Experimental Investigation of SCC Using M-Sand with Lime Stone as Part Replacement for Cement

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SCC USING M-SAND WITH LIME
STONE AS PART REPLACEMENT FOR CEMENT
[Praveen Kumar M, Punith Kumar, Ravikiran V, Yogesh J] 1, [Khalid Nayaz Khan]2
1Bachelor of Engineering (Civil Engineering) UG Students, Department of civil Engineering, Ghousia College Of
Engineering Ramanagaram, Karanataka, India
2Associate Professor, Department of civil Engineering, Ghousia College Of Engineering Ramanagaram,
Karanataka, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is one of the
most significant advance in concrete technology in the last
decades. SCC was mainly developed to ensure adequate
compaction through self-compaction andfacilitateplacement
of concrete in structures with congested reinforcement and in
restricted areas. SCC is a very fluid concrete and a
homogeneous mixture and solves most of problem related to
ordinary concrete. SCC gets compacted under its own weight
and there is no need of internal vibration. In this work an
attempt as been made to make a comparative study on the
fresh and hardened properties of M40 grade of plain concrete
mixes to self-compacting concrete. An experimental
investigation are carried out to study the properties of SCC by
manufacture sand and partially replacing cement with
percentage of Lime stoneof(0%,10%,20%,30%,40%). Further
workability test (Slump, V-funnel, L-Box, U-Box, J-Ring and T-
50) and mechanical properties such as compressive strength,
Split tensile Strength, Flexural strengtharestudiedonthisSCC
mix proportions.
1. INTRODUCTION:
In the last 3 decades, several experimental investigations
have been conducted all over the globe to explore the ways
to improve quality of concrete with regardstodurabilityand
strength. Also concrete has a building material consisting of
fine aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate, cement and water.
The increased utilization of concrete in form works of odd
shapes has made it very significant to prepare concrete that
ensures structural performance, durability and packing
ability. From 1980’s onwards Concrete technology has
undergone several investigations to improve its durability
properties and strength. Till 1980’s the experimental works
were concentrated only on the flow ability of concrete to
improve its strength and not much emphasis was given to
the aspects. This kind of research has evolved the
improvement of Self compacting concrete in concrete
infrastructures. SCC has the ability to fill every nook and
corner of formwork under its self-weight. The concrete that
gets placed and compacted under its own weight and
satisfactorily packs the surrounding of confined reinforcing
bars is known as self-compacting concrete (SCC) . Alsoitfills
spaces of any shape and size without bleeding and
segregation. When placing of concrete is complicated, this
kind of SCC offers various advantages and preferences over
traditional concrete. This incorporate an enhancednature of
concrete, quicker development times, reduction of onsite
repairs, lower general expenses into concrete development.
A vital change of well-being and security is additionally
accomplished through removal of handling of vibrators.
The main aim of this thesis is to discover the fresh state
properties (slump cone, V-funnel, J-ring, L-box and U-box
test), mechanical properties like split tensile strength
(150mm diameter X 300mm height), compression strength
(150x150x150mm cube) and flexural strength
(100x100x500 mm beam) of concrete made utilizing M-
sand and replacing cement by Lime stone. The mix design
calculation for M40 grade concrete is chosen according to
Indian standard code specification of IS 10262-2009.
The flexural strength, compressive strength and splittensile
strength tests are carried out using manufactured sand in
place of river sand and replacing cement by mineral
admixtures like Lime stone placing 28 days cured specimen
subsequent to drying for 24 hours utilizing compressive
testing machine and UTM. The workability test is directed
for the measure of water substance needed for mixing with
suitable W/C proportion and compaction to keepawayfrom
bleeding and segregation.
1.1. Production of SCC
SCC can be categorized into 3 types.
a. Powder type SCC: The required self-compaction is
obtained by decreasing amount of water added to concrete.
Also super plasticizers and air entraining agents are used to
render the required characteristics.
b. Viscosity agent type SCC: This kind of SCC is
proportioned to give self-flowing ability by the utilizing
viscosity altering admixtures to prevent segregation.
Admixtures such as air entraining agents and super
plasticizers are utilized to obtain the necessary workability.
c. Combination type SCC: The kind of SCC is manufactured
to offer self-compaction essentially by decreasing the water
cement ratio and viscosity altering admixtures are added to
control segregation of fresh concrete.

