Esbuild is an extremely fast JavaScript bundler. It works as both a compiler and transpiler, taking JavaScript source code as input and producing bundled output files. Traditionally, JavaScript modules had issues with installability, being scoped, and importability between modules. This led the JavaScript community to develop solutions like CommonJS, namespaces, module wrapping, and bundlers like Browserify, Webpack, Rollup, and Esbuild which address these issues by allowing code reuse through imports and exports. Esbuild is highlighted as a very fast bundler due to benchmark tests showing its faster performance compared to alternatives. The presentation demonstrates how to use Esbuild to bundle JavaScript code.