Field patterns

College of Agril. Engg. & Tech.
DR.PDKV Akola
FMP-473
FIELD PATTERNS

FIELD PATTERN
• Field efficiency is percentage of time the machine
operates at its full rated speed & width while in
field.
• Substantial improvement in field efficiency can be
made by analyzing and varying the pattern of field
operation .
• It reduces time spent in non productive work
• It minimize the number of turns and maximize the
length of the tillage runs
• The pattern of operation is closely related to the
size & shape of the field.

Objective
• Establishing an efficient field pattern is to
minimize the amount of field travels.
• Minimizing the number of nonworking turns.
• Minimizing the travels distance in a turns.
• Minimizing the amount of nonworking travel
in the interior of the field.

TERMINOLOGY
A. A round refers to the travel of the machine
across or around a field from a selected
starting point to a point adjacent to the first. A
trip is a half round or the travel from one end
of the field to the other.
B. Operating in lands describes the practice of
dividing the field into subareas & operating
on these subareas individually.
C. Turns strips are unprocessed areas that
provide room for making turns. These strips
are processed either previously or at alter
time .When the turns strip is at the end of a
field it is called a headland.

D. A headland pattern has trips that parallel
each other ,are incremented successively by
the operating width of the implement, &
initiate at one boundary and terminate at the
opposite. Turns are [180 Degree] over the
headland.
E. A circuitous pattern describes the operation of
the implement oration paralleling each land’s
bound arise and is commonly described as
“going around the field”.
F. An alternation pattern is sometimes used in
processing establishing row crops. To
provide a turns that is easy to negotiate, the
trips are not adjacent.

Illustration of the common
patterns for straight sided
fields

Headland Pattern
• Laying out the most efficient number of lands
for the headland pattern is a common
plowing problem.
• If the lands are made too large excessive
headland travel result .
• If the land are too small ,excessive time is
used to finish off the numerous dead furrow.
• Additional trip is required to finish dead
furrowed land.

The variables to be considered are
• w = effective width of plow[ft]
• f = length of furrow[ft]
• Sp = speed of plowing, km/hr[MPH]
• Se = effective speed of headland travel,
km/hr
• W = width of field, m [ft]
• L = length of field, m [ft]
• C3 = constant, 1000[5280]

Computation of pattern efficiency {PE}
• Number of back-furrowed land= n
• Number of Dead furrowed land= n – 1
• Total number of land = 2n – 1
• Time in hours for one trip= f/[(c3)*Sp]
• Number of strip to complete land=W/w
• Total hours for plowing land = fW/ /[(c3)*Sp]
• Avg. distance for turning one end of land
= ½ land width
• Width of land= W/(2n-1)

• Avg. time for turning end=
• Total turning time for lands=
• No. of back furrow n= .5+
• Plowing time to finish headlands =
• Total time turning at the headland end =

Circuitous Pattern, Diagonal Turn Strips
• It is another popular pattern for plowing.
• For proper operation the turns strips must be
exact bisector of the square corners of the
field.
• It is assumed that turning speed, finishing
speed, and plowing speed are equal.
• The total plowing time for this pattern is
computed by dividing the width of the
plough, w, into the net area of the field to get
total furrow distance

• Land plowing time =
• Total time lost in turns =
• Time to turn 6 turn strip ends=
• Time to finish dead furrows =
• PE =

Continuous pattern
• The efficiency of the continuous pattern
depend greatly on quick turns at the
headland
• Headland should be smooth and wide enough
to permit an easy turns in a few seconds.
• A headland of 2w width provides adequate
room for high-speed turns yet limits finishing
travel to two passes.
• pattern efficiency is not affected by width of
plough(w)

• Total time for turning =
• Total time for plowing =
• PE =

Circuitous Pattern, Rounded Corners
• The circuitous pattern would appear to have
the greatest field efficiency as the operation
is continuous. However, an unprocessed,
crescent-shaped area is left at each turn.
• Total time lost for [900] =
• PE=
ro = short turning radius with implement
disengaged

Circuitous pattern(2700) turns
• Circuitous pattern with 2700 turns usually
started at the centre of the land when
plowing so that turns will be unplowed
rather than plowed land.
• Time for a turn =
• PE =
ro= 2w

Field patterns

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Field patterns