English M3 Narrative Development
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This document provides an overview of narrative development, including objectives, key terms, and practice exercises related to narrative perspective and organization. The objectives are to gain flexibility employing narrative perspective and organization in short stories. Key terms defined include tone, mood, and atmosphere. Narrative perspective can be first person or third person, while organization can be chronological or using flashbacks. Practice exercises provide stimulus for writing short stories using different perspectives and organizations.
English M3 Narrative Development
- 1. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES Welcome to this review on Narrative Development. To start, point and click on the OBJECTIVES button to get an idea of what it expected of you after going through the review. Read through the sections, think about the questions posed and then try the practice exercises to apply what you have learnt.
- 2. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES OBJECTIVES By the end of this tutorial you will • Gain flexibility in employing narrative perspective and narrative organization of your short stories. • Use appropriate perspective and organization in keeping with the stimulus given • Consider the impact of narrative perspective and organization on the mood, tone and atmosphere of stories.
- 3. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES KEY TERMS ToneMood Atmosphere
- 4. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES KEY TERM: MOOD Mood is a feeling that is conveyed to the reader in a literary work. The writer can develop mood through word choice, dialogue, sensory details, description, and plot complications. ToneMood Atmosphere
- 5. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES KEY TERM: TONE Tone is the overall attitude of the writer and can be detected from the writer's diction (particular choice of words) ToneMood Atmosphere
- 6. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES KEY TERM: ATMOSPHERE Atmosphere - The emotional feelings inspired by a work. How do you want your readers to feel as they read your story? ToneMood Atmosphere
- 7. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES CHALLENGE QUESTION Which perspective could heighten the portrayal of a character’s inner feelings? Which perspective could heighten a character’s overall tension in a story?
- 8. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE Narrative Perspective is the point of view from which a story is written. Point of View means who is telling the story. A story is always told by a narrator (who is not the author). Remember that sometimes the narrator is a character in the story, and sometimes the narrator remains outside of the story. You need to choose which perspective would make your story more interesting.
- 9. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE When a narrator expresses his/her own thoughts and feelings, the story has a first person narrative point of view. It often uses the first person pronouns of “I” and “me.” When the narrator is outside of the story and not a character in the story, the story has a third person narrator .The narrator uses third person pronouns, for example, “he” and “she.” See the site below http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/beauty.html
- 10. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE ORGANISATION There are two main ways that you can use to organize your stories. These are the flashback technique and the chronological technique. ChronologicalFlashback
- 11. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE ORGANISATION -Flashback The Flashback technique introduces the character at the resolution and then narrates the story in retrospect. Flashback is a device used in literature to present action that occurred before the beginning of the story. Flashbacks are often introduced as the dreams or recollections of one or more characters. Flashback Chronological
- 12. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE ORGANISATION -Flashback The trigger in narratives employing the flashback technique An effective strategy is to use a trigger. Do you remember the Titanic? Rose’s mirror became the trigger for the unfolding of the story. A “trigger” is anything that arouses memories. Please remember to use your ellipses (… punctuation to show reflective contemplation in the case of short stories) to go from the memory to the recounting of the plot. Flashback Chronological
- 13. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE ORGANISATION -Chronological Chronological technique tells a story in sequential order as it unfolds. This means following a time order. A chronological recitation of events starts at the beginning and proceeds to relate actions in the order in which they occurred. ChronologicalFlashback MORE
- 14. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE & ORGANISATION ChronologicalFlashback Narrative Perspective and Narrative Organisation become even more important as one considers the stimulus that can be given in a particular examination. Remember that your particular choice of narrative organization and perspective will affect word choice, dialogue, sensory details, description, and plot complication of your story.
- 15. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES PRACTICE EXERCISES 1 2 3
- 16. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES PRACTICE EXERCISE 1 “The door was closed and the cobwebs in the front suggested it had not been opened for a while. Moor turned the key and pushed the door open.” (CXC English A. June 2009) 1. Consider the differences if this story were to be written chronologically or using the flashback technique. 2. Could this stimulus be changed from a first person perspective to a third person narrative perspective? 1 2 3
- 17. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES PRACTICE EXERCISE 2 “I bent at the corner to tie my shoelace and never knew that action would become the bane of my existence.” Lisanne Edwards. 1. Consider the differences if this story were to be written chronologically or using the flashback technique. 2. What differences would you have to consider if the stimulus were changed from a first person perspective to a third person narrative perspective? 1 2 3
- 18. OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS NARRATIVE PERSPECTIVE NARRATIVE ORGANISATION PRACTICE EXERCISES PRACTICE EXERCISE 3 1. Choose a classmate to work with you on this exercise. 2. Outline the plot of the stimulus in Practice Exercise 1 or 2. 3. Using the same plot, write the story using opposite narrative perspectives and organisation. Note which is more effective but be careful to also analyse why one may have been more effective that the other. 4. Grade each other’s stories with full explanation for the grade as assigned. 1 2 3