Expanded program on immunization
- 2. EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION -established in 1976 -ensure that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.
- 3. Six vaccine-preventable diseases 1. Tuberculosis 2. Poliomyelitis 3. Diphtheria 4. Tetanus 5. Pertussis 6. Measles
- 4. Over-all Goal To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases.
- 5. Specific Goals 1. To immunize all infants/children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases. 2. To sustain the polio-free status of the Philippines. 3. To eliminate measles infection.
- 6. 4. To eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus 5. To control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis b and German measles. 6. To prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among children.
- 7. Republic Act No. 10152 -“Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011” -President Benigno Aquino III -July 26, 2010 -Basic immunization for children under 5 including other types that will be determined by the Secretary of Health.
- 8. STRATEGIES 1. Conduct of Routine Immunization for Infants/Children/Women through the Reaching Every Barangay (REB) strategy 2. Supplemental Immunization Activity (SIA) 3. Strengthening Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Surveillance 4. Procurement of adequate and potent vaccines and needles and syringes to all health facilities nationwide
- 9. Polio -poliomyelitis -caused by poliovirus -crippling and potentially infectious -infects the person’s brain and spinal cord causing paralysis
- 10. Diptheria -bacterial infection -affects the nose and throat -cause breathing problems and swallowing
- 11. Measles -caused by a virus -airborne -infects the respiratory tract
- 12. Neonatal Tetanus -infection occurs at unhealed umbilical stump (non-sterile equipment)
- 13. Pertusis -whooping cough - “100 day cough” - Highly contagious respiratory disease
- 15. Hepatitis B -viral infection -attacks the liver -transmitted through blood or other body fluids
- 16. Poliomyelitis -OPV (Oral Polio Vaccination) -6 weeks old -3 doses (2-3 drops) -4 weeks - Oral - The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given
- 17. Measles -MCV -Measles-Containing Vaccine -9 months old -2 dose (0.5 mL) - Subcutaneous - Upper outer portion of the arms - At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age
- 18. Hepatitis B -HEPATITIS - At birth -3 doses (3 doses) -4 weeks interval - Intramuscular - Upper outer portion of the thigh - Prevents liver cirrhosis and liver cancer
- 19. Diphtheria-Pertusis-Tetanus -DPT -6 weeks old -3 doses (0.5 mL) -6 weeks(DPT 1), 10 weeks (DPT 2), 14 weeks (DPT 3) - Intramuscular - Upper outer portion of the thigh - An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis
- 20. Tuberculosis -BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) -at birth -1 dose (0.05 mL) - none - Intradermal - Right deltoid region of the arm - BCG given at earliest possible age protects the possibility of TB meningitis and other TB infections in which infants are prone
- 21. Vaccine Minimum Age/Interval Percent Protected Duration of Protection TT1 At 20th weeks AOG 0% protection for the mother for the first delivery TT2 At least 4 weeks later 80% infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 3 years protection for the mother TT3 At least 6 months later 95% infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 5 years protection for the mother TT4 At least 1 year later 99% infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 10 years protection for the mother TT5 At least 1 year later 99% gives lifetime protection for the mother all infants born to that mother will be protected