4. Essential Questions
• What new territories became part of the United
States between 1801 and 1861?
• What factors influenced westward migration?
• How did the inventions affect the lives of
Americans?
5. Big Ideas…
• Between 1801 and 1861, exploration was
encouraged as America underwent vast
territorial expansion and settlement.
• Westward migration was influenced by geography
and economic opportunity.
• Most industrialization in America was in the North;
however, the equipment produced in the North had
an impact on the farming society in the South.
7. The Louisiana Purchase
• New territories added to the United States after
1801
• Louisiana Purchase
• Jefferson bought land from France (the Louisiana
Purchase), which doubled the size of the United
States.
• In the Lewis and Clark expedition, Meriwether Lewis
and William Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase
from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.
9. Other Territories
• Florida
– Spain gave Florida to the United States through a treaty.
• Texas
– Texas was added after it became an independent republic.
• Oregon
– The Oregon Territory was divided by the United States and Great
Britain.
• California
– War with Mexico resulted in California and the southwest territory
becoming part of the United States.
11. Factors affecting westward expansion
• Geographic and economic factors that influenced westward
movement
– Population growth in the eastern states
– Availability of cheap, fertile land
– Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold Rush), logging,
farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)
– Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and canals (Erie Canal),
steamboats
– Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)
– Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea that expansion was
for the good of the country and was the right of the country
12. Important Inventions-
Technological Advances
• The cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney. It
increased the production of cotton and thus
increased the need for slave labor to cultivate and
pick the cotton.
13. Important Inventions
• Jo Anderson (a slave) and Cyrus McCormick
worked to invent the reaper. The reaper
increased the productivity of the American
farmer.
14. Famous Inventions
• The steamboat was improved by Robert Fulton. It eventually
provided faster river transportation that connected Southern
plantations and farms to Northern industries and Western
territories.
• The steam locomotive provided faster land transportation on
railroads. Railroads were much cheaper to build.
• The telegraph was used to send messages very quickly over
long distances. This is how early Americans communicated
until the telephone was invented.
15. Famous Inventions
• Take a few minutes to complete your notes. Remember if
you missed some information you can view the powerpoint
on my website.
• Seat #1, put your table’s bin back on the shelf.
• Take out your social studies workbook. Take out page 368 to
be completed for homework. Put your name and date on it
and put it in your binder.
• If time permits, start reading your social studies workbook
pages 362-366
