![7 components of communication
7 components of the communication process:
1. Source [S]
2. Receiver [R]
3. Message [M]
4. Channel
5. Feedback
6. Situation
7. Noise](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/fepowerpoint5-150626202123-lva1-app6891/85/Fe-power-point-5-1-320.jpg)
Fe power point(5)
- 1. 7 components of communication 7 components of the communication process: 1. Source [S] 2. Receiver [R] 3. Message [M] 4. Channel 5. Feedback 6. Situation 7. Noise
- 2. 5 canons Five canons of rhetoric: 1.Invention 2.Organization 3.Style 4.Understanding 5.Delivery Which one you worked on the most? How?
- 3. Why???? Public Speaking • Democracy/freedom of speech/civic engagement School/Local leadership • Life skills/critical thinking/problem solving/decision making/conflict/team work/media/ college presentation/critical listening • Work/job search/employment ladder & communication skills
- 4. language • Powerful • Can harm • Can fight • Can heal • Making friends and enemies • mediate • Organize/classify • Shape thoughts
- 5. language • Descriptive Attempts to observe no judge • Evaluative Full of judgments about goodness or badness of a person/situation
- 6. Modes of delivery 1. Extemporaneous Mode: keyword outline or brief notes (a speech in class) 2. Memorized Mode: committed to memory (a political speech) 3. Manuscript Mode: complete presentation is written out no memorization(a wedding toast, introductions) 4. Impromptu Mode: presenting without advance preparation (at a business meeting)
- 7. Impromptu speech A speech that does not allow substantial planning and practice Strategies? – Limit your message to 1 or 2 specific things – Connect quickly/effectively/grab attention – Humor/use “we”/be stylish
- 8. Ethos-pathos-logos 3 cornerstones of public speaking/ Aristotle •Ethos=source credibility •Pathos=emotional argument •Logos=logical argument explain
- 9. Source credibility=Ethos • The audience’s perception of your effectiveness as a communicator What do you know? How effectively you communicate your ideas to the audience? • It is NOT based on your presentation/delivery skills
- 10. Trustworthiness • Part of the source credibility • It is the degree to which the audience perceives you as an honest and honorable speaker. • If you present made up facts now, you will not be trusted later.
- 11. listening • Hearing is receiving sounds • Listening is interpreting the message • Active listening • Avoid distraction • Thoughtfulness
- 12. Anxiety? • Act confidently/have fun/own the room • Know your subject • Care about your subject • See your audience as your friends • See yourself as a successful speaker • Clear your intro-body-conclusion and 3 points in your head • PRACTICE for confidence
- 13. Purpose General purpose: teach, change, celebrate Specific Purpose Statement for info speech: My audience will understand/learn the steps for taking care a dog.
- 14. Audience analysis –discovering as much as possible about an audience for the purpose of improving communication with them –Occurs before, during, after a presentation
- 15. Analyzing demographic characteristics is part of the audience analysis! 1. Gender: Avoid “genderism” but consider gender Some men/women might feel victimized (Give an example) 2. Age: They live, communicate, are informed differently 3. Ethnicity: language, culture, history, nation-state; do not discriminate Co-cultures: similar to the majority culture but different behavior, background, beliefs.
- 16. demographic characteristics 4. Economic status: wealthier are more conservative 5. Occupation: translate jargons into language comestible with other cultures as well 6. Education: not equated with level of intelligence 7. World view: transcend differences rooted in various life experiences. What does it mean? 8. Physical characteristics: ability/disability
- 17. Don’t plagiarize • The intentional use of info from a source without crediting that source Separate your ideas from others’ ideas Don’t mix the source with your words Use correct citation Check on internet for plagiarism such as dustball.com
- 18. Toulmin model of argument Claim An assertion that is open to question, or the proposition based on reasoning. Data Evidence or proof you provide to support your claim. Warrant The link between the data and your claim •Good speeches have multiple warrants supporting the same claim
- 19. Be able to identify the components of Toulmin’s Model of Argument in an example Claim = the topic sentence Data = supporting material Look for key words: according to…, furthermore…, x said..., numbers and statistics. Warrant = which justifies your claim Look for key words: therefore, consequently, thus
- 20. Supporting materials Ethical obligation •To find the best source/info •Cite your source/info •Fairly and accurately present the source
- 21. Criteria for sources • Clear • Verifiable/is it verifiable if personal interview? • Competent/does the source have expertise? • Objective/avoid biases • Relevant/address the key points How about web sources?
