F6
- 1. armfield AIR FLOW STUDIES F6 issue 8 The Armfield Air Flow Unit has been designed to demonstrate how to measure the important characteristics of industrial air distribution systems, as well as to show how certain basic principles of fluid mechanics are applied to analyse flow in ducts and jets. DEMONSTRATION CAPABILITIES ➤ using the laws of conservation of mass and momentum to describe quantitatively flow in geometries of practical importance ➤ using manometers to measure pressure drop ➤ using a Pitot-static tube to measure flow ➤ employing nozzles and orifices to measure flow ➤ understanding and measuring velocity profiles ➤ relating pressure loss in a duct to flow rate ➤ measuring the flow resistance of duct fittings ➤ understanding the use of Reynolds' numbers ➤ measuring the dispersion of a jet
- 2. DESCRIPTION The equipment comprises a long smooth A conventional flow measuring orifice walled pipe connected to the suction side plate is supplied for installing in the pipe of an electrically driven centrifugal fan. upstream of the fan for additional The fan discharge pipe terminates in a demonstrations of pressure loss and flow control damper for closed conduit recovery. work or a plate containing a small Air jet studies are carried out on the aperture for jet dispersion discharge side of the fan. A Pitot tube is measurements. traversed vertically and horizontally at Air enters the smooth walled pipe different distances from the discharge through one of the two flow measurement orifice to investigate the dispersion nozzles provided. Pressure tappings properties. along the length of the pipe permit the The equipment is mounted on a floor pressure gradient to be determined. standing steel frame with an adjacent A bend or mitred cascade elbow may be support for the extended suction pipe. fitted at the inlet to the smooth wall pipe Pressure measurements are made on a for comparison of pressure losses. multi-tube inclinable manometer Boundary layer growth is determined by mounted on the support frame. the measurement of the velocity profile at five stations along the pipe using a traversing Pitot tube. Jet Pitot traverse Jet traverse pitot assembly Orifice plate Alternative bends & bell mouth Schematic diagram of Air Flow Unit
- 3. TECHNICAL DETAILS Centrifugal fan capacity: 218 l/s at STP Pipe velocity range: 0-35m/s Inlet pipe: dia. 80mm length 2.75m Interchangeable nozzles: dia. 50mm and 80mm Internal pipe orifice: dia. 50mm Jet discharge pipe orifice: dia. 30mm Jet traverse range (downstream LxW): 600mm x 140mm Manometer range: 0 - 283mm H2O Manometer fluid: Kerosene (s.g.0.78) Pitot tube and discharge orifice mm Direction of flow 170 160 150 mm 140 0 130 10 120 20 mm mm 30 110 100mm m 200m 400 Velocity m/s 300 40 100 40 30 20 10 0 50 90 60 80 70 80 70 Position 1 - 0 60 Position 2 - x 50 Position 3 - Position 4 - 40 30 Velocity profile in a pipe Jet dispersion at various distances from orifice plate 2534mm 1574mm 774mm 294mm 54mm 5 4 3 2 1 Pipe entrance Pitot tube position in pipe
- 4. ORDERING SPECIFICATION ● An instruction manual is supplied that describes how to perform the airflow ● The unit is self-contained and only experiments and interpret the results, as requires connection to a single-phase well as how to install, commission and mains electrical supply. maintain the equipment. ● Turbulence in the 80 mm diameter test pipe is minimised by locating the pipe at the inlet of the centrifugal fan. ● A profiled bellmouth inlet prevents air- separation from the wall of the pipe at the entrance and straightening vanes suppress the formation of vortices. ● Tappings along the test pipe allow the pressure gradient to be measured with air velocity variable up to a maximum of 35 m/s. ● A Pitot tube can be traversed across the pipe at five locations to allow boundary layer growth/development of velocity profile to be determined. ● Air flowrate is determined from differential pressure measurements across an orifice plate or two different inlet nozzles. ● Different bends and elbows can be fitted to allow frictional losses in fittings to be A 14-tube manometer board for measuring pressure drops compared. ● Air jet dispersion experiments are carried COMPLEMENTARY PRODUCTS out on the discharge side of the fan. F1: Hydraulics Bench and Accessories ● A Pitot tube can be traversed laterally F1-301: Computer-aided Learning Programs (across) and longitudinally (along) the jet (PC Windows™) to measure the changes in velocity as the F5: Osborne Reynolds' Demonstration jet disperses. F9092: Fluid Properties & Hydrostatics ● All pressure measurements are performed Bench using a bank of fourteen manometer F10: Cavitation Demonstration tubes that can be inclined to increase F12: Particle Drag Coefficients sensitivity. F14: Hydrogen Bubble Flow Visualisation System SERVICES REQUIRED Armfield Limited Electrical supply: Bridge House West Street Ringwood F6-A: 220-240V/1ph/50Hz Hampshire England BH24 1DY F6-B: 120V/1ph/60Hz Tel: +44 (0)1425 478781 Fax: +44 (0)1425 470916 OVERALL DIMENSIONS E mail: sales@armfield.co.uk URL: http://www.armfield.co.uk Height: 0.7m Width: 3.8m USA Office: Depth: 1.9m Armfield Inc. SHIPPING SPECIFICATION 436 West Commodore Blvd (#2) Jackson NJ 08527 Volume: 2.3m3 Gross weight: 220kg Tel: (732) 928-3332 Fax: (732) 928-3542 Specifications may change without notice E mail: armfield@optonline.net iss8/5k/1203/B&S.