Table 1: Typical Acceptance Criteria for SCC
Sl
No Methods
Unit Typical ranges of values
Minimum Maximum
1 Slump flow
by Abram’s
cone
mm 650 800
2 T50cm
Slump Flow
sec 2 5
3 V-Funnel sec 8 12
4 L-Box h1/h2 0.8 1.0
5 U-Box (h2-h1) 0 30
6 J-Ring mm 0 10
2. AIM AND OBJECTIVES
1. To study workability properties like V-funnel, L-box,
Slump flow, U-box and j-ring for concrete with 0%, 10%,
20%, 30% and 40% replacement of cement withLimestone.
2. To study properties of hardened concrete such as flexural
strength (7 and 28 days), compressive strength (7 and 28
days) and split tensile strength (7 and 28 days) and for
0%,10%, 20%, 30% and 40% replacement of Lime stone.
3. To compare flexural strength, compressive strength and
split tensile strength variations for 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and
40% replacement of Lime stone.
4. To compare performance of concrete for similar
replacement percentages of Lime stone.
3. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
3.1.Cement
The most widely used cement istypeI/IIPozzolona Portland
cement. The strength of cement complies with the
requirement of a type I and the C3Acontentconfinementofa
type II. This sort of concrete is generally utilized as a part of
development and is rapidly accessible from mixed sources.
Ultra-tech Portland pozzolana cement confirming IS code
1489-1991 was used for tested chemical and physical
properties of concrete.
Table 2 Physical Properties of Cement
Sl no Test on cement Observation
1 Specific gravity 3.10
2 Normal consistency 30%
3 Initial setting time 55 min
4 Final setting time 300 min
5 Compressive strength
7 days
28 days
31.18 N/mm2
56.40 N/mm2
3.2. Fine Aggregate (M-Sand)
M-sand is used in this experimental work. The crushed
aggregates whose size is less than 4.75 mm are used and
obtained from thelocal crushingplant;(Bidadi,Karnataka)is
utilized in this experimental work. M-sand as replaced to
river sand has becomeeconomical,beneficial andnowa days
common in the world. The code book used for present study
is IS: 383-1970.
Table 3: Properties of Fine Aggregate
Properties Observations
Fineness Modulus 3.08
Specific Gravity 2.64
Bulk Density(kg/m3) 1665
3.3. Coarse Aggregate
Coarse aggregate obtained from the local crushing plant
(Bidadi, Karnataka) isutilizedinthisexperimental work.The
size of the aggregate used is 20mm down.The physical
properties of coarse aggregate are tested in this
experimental work.
Table 4: Properties in Coarse Aggregate
Properties Observation
Fineness Modulus 4.89
Specific Gravity 2.70
Bulk Density (kg/m3) 1785
4. CONPLAST SP 430
The admixture Conplast SP 430 is new invention produced
by the Forsoc organization. The product has been
fundamentally producedforapplicationinhighperformance
cement where the high strength and execution is needed.
Conplast SP 430 is free from alkali and chloride. It is
preferred with a wide range of concrete. The specific gravity
is 1.145 and brown in color.
5. LIME STONE
Lime Stone utilized in this experimental work is obtained
from Rashmitha enterprises Ramanagara. The specific
gravity of Lime Stone is 2.2 and white in color.

Table 5: Mix Proportion For M40 Grade For Lime
Stone
Percentage Lime
stone
0%
Lime
stone
10%
Lime
stone
20%
Lime
stone
30%
Lime
stone
40%
Cement
(kg/m3)
394.3 354.8 315.4 276.0 236.5
Lime stone
(kg/m3)
------- 39.43 78.86 118.2 157.7
W/C ratio 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
F.A (kg/m3) 956 956 956 956 956
C.A (kg/m3) 781 781 781 781 781
Super
plasticizer
(kg/m3)
7.7 6.93 6.13 5.39 4.62
6. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
6.1. Fresh State Properties
The workability properties such as V-funnel, J-ring, Slump
flow, U-box and L-box test are studied to find flow ability,
passing ability and the experimental results are recorded.
Table 6: Workability Test results
Sl
No
Lime
stone
Mixtu
re in
%
Slum
p(m
m)
T
50cm
Slump
Flow
(sec)
V-
Fun
nel
(sec
)
L-Box
(h2/h
1)
mm
U-Box
(h2-
h1)
mm
J-
Ring
(mm
)
1 0% 675 4 9 0.80 15 8
2 10% 670 3 9 0.80 20 7
3 20% 690 4 10 0.75 18 8
4 30% 675 2 8 0.90 17 6
5 40% 660 3 11 0.80 15 7
6.1. Specimen Details
1. Cubes of 150 mmx150 mm x 150 mm size
2. Cylinder of 150 mm dia and 300 mm length
3. Beam of 100 mm x 100 mm x 500 mm size
6.2. Hardened State Properties
1. Compressive strength
2. Split tensile strength
3. Flexural strength
Fig. 1 Compressive strength test
Fig. 2 Split tensile strength test
Fig. 3 Flexural strength test
7. TEST RESULTS
Table 7 Compressive strength after 7 & 28 days
Lime stone
%
Compressive strength (N/mm2)
7 days 28 days
0% 24.74 39.64
10% 25.47 40.39
20% 26.19 40.85
30% 25.61 40.32
40% 24.57 38.42