- 22. Six common fallacies 1. Name calling: unfairly labeling people 2. Glittering Generality: (accept an idea without examining the evidence because it looks so good. Example: Bringing democracy to the Arab world.) 3. Bandwagon technique: (the argument: “do because everybody is doing it”)
- 23. Six common fallacies 4. Circular reasoning Uses unproven positions to prove each other (He is unhappy because he drinks. He drinks because he is unhappy.) 5. Either/Or everything is binary (two opposite points), nothing is neutral or has multiple positions. (Example: You are either with me or against me.) 6. Post Hoc ( ergo propter hoc)Fallacy “after this; therefore, because of this.” (I saw a black cat before the test. I failed the test after this. Because I saw a black cat, I failed the test.)
- 24. Problem-Cause-Solution Pattern 1. Establish a problem 2. explain the causes 3. offer a solution
- 25. Cause-effect pattern 1. Dog owners did not clean up after their dogs. 2. Dog owners let their dogs barking. 3. As a result, dog owners are not popular in Athens, Ohio. (Make sure you do not switch to persuasion!)
- 26. Logical Reasons Pattern 1. Present the reasons for the problem Because of … 2. Therefore … (build your argument) 3. End with most important reason. Don’t switch to Problem-Cause-Solution Pattern. Logical reasoning does not offer solution
- 27. Criteria-Satisfaction Pattern 1. criteria and 2. show how your proposal will meet those criteria
- 28. full sentence outline • Be able to construct a full sentence outline for a persuasive speech (correctly labeling all parts), including a correct introduction, transitions, main points, sub points, and a complete conclusion. • See your You Speak book
- 29. Final Exam Objectives 14. Construct a full sentence outline for a persuasive speech correctly labeling all parts • Introduction • Transition • Main points • Sub points • Conclusion You are not expected to provide sources
- 30. What holds the presentation together? • Transitions • Statements/words that bridge previous parts to the next part • Transitions can be signposts, internal previews, internal reviews
- 31. Parts of a Persuasive Speech outline Introduction I. Attention Getter II. Audience Relevance Link III.Credibility IV.Proposition V.Preview of main points Transition
- 32. Parts of a Persuasive Speech outline BODY First main point I.---------------------------. First sub-point A.--------------. first sub-subpoint 1.---------- second subsubpoint 2.---------- Second sub-point B.------------------------- first sub-subpoint 1.----------- second sub-subpoint 2.---------- Transition Second main point II.------------------------------ First sub-point A.-------------- first sub-subpoint 1.---------- second sub-subpoint 2.---------- Second sub-point B.------------------------- first sub-subpoint 1.----------- second sub-subpoint 2.----------- Transition Third main point III. ------------------------------ First sub-point A.--------------. first sub-subpoint 1.---------- second sub-subpoint 2.---------- Second sub-point B.------------------------- first sub-subpoint 1.----------- second sub-subpoint 2.----------- Transition
- 33. Parts of a Persuasive Speech outline Conclusion I. Review Main Points II.Restate Proposition III.Decisive Closing
- 34. If you need sub-subpoint, this is the correct form for body (This is probably not required in the final exam. But you never know)I.---------------------------. A.--------------. 1.----------. 2.------------. B.-------------------------. 1.-----------. 2.--------------------. Transition II.------------------------------. A.--------------. 1.----------. 2.------------. B.-------------------------. 1.-----------. 2.--------------------. Transition III. ------------------------------. A.--------------. 1.----------. 2.------------. B.-------------------------. 1.-----------. 2.--------------------. Transition
- 35. Watch TED talk for the final Remember the major arguments • http://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_shapes_who_you_are