consistent, expressive, vendor-neutral APIs for distributed tracing and
context propagation.
Prometheus monitoring support for grpc-java and grpc-go.

Try It Out!
http://grpc.io
Twitter @grpcio
gRPC on Github: https://github.com/grpc
Google group: grpc-io@googlegroups.com
gRPC Java quickstart: http://www.grpc.io/docs/quickstart/java.html
gRPC Java tutorial: http://www.grpc.io/docs/tutorials/basic/java.html
gRPC contribution: https://github.com/grpc/grpc-contrib

Takeaways
Microservices are not a free lunch!
gRPC (http://grpc.io):
• HTTP/2 transport based, open source, general purpose
standards-based, feature-rich RPC framework.
• Bidirectional streaming over one single TCP connection.
• Netty transport provides asynchronous and non-blocking I/O.
• Deadline and cancellations propagation.
• Client and server-side flow-control.
• Pluggable service discovery and load-balancing
• Supports 10 programming languages.
• Build-in testing support.
• Production-ready (current version is 1.2.0) and growing ecosystem.

Thank You

Images Used
Special thanks for the provided photos:
• Andrey Borisenko
• Stanislav Vedmid
Photo from https://www.google.com/about/datacenters page:
• https://www.google.com/about/datacenters/gallery/#/tech/12
Photos licenced by Creative Commons 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ :
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/garryknight/5754661212/ by Garry Knight
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/sodaigomi/21128888345/ by sodai gomi
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/zengame/15972170944/ by Zengame
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/londonmatt/18496249193/ by Matt Brown
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/gazeronly/8058105980/ by torbakhopper

"Enabling Googley microservices with gRPC." at Devoxx France 2017

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