Graph 1 Compressive strength for M40 grade after 7
and 28 days
Graph 2 Compressive strength for M40 grade after 7
and 28 days
Table 8 Split tensile strength after 7 & 28 days
Lime stone
%
7 days 28 days
0% 1.73 3.80
10% 1.92 4.06
20% 2.14 4.46
30% 1.96 4.37
40% 1.70 3.62
Graph 3 split tensile strength for M40 grade after 7
and 28 days
Graph 4 Split tensile strength for M40 grade after 7
and 28 days
Table 9 flexural strength after 7 & 28 days
Lime stone
%
7 days 28 days
0% 2.16 4.30
10% 2.66 5.16
20% 3.13 6.50
30% 3.06 5.10
40% 2.33 3.33
Graph 5 Flexural strength for M40 grade after 7 and
28 days

Graph 6 Flexural strength for M40 grade after 7 and
28 days
CONCLUSION
1. Manufactured sand is well graded material and it falls
within the grading limits specified by BIS Guidelines IS:
383-1970 code for getting zone II sand classification.
2. For M40 grade mixes, when converted to SCC mix asper
guidelines given in EFNARC, the desired requirement
criteria in V-funnel, Slump flow, J-ring, L-box and U-box
tests is obtained.
3. The cube compressive strength after 7 and 28 days has
shown an increase in strength with increase in
percentage of Lime stone from 0-20%. It is maximum at
20%. There after there is a decrease in compressive
strength for 30% and 40% replacement. (Graph No 6.1,
6.2, 6.3, 6.4).
4. The split tensile strength and flexural strength is
maximum for 20% replacement for Lime stone.
5. Increase in compressive strength from 0-20% Lime
stone replacement is about 5.86% and 3.05% for 7 and
28 days respectively.
6. Increase in split tensile strengthfrom0-20%Limestone
replacement is about 23.64% and 17.36% for 7 and 28
days respectively.
7. Increase in flexure strength from 0-20% Lime stone
replacement is about 44.90% and 51.16% for 7 and 28
days respectively.
SCOPE FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION
1. Further studies can be carried out using varying
percentage of other mineral admixtures such As Rice
husk ash and Fly ash as cement replacement.
2. Studies can be carried out using varying percentage of
fibers such as steel, polyester polypropyleneglassfibers
etc.
3. Studies can be carried out on durability of concrete for
resistance to acid attack, sulphate attack etc.
4. Permeability tests and sorptivitytests(relativemeasure
of permeability) can also be conducted on SCC and its
effects can be investigated.
5. Work can be carried out to find the mechanical
properties ofSCCunderextremetemperature exposures
such as very high and very cold conditions.
REFRENCES
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BIOGRAPHIES
Associate Professor, Department of
civil Engineering, Ghousia College Of
Engineering Ramanagaram,
Karanataka, India.
Bachelor of Engineering (Civil
Engineering)UGStudent, Department
of civil Engineering, Ghousia College
Of Engineering Ramanagaram,
Karanataka, India.
Engineering)UGStudent, Department
of civil Engineering, Ghousia College
Of Engineering Ramanagaram,
Karanataka, India.
Engineering) UG Student,
Department of civil Engineering,
Ghousia College Of Engineering
Ramanagaram, Karanataka, India.
Engineering) UG Student,
Department of civil Engineering,
Ghousia College Of Engineering
Ramanagaram, Karanataka, India.

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