Energy conversion
- 1. Energy Conversion and Conservation
- 2. Where can we find energy Energy is all around you! You can hear energy as sound. You can see energy as light. And you can feel it as wind. Energy can be defined as the ability to do work. With a measuring unit of joules (J).
- 3. Forms of Energy The five main forms of energy are: Heat Chemical Electromagnetic Nuclear Mechanical
- 5. Heat Energy The internal motion of the atoms is called heat energy, because moving particles produce heat. Heat energy can be produced by friction. Heat energy causes changes in temperature and phase of any form of matter.
- 7. Chemical Energy Chemical Energy is required to bond atoms together. When bonds are broken, energy is released. Fuel and food are forms of stored chemical energy.
- 8. Power lines carry electromagnetic energy into your home in the form of electricity. Electromagnetic Energy
- 9. Nuclear Energy The nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy. When the nucleus splits (fission), nuclear energy is released in the form of heat energy and light energy. Nuclear energy is also released when nuclei collide at high speeds and join (fuse).
- 10. Mechanical Energy When work is done to an object, it acquires energy. The energy it acquires is known as mechanical energy. Ex: kicking a ball
- 11. K.E. = mass x velocity 2 The energy of motion is called kinetic energy. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. The greater the mass of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has. Kinetic energy depends on both mass and velocity. Kinetic Energy
- 12. Potential Energy Potential Energy is stored energy. Stored chemically in fuel, the nucleus of atom, and in foods. Or stored because of the work done on it: Stretching a rubber band. Winding a watch. Pulling back on a bow’s arrow. Lifting a brick high in the air.
- 14. Conversions Between Forms of Energy Energy Conversion: Is a change from one form of energy to another. Most forms of energy can be converted into other forms. Ex: Lamp and clock convert electrical energy into electromagnetic.
- 15. Energy Conversions Body converts chemical energy in the food you eat to mechanical energy you need to move your muscles. It is also changed into thermal energy your body needs to maintain its temperature. A toaster converts electrical energy to thermal energy.
- 16. Series of Energy Conversions Strike a match: Mechanical energy used to scratch the match is converted to thermal energy. The thermal energy causes the match to release stored chemical energy, which is converted to thermal energy and to energy you see as light.
- 17. Example of Series: Car engine: Electrical energy produces a hot spark. The thermal energy of the spark releases chemical energy in the fuel. When the fuel burns, this chemical energy in turn becomes thermal energy. Thermal energy is converted to mechanical energy used to move the car, and to electrical energy that produces more sparks.
- 18. Law of Conservation States that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but change from one form to another
- 19. Conserving Energy Means saving energy, or not wasting it. This means that we should not waste fuels, such as gasoline, or our resources will be used up quickly.