Evilgrade you have pending upgrade....pdf

http://www.infobyte.com.ar
Francisco Amato
evilgrade, "You have pending upgrades..."

Introduction
Topics
Client side explotation
Update process
Poor implementation of update processes
Attack vectors
evilgrade framework presentation

Introduction
Client side explotation
Searching the Weakest Link
Bypassing the fortress walls
This technique allows for example transform a user
terminal in a “proxy” to access the internal network
of a company

General application’s update process
How does it works?
Update process are either manual or
automatic.
The process requests a special file in the
master server for example update.application.
com/info.xml
The file has the internal information of the
available updates.
It’s installed automatic or ask if you like to
install the new update.

What’s the problem?

Is there any problem?
Trust
A lot of application don’t verify the updates
contents.
They blindly trust without verification of the
master update server.

evilgrade
Tool Information
evilgrade is modular framework that allow us to
take advantage of poor update implementations by
injecting fake updates.
It’s a opensource project
It’s developed in Perl

evilgrade
How does it work?
It works with modules, each module implements
the structure needed to emulate a false update of
specific application.
evilgrade needs the manipulation of the victims’s
dns traffic

evilgrade
Normal update process
1. App1 start the update process
2. Consult to the dns server host update.app1.com
3. DNS server replies 200.1.1.1
4. App gets the file lastupdate.xml from update.app1.
com
5. App analyzes the update file and detect a new
update
6. App1 downloads and execute the update http:
//update.app1.com/update.exe

evilgrade
Attack example
1. App1 starts the update process
2. Consult to the dns server host update.app1.com
3. The attacker modifies the DNS traffic and
returns other ip address, controlled by the attacker.
4. App1 get the file controlled by the attacker http:
//update.app1.com/lastupdate.xml
5. App1 processes the file and detect a new
update
6. App1 downloads and execute the backdoor http:
//update.app1.com/backdoor.exe

Attack vectors?
Possibilities:
Internal scenery:
Internal DNS access.
- ARP spoofing.
DNS Cache Poisoning.
External scenery:
Internal DNS access.
- DNS Cache Poisoning.

ARP spoofing
Description
Layer 2 traffic re-routing (MITM)

DNS Request
Description

DNS Cache poisoning
Attack

DNS Cache poisoning
Nothing is easy
Taking care of:
TTL.
Cache.
Legitimizes response.
Needed information:
- Source.
ID 16 bits (65535 possibilities).

Internal scenery
Sample Topology

External scenery
Sample Topology

evilgrade
No, it’s not. ☹
The idea of the framework is the centralization
and explotation of different update
implementations all together in one tool.
Is this new?

evilgrade
What are the supported OS?
The framework is multiplatform, it only depends of
having the rigth payload for the platform to exploit.

evilgrade
What can I do with it?
This attack vector allows the injection of fake
updates to remotely access a target system.

evilgrade
Console:
It works similar to a IOS console:
-show <object>: Used to show different
information.
-conf <object>: Enter to the configure mode.
-set <option> “value”: Configures different
options.
-start: Webserver starts.
-stop: Webserver stops.
-status: Webserver status.

evilgrade
Modules:
.

evilgrade
Request:
It’s an object’s collection.
Each object it’s a possible HTTP request inside the
virtualhost configured for the module.

evilgrade
Options:
.

evilgrade
Agent:
Agent is the fake update to be injected in the
victims’s computer.

evilgrade
Implemented modules:
- Java plugin
- Winzip
- Winamp
MacOS
- OpenOffices
- iTunes
- linkedin toolbar
- DAP (download accelerator)
- notepad++
- speedbit

Lab
Time for the demo.
Cool!

evilgrade
A more secure approach
Update server running under https, certificate
control.
Digital signatures, verify the update with a
public key

References
More Info
http://www.secureworks.com/research/articles/dns-cache-
poisoning/#update
http://www.trusteer.com/docs/bind9dns.html
http://www.trusteer.com/docs/bind8dns.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARP_spoofing
http://www.trusteer.com/docs/microsoftdns.html

Questions!
???

Thanks!
Contact
blog.infobyte.com.ar
Francisco Amato – famato@infobyte.com.ar

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