ENT 2 PROJECT 1
- 1. Phase 1 Simulations Depth 50mm 100mm 200mm Base Rendering Plan Drawing Daylight FactorWind Flow Illuminance Rendering Luminance Rendering 70:30 50:50 30:70 5° 15° 25° 5° 15° 25° Void to Solid Ratio Top Tilt Overhang Plane Tube Dome South Tilt Overhang Phase 2 Simulations Precedent StudySite Massing Baseline Model Simulation West-Facing Culinary Classroom Room Dimension: 12.8m x 11.3m K L A N G G I Z M O I M P L E M E N T A T I O N D E S I G N Proposed Facade System The skin façade for the intended space facing the west of our site is a trapezoid shaped component formed by two triangles. Each unit of the block is designed at the 600mm X 600mm dimension as shown on the right. Urban Development Company of Medellin Embracing the mantra of“building that breath“, the building is designed to be free of air conditioning as a serious commitment to innovation towards the generation of sustainable buildings. The external skin façade creates a layer of air in between as a heat insulation from the thermal heat, as well as shading direct sunlight into the space. Types of Gizmo Design Selected as Study Model The framework of the daylight simulation and wind simulation analysis intends to find the optimum design that meets the following requirements: Block direct evening sunlight without compromising daylighting Decelerate the wind to recommended comfort standard Sunpath Analysis Using Ecotect software, the sun's paths were simulated together with a model of the site and its surrounding buildings in order to learn where the shadows and solar exposed areas are throughout the year. The sunpath diagrams also allow architects to design effective shading devices. By analyzing the two extreme angles for Malaysia's sunpath, with Malaysia being slightly above the equator line, the sun is further south in the month of December while not as far north in the month of June. Shadow Analysis From the shadow range diagrams generated by Ecotect, the site is sufficiently shaded from the morning sun with a row of shophouses spanning across the right east side of the site. The site is also slightly shaded from the late evening sun due to the small hill located on the west side of the site. From the diagrams, during both winter and summer solstices, the north and south of the building elevation is exposed to direct solar radiation due to no neighboring buildings which offer shading to the site. The proposed component is also highly versatile to form more complex forms, from planes to tubes, dome and hyperbolic paraboloid.The component has long been used as a language of structure in architecture, further studies and analyze of the shading and wind comfort of the form can further enhance the use of such façade system. Introduction Klang, coordinate of 3°02’N 101°27’E, is the royal town and former capital of the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Estimated population of 240,000 in the total Klang city and 10,000 in the city centre in the 2010. It was a capital of the state of Selangor before the formation of Kuala Lumpur. Today, the town centre is in decline and suffers the tragedy of urban decay as more modern townships and developments started. Divided into 2 parts of North and South Klang by the Klang River, with the south known as the heritage district and north as the commercial district. The site is located in South Klang, 500m from Klang KTM station and surrounded by governmental buildings and old shophouses. Landmarks around the site are the Royal Gallery, Alam Shah Palace, Little India (Tengku Kelana Street) and the Royal Klang Club. The site is sandwiched between the Klang Courthouse, a row of shophouse and facing Dato Hamzah Street and SK Klang. The proposed building is a gastromic institution building and the studies will be analyzing the west façade of a culinary classroom on the 4th floor. Rainfall Rainy days are in March, April, May, September, October, November and December. November is the rainiest and July has the least. The average annual amount of rainy days is 195 days. Cross Analysis of Wind & Rain Cross analysis of rainfall table and wind data shows rain frequency will be highest on the month of April, October and November. The dominant wind direction of the mentioned months are North East and South South East. Therefore, North and West elevation façades should be designed to deter rain water from entering the building. Wind Direction and Speed The wind rose observed shows the dominant wind direction comes from South South East with wind speed consistent at 3m/s throughout the year, except for November which has the least wind at 2m/s. The annual average wind speed is 2m/s. Daylight Analysis According to MS1525, Daylight Factor (DF) measures a room’s daylight distribution, penetration and intensity. The DF was calculated with the formula below: Wind Analysis A wind analysis provides a visual model and analysis of how a proposed development will impact user through wind conditions. Wind studies are particularly important where a proposed development is adjacent to existing or planned low rise development, open spaces, water bodies and large public amenity areas. It can be used to study how wind behaves from the urban scale to how a façade system performs. Effectivity of the façade permeability as well as deterring fast wind is essential to ensure the user comfort under passive cooling through natural ventilation. According to MS 1525, the table below shows the ranges of air velocity and their impact on human activities. An optimum range of air speed for the proposed classroom is highlighted: Table below shows the ranges of DF and their user comfort levels. An optimum range of DF values for the proposed classroom is as highlighted: Project Brief Proposal of a façade system with the assistance simulation to generate the optimal option of the proposed scheme. Gizmo proposed will go through simulations for sunlight penetration and wind velocity in the intended space. The system intends to improve the indoor environment by lowering the energy consumption and reliance of active mechanisms through passive design with the following considerations: Building materials and components (physical properties, characteristics and environment impact) Analyze the series of configured options Identify the optimal options Other considerations DF(%)Velocity (m/s) 3 1.5 0 Site 21st March/September 09:00 - 17:00 21st June 09:00 - 17:00 21st December 09:00 - 17:00 Wind Rose Diagram 21st March/September 09:00 - 17:00 21st June 09:00 - 17:00 21st December 09:00 - 17:00 Lux Cd/m2 NTS
