Enhancing transparency lessons learned from capacity development, Rebecca Carman
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This document summarizes lessons learned from a capacity development program to support climate change mitigation and transparency efforts in 38 countries. Key lessons include: (1) assigning climate relevance to financial flows and obtaining private sector data is challenging; (2) data availability and quality for transparency remains a fundamental issue; and (3) country-driven approaches that build on existing systems through engagement over time are most effective. The program delivered various outputs to support NDCs and transparency, but further targeted technical support is now needed for implementation.
Enhancing transparency lessons learned from capacity development, Rebecca Carman
- 1. Enhancing Transparency: Lessons Learned from Capacity Development OECD Climate Change Expert Group, 14 September 2016, Paris Rebecca Carman, Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction team
- 2. LECB Programme: Background Objective: Build public- and private-sector capacities to scale up mitigation actions in context of (I)NDCs Scale: 38 countries Sectors: Energy, transport, waste, agriculture Industries: Cement, iron and steel, fertilizers, mining, construction, chemicals Deliverables: 60 NAMA concepts 13 national or sectoral LEDS 24 countries designing MRV elements 17 national GHG inventory systems 22 INDCs Timeline: January 2011-December 2017 Donors: European Commission, Germany, Australia
- 3. Lessons learned: finance Assigning climate relevance to finance flows a challenge Data gaps are a common issue. In particular, private sector data remains elusive Financial data can be highly disaggregated and inconsistent between countries and sectors Many climate change experts do not speak the language of finance, and vice versa There is not always a good correlation between climate policies and expenditures Transparency and accountability in delivering a national climate change response is very limited
- 4. Lessons learned: mitigation transparency Data availability and quality remains a fundamental challenge, along with sustainability Country driven approaches work best Build on national systems and adopt systems-based approach to MRV Start with what you have and improve over time Engage, engage, engage Time is needed to achieve systemic change Strong governance framework is key
- 5. Annex
- 6. UNDP support areas for NDC implementation Social Inclusion and Gender NDC Implementation Readiness Mitigation & Transparency Adaptation & Climate Risk Catalysing climate finance Partnerships for Development Strengthened capacities
- 7. What are the current financial flows (public and private) in a given sector? What changes in investment are needed to implement the LEDS or NAP? What additional investment is needed to implement climate change actions? How much of the domestic budget am I already spending on implementing climate change actions? How can I better track this moving forward? How effective have public policies been in mobilizing private investments? How can public funds be used to incentivize private sector investment? How can I put in place a system for MRV of finance? UNDP has developed climate finance toolbox for different contexts
- 8. Key results to date from work on GHG Inventory and MRV systems • 10 national GHG inventory systems documented • 4 draft inventories prepared for one or more sectors • 9 data collection systems designed • Regulatory measures in 3 countries • 5 countries pursuing private sector GHG reporting (5) • 110+ trainings, 30+ consultations • 7 national MRV system designs • 3 countries mapping public finance flows • 5 countries mapping private finance flows • 1 MRV knowledge product (2014)
- 9. Maturation in support requested • More targeted and technical (e.g., improving baselines and projections, disaggregating INDC target into sectoral and/or sub-national targets) • Defining institutional arrangements and coordination mechanisms for NDC implementation • Establishing more comprehensive MRV systems • Improving business case for mitigation actions and assessing investor risk more systematically • Costing of NDC implementation plans
- 10. “Learning by doing” philosophy of capacity development NATIONAL GOVERNMENT DESIGNS PROJECT & IMPLEMENTS NATIONAL EXPERTS SIT IN KEY GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES AND/OR PROVIDE TRAINING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FROM INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS, UNDP & PARTNERS PHASE 2 LESSONS MORE INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING EARLIER PRIVATE SECTOR ENGAGEMENT INCREASED SOUTH- SOUTH EXCHANGE WOMEN TARGETED
- 11. Resources • Climate Public Expenditure & Institutional Reviews • Tracking private climate finance flows (UNDP, 2015) • Investment & Financial Flows methodology (UNDP, 2009) • Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) Technical Paper (UNDP, 2014) • Designing and Preparing Nationally Determined Contributions (WRI/UNDP, 2015) • Global Good Practice Analysis on LEDS, NAMAs, MRV and INDCs (UNDP & International Partnership on Mitigation and MRV, updated 2015)