2. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Aerobic ability
Ability to do exercise using high
rate of oxygen consumption
(VO2 max, VO2peak, etc.)
3. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Anaerobic ability
Ability to exercise at an
intensity that exceeds
maximal (peak) oxygen
consumption (30-s peak
PO, supramax. tests, etc.)
4. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Endurance
Ability to sustain submaximal
aerobic exercise for an
extended time (6- and 12-min
walk, 1 mile walk, etc.)
5. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Strength
Ability to do unsustained work
against a high resistance
(MVC, peak torque, max.
number repetitions, etc.)
6. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Flexibility
Ability to move joints through
a prescribed range of motion
(sit-and-reach distances,
goniometry, etc.)
7. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Neuromuscular
skills
Ability to do activities that
require coordination and skill
(gait analysis, balance,
coordination, etc.)
8. Aims of exercise testing
Gather Objective Data on:
Functional
performance
Ability to do specific physical
activities of daily living (sit-
and-stand scores, timed
walk, etc.)
9. Exercise testing
Measurement of body reactions (eventually
adaptation) of different body systems in
dependence on stress (exercise)
Measurement of efficiency to
perform and repeat the best
achievement
Fitness assessment
11. Ideal exercise test
1. Easy designed
2. a] general – general performance
b] specific – specific performance
3. Safe
4. Valid – do we measure what we really want to?
5. Objective – no other impacts on result
6. Reliability and reproducibility
12. Justification of exercise testing
Why perform exercise testing? - INDICATION
Diagnosis
Intervention assessment (therapy, training)
Exercise programming and training
Research
Prognostic
13. Justification of exercise testing
Why do not perform exercise testing? - CONTRAINDICATION
ABSOULTE
RELATIVE
- Acute illness (heart stroke, fever), major hypertension (240/120), etc.
- After heart stroke, some defects of heart valves, etc.
14. Splitting of tests
According to applied load:
According to place
a) Maximal (incremental tests)
b) Sub-maximal (usually constant workload)
b) Supra-maximal (Wingate test)
a) Laboratory tests
b) Field tests
15. Laboratory × field tests
Laboratory tests
Disadvantages:
- Different movement stereotype (rower, canoeist on bicycle?)
- worse achievement
- Transformation of results into field conditions
- Accurate determination of load
Advantages:
- Standard laboratory conditions
- Nervousness from new (unknown) conditions
-worse achievement
16. Laboratory × field tests
Field tests
Disadvantages:
- Relatively inaccurate determination of power
- The problem of accurate measurement
- Known conditions – athletic stadium, ice ring, sport hall, etc.
Advantages:
- Identical movement stereotype
- Direct use in training
17. Maximal × submaximal tests
Maximal tests
- Direct assessment of maximal capacity of organism
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
- Dependence on will and motivation of proband
- Risk factor
- Restriction before competition
- Small changes of monitored parameters due to training in very
high trained
18. Maximal × submaximal tests
Sub-maximal tests
- Safer
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
- Lower dependence on tested person (more comfortable)
- Bigger changes of monitored parameters due to training
- Restriction before competition
- Often based on estimation (presumption) of HRmax, etc.
– worse accuracy
19. The type and sources of stress
1. Dynamic
2. Static
3. Other
- Individual movement (knee-bend, etc.)
- Steps (Step test)
- Ergometer – bicycle, treadmill, arm crank ergometer, ladder
- Dynamometer (handgrip, etc.)
- electric, pharmacological, cold, hypoxic, psychological,
change of body position (laying – standing), deep breathing,
cough, etc.
20. The conditions in exercise
laboratory
1. Enviroment
2. Equipment
3. Safeness
- Calm (few persons)
- Air circulation (ACE)
- Temperature (18-22˚C), humidity 40-60%
- calibration, functionality
- Emergency (phone number)
- Presence of physician, defibrillator, drogs
21. The conditions in exercise
laboratory
4. Tested person
- Healthy
- Avoid drinking coffee, alcohol and smoking (at least
12 hours before)
- At least 2 hours after food intake
22. Bicycle ergometer × treadmill
Bicykle ergometer
- more in Europe ?
- mechanical efficiency 20 – 25%
-W (load) = resistance (mechanical, electromagnetical)
+ revolutions/min (50 – 70)
Advantages:
- space, noise, accuracy of set load
- easer and safer making
Disadvantages:
- calibration, engagement of smaller muscle mass, lack of familiarity
- lover oxygen consumption, lover HR , etc.
- taking of blood sample, measurement of blood pressure.
23. Bicycle ergometer × treadmill
Treadmill
- more in USA, Canada ?
- mechanical efficiency no more than 15 %
-W (load) = speed (km/hour)
+ elevation (%, °)
Advantages:
- natural movement, only one possibility for children
- engagement of most muscle mass
Disadvantages:
- space demands, noise
- risk of fall, problems of measurement of BP and blood sample
- achievement of “real” maximum (higher O2 consumption, HR)
![Measured parameters
Load – [W, W/kg] – age, gender, health statute, weight
Energy output – [kcal] – 1 km = 70-80 kcal {run, walk}
Time – [s., minute, hour] - duration
Speed – [m/s-1
, km/hour]
Elevation – [˚, %]
Distance – [m, km]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exercisephysiology-250801072515-3b89662a/85/Exercise-Physiology-physiology-of-exercise-ppt-10-320.jpg)
![Ideal exercise test
1. Easy designed
2. a] general – general performance
b] specific – specific performance
3. Safe
4. Valid – do we measure what we really want to?
5. Objective – no other impacts on result
6. Reliability and reproducibility](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exercisephysiology-250801072515-3b89662a/85/Exercise-Physiology-physiology-of-exercise-ppt-11-320.jpg)