- 2. Gizmo Optimization Framework, Analysis & Findings Optimized Model Simulation Phase 1 Simulations (Depth & Void:Solid Ratio) 50mm 50mm 100mm 200mm 70:30 50:50 30:70 5° 5° 15° 15° 25° 25° 100mm 200mm 70:30 50:50 30:70 Top Overhang 5° Top Overhang 15° Top Overhang 25° South Overhang 5° South Overhang 15° South Overhang 25° Daylight FactorWind Flow Base Rendering Illuminance Rendering Luminance Rendering Facade Material Options The proposed façade scheme is easily manufactured in many material options due to its simple geometrical form and modular component design. Different types of material express it own unique aesthetic due to the elegant geometric design language. The design offers flexibility of materiality and scale to suit any project scale and building type.The specification can be easily maufactured with materials such as pre-cast concrete, aluminium, wood and the list goes on. Clients are able to select the material based on their budget, environmental conscious or performance of the material.The scheme also allows the performance of sun shading and natural ventilation to be optimised based on the site condition and orientation. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to excessive intolerable lighting, glare and uncomfortable thermal comfort, with DF value of 8% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor is between 4m to 8.5m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.9m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Intolerable glare, but satisfactory wind speed and flow. Simulation 1: Depth Simulation 2: Void to Solid Ratio Optimization 3 Optimization 2 Optimization 1 Phase1Phase2 Simulation 4: South Overhang Simulation 3: Top Overhang Optimized Gizmo Design Void to Solid Ratio at 50:50 Depth of 200mm Top Overhang of 15° South Overhang of 5° DF Analysis: The space is exposed to tolerable lighting, glare and uncomfortable thermal comfort, with DF value of 7.5% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 3.5m to 8m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.9m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Tolerable glare, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable lighting, glare and thermal comfort, with DF value of 7% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 3m to 7.5m from the opening. Wind analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.9m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Acceptable glare, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to excessive intolerable lighting, glare and uncomfortable thermal comfort, with DF value of 8% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 4m to 8.5m from the opening. Wind Analysis: There is slight wind turbulence. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 1.2m/s over the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Intolerable glare, unsatisfactory wind flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to tolerable lighting, glare and uncomfortable thermal comfort, with DF value of 7.5% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 3.5m to 8m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.9m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Tolerable glare, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable lighting, glare and thermal comfort, with DF value of 7% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 2.5m to 6.5m from the opening. Wind Analysis: There is excessive wind turbulence. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.3m/s below the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Acceptable glare, but unsatisfactory wind flow. Phase 2 Simulations ( Top & South Tilt Degree Overhang) DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable lighting, glare and thermal comfort, with DF value of 7% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 2.5m to 7m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.8m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Improved tolerable glare, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable lighting, glare and thermal comfort, with DF value of 6.5% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 2m to 6.5m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.8m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Further improved tolerable glare, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable glare and thermal comfort, but the rest of the room is too dimmed due to only perceptible lighting, with DF value of 6% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 1.5m to 6m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.8m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Perceptible daylighting, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable lighting, glare and thermal comfort, with DF value of 7% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 2.5m to 7m from the opening. Wind Analysis: The wind flow is relatively smooth. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.8m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Improved tolerable glare, satisfactory wind speed and flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable glare and thermal comfort, but the rest of the room is too dimmed due to only perceptible lighting, with DF value of 6.5% at the opening. The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 2m to 6m from the opening. Wind Analysis: There is slight wind turbulence. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.8m/s within the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Perceptible daylighting, unsatisfactory wind flow. DF Analysis: The space is exposed to acceptable glare and thermal comfort, but the rest of the room is too dimmed due to only perceptible lighting, with DF value of 6% at the opening.The line chart analysis shows the optimal daylight factor between 1.5m to 5m from the opening. Wind Analysis: There is excessive wind turbulence. The 1.5m/s west wind is reduced to 0.3m/s below the optimum velocity range of 0.5m/s – 1m/s. Analysis: Perceptible daylighting, unsatisfactory wind flow. Beh Nianzi 0319445 Hooi Wei Xing 0318523 Lee Xiang Loon 0322090 Phua Jing Sern 0314572 Depth of façade will shade the hot evening sun and guide wind direction to minimize turbulence. The void to solid ratio will shade direct sunlight without compromising the daylighting as well as regulate the air to comfortable speed. Top and south overhangs further shade the west evening sun as well as the December’s sun that is angled to the South. The overhangs also act as air scoop to capture more air into the interior space without comprimising daylighting. Lux Cd/m2 DF(%)Velocity (m/s) 3 1.5 0 DF(%)Velocity (m/s) DF(%)Velocity (m/s) 0 1.5 3.0 0 1.5 3